Enjene Hyundai, Kia D4CB
Tse ka hare
Bahahi ba lienjine tsa Korea ba ntlafalitse mme ba kentse letoto le leng la lienjineri tsa disele tsa lelapa la A. Moetso oa motheo o fetotsoe khafetsa bakeng sa mefuta e ikhethileng ea likoloi tsa Hyundai le Kia. Nakong ea ho ngola, ho na le liphetoho tse 10 tse fapaneng tsa enjene ena.
Tlhaloso ea enjene
D4CB 2,5 CRDI e entsoe ho tloha 2001 feela Korea fekthering e Incheon. Khamphani ke ea Hyundai Motor Corporation. Liphetoho moralong li entsoe habeli. (Mokhoa oa mafura o entsoeng ke BOSCH o nketsoe sebaka ke DELPHI). Ntlafatso e entse hore ho khonehe ho fetela maemong a holimo a tikoloho.
Enjene e kentsoe likoloing tse entsoeng Korea:
The cylinder block, hammoho le exhaust manifold, ke tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe. Hlooho ea silinda le mefuta e mengata ea ho kenya li entsoe ka motsoako oa aluminium.
Libaka tsa li-cylinder li hloekisitsoe. Likamore tse tukang li atolositsoe hanyenyane. Sena se ile sa nolofalloa ke bophara bo boholo ba silinda le piston stroke.
Li-piston li entsoe ka motsoako oa aluminium ntle le lisebelisoa tse matlafatsang tsa tšepe.
Hlooho ea cylinder e na le li-camshaft tse peli le li-valve tse 'nè (mochine oa phepelo ea khase ea DOHC).
Ho khanna nako, pompo ea ente, li-balancer shafts le pompo ea oli ea ketane (3 liketane).
Ho tsamaisa tlhokomelo le ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea mochine oa phepelo ea khase, hood e na le li-compensator tsa hydraulic.
Li-shafts tse kentsoeng li sebetsana ka katleho le ho fokotseha ha matla a inertial a taelo ea 2 nakong ea ts'ebetso ea enjene. Ka lebaka leo, ho thothomela ha ho bonahale, lerata le fokotseha haholo.
Sistimi ea phepelo ea mafura e nang le ente ea mafura ea elektroniki (Common Rail Delphi). Ntlafatso ea enjene ntlheng ena e entse melemo e mengata (ho boloka mafura, ho bonolo ho qala ka mocheso o tlase, joalo-joalo). Khatelo-pele e hlokomelehang ea ntlafatso ea sejoale-joale e bile ho eketseha ha maemo a ho felloa ke matla. Hona joale ba latela maemo a Euro 5.
Ho kenngoa ha turbocharger e nang le intercooler ho entse hore ho khonehe ho eketsa matla ho 170 hp.
Litlhaloso tsa theknoloji
Enjene ea mohala oa A II e na le liphetoho tse 10. E 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e ne e lumellana le mofuta o itseng le mofuta oa koloi eo e kentsoeng ho eona. Tafole e akaretsa lintlha tsa liphetoho tse peli tse kholo - aspirated (116 hp) le turbocharged (170 hp).
| Moetsi | Hyundai Motor Corporation |
|---|---|
| mofuta oa enjene | e mocheng |
| Bolumo, cm³ | 2497 |
| Matla, hp | 116-170 * |
| Torque, NM | 245-441 |
| Compression ratio | 16,4-17,7 |
| Moqomo | tšepe ea tšepe |
| Hlooho ea Moqomo | aluminium |
| Palo ea diselennere | 4 |
| Moqomo bophara, limilimithara | 91 |
| Leqeba la piston, mm | 96 |
| Li-valve ka silindara | 4 |
| Hydraulic compensator | + |
| Taelo ea li-cylinders | 1-3-4-2 |
| Ho fokotsa ho sisinyeha | li-shafts tse leka-lekaneng |
| Koloi ea nako | ketane |
| Sisteme ea kabo ea khase | DOHC |
| Sisteme ea phepelo ea mafura | Seporo se Tloaelehileng (CRDI)** |
| Mokelikeli | DT (disele) |
| Ts'ebeliso ea mafura, l / 100 km | Ho tloha 7,9 ho isa ho 15,0*** |
| Sistimi ea mafura, l | 4,5 |
| Tšebeliso ea oli, l/1000 km | Ho fihlela 0,6 |
| Turbocharging | +/- |
| Filter ea likaroloana | + |
| Sekhahla sa chefo | Euro 3 - Euro 5 |
| Mocheso o pholileng oa ho sebetsa, deg. | 95 |
| Sistimi e futhumetseng | qobelloang |
| Sebaka: | longitudinal |
| Mohlodi, kantle. km | 250 + |
| Boima ba lik'hilograma | 117 |
* Nomoro ea pele ea enjine e nang le WGT turbocharger, ea bobeli bakeng sa VGT. **1st - BOSCH tsamaiso ea matla, ea bobeli - DELPHI. *** e ipapisitse le firmware ea ECU.
Ho tšepahala, mefokolo, ho boloka
Mantsoe a seng makae mabapi le matšoao a bohlokoa a matla a matla, a khethollang ts'ebetso ea eona.
Ho tšepahala
Ho tšepahala ha enjene ho entsoe ka lintlha tse ngata. A re hlahlobeng tse ling tsa tsona.
Li-cylinder block, hlooho ea cylinder, crankshaft, lithupa tse hokahanyang (ntle le tse entsoeng ka 2008-2009) le li-piston ha li bake mathata, li nkoa li tšepahala haholo. Likarolo tse ling le likopano li hloka ho nahanoa ka botebo.
Koetliso ea nako e kenyelletsa liketane tse tharo. Nako e boletsoeng ea ts'ebetso ea bona ke lik'hilomithara tse 200-250. Ha e le hantle, e khutsufatsoa haholo, ka linako tse ling ka halofo. Phapang e joalo e tloaelehile bakeng sa li-motors tse sebetsang ka thata le "litokoloho" tse lumelletsoeng nakong ea tlhokomelo ea tsona. Sena se bolela ho hloleha ho fihlela linako tse behiloeng, ho se etse ts'ebetso eohle, ho nkela maro a sebetsang a khothaletsoang ke moetsi ka li-analogue tse belaetsang, litlolo tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebetso ea mahlale nakong ea tlhokomelo.
Qetello: ka tlhokomelo ea boleng bo holimo le e nakong ea enjene, liketane tsa nako li tla sebetsa ka botlalo lisebelisoa tsa tsona.
Lisebelisoa tsa li-hydraulic li hloka tlhokomelo e itseng. Ho lekane ho tšela oli ea boleng bo tlase ka enjene, 'me mathata a valve a ke ke a nka nako e telele.
Haholo-holo e bonolo ka enjene ke mehele ea koporo ea li-injection. Ho timetsoa ha bona (ho chesa) ho ka baka ho hlōleha ha enjene eohle. Ho beha leihlo boemo ba bona ka mor'a lik'hilomithara tse 45-50. mileage tla qoba mathata a tebileng ka enjene.
Node e latelang e hlokang tlhokomelo ke turbocharger. Bophelo ba tšebeletso bo phatlalalitsoeng ba turbine bo feta lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 200. Empa ha e le hantle, hangata e fokotseha ka halofo. E le ho thibela sena hore se se ke sa etsahala, ho lekane ho hlokomela puso ea mocheso oa ts'ebetso ea enjene (qoba ho chesa haholo) le ho latela ka botlalo litlhoko tsohle tsa moetsi, haholo-holo mabapi le oli - sebelisa feela e khothalletsoang, ka tekanyo e nepahetseng le ho e nkela sebaka. ka nako e loketseng.
Ho na le qeto e le 'ngoe feela e akaretsang: enjene e ka tšeptjoa, empa ha litlhoko tsohle tsa eona li finyelloa.
Mabala a fokolang
Ho sa tsotellehe ho tšepahala ho hoholo ha enjene e tukang ka hare ka kakaretso, ho na le mefokolo ho eona. Litšitiso tse kholo ke tse latelang:
- kutlo ea pompo ea mafura a khatello e phahameng le sistimi ea ente ho boleng ba mafura;
- timetso e potlakileng ea mehele ea koporo ea li-injection;
- ho roala ka mabifi ha li-liner tsa crankshaft;
- litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso.
pompo ea ente le
The Common Rail system ho hang ha e khone ho mamella mafura a disele a boleng bo tlaase. 'Me litokiso tsa bona ha li theko e tlaase.
Masale a koporo a nozzle a tlas'a timetso e potlakileng. Ho seo e se lebisang - ho e hlalosa ha e na thuso.
Li-bearings tsa li-crankshaft bearings li atisa ho apara ka potlako haholo, lihlahisoa tsa tsona tse koalang likanale tsa oli. Ka lebaka leo, ho futhumala ha enjene le ho eketseha ho hoholo ha libaka tse hohlang tsa likarolo tse ngata le likopano ho netefatsoa.
Sebaka pakeng tsa tlhokomelo ea kamehla ha se holimo. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho molemo bakeng sa enjene. Empa boemo bo joalo ha bo tlise thabo ho mong'a eona - MOT ha e lokolohe.
Lintlha tse setseng tse fokolang tsa motlakase li hlaha hangata. Ka mohlala, ho koaloa ha mochine oa oli. E hloka tlhokomelo e eketsehileng.
Hangata, ho na le khefu liketane tsa nako, haholo-holo tse ka tlaase, tse fetisetsang ho potoloha ho pompo ea oli le li-shafts tsa balance. Hammoho le eona, e ka sehloohong e hloleha.
Li-compensator tsa Hydraulic, valve ea USR, le sistimi ea ho fetola geometry ea li-blade tsa turbocharger li na le bophelo bo tlase ba ts'ebeletso.
Ho robeha ha nako e fetileng, joalo ka molamu o robehileng, ho felisitsoe. Ka lebaka la boleng bo bobe ba liboutu tsa molamu (lenyalo la fektheri), lihlopha tsa 2008-2009 li ile tsa hopoloa.
Lienjineng tse entsoeng ka mor'a 2006, ho ile ha tlalehoa linyeoe tse ikhethileng tsa likheo tsa ho kenya liente. Sebopeho sa ketsahalo ena, ka bomalimabe, ha se e-s'o hlalosoe.
Tlhokomelo
The maintainability ea enjene ea khotsofatsa. Ho e-na le ho rarahana. 'Nete ke hore cylinder block ha e na matsoho. Ho fetola le ho khabisa libaka tsa ho sebetsa, ha ho hlokahala, ho tlameha ho etsoa ka har'a block. Ts'ebetso ena e hloka lisebelisoa tse rarahaneng haholo tsa mochini. Ho phaella moo, ho na le tlhokahalo ea ho sila e tlamang ea libaka tsa litulo tsa li-cylinder le thibela ka boeona, kaha gasket pakeng tsa bona e entsoe ka tšepe, i.e. e hlokang ho honyela.
Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho kenngoa ha matsoho hoa khoneha. Ho fetola likarolo tse ling le likopano ka mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa ho lokisa ha ho thata.
Melao ea litšebeletso
Joalokaha ho boletsoe pejana, enjene ea 4L HYUNDAI D2,5CB e arabela haholo ho nako le botlalo ba tlhokomelo ea eona. Moetsi oa tlhokomelo o hlahisitse litlhahiso tse itseng tse hlokang ho khomarela ka thata. Empa mona o hloka ho nahana ka maemo a ts'ebetso. Ha se sephiri hore litsela tsa Russia le boleng ba mafura le mafura li fapane haholo le tsa Korea. Mme eseng bakeng sa molemo.
Ho ipapisitsoe le 'nete, lipehelo tsa ho khutlisa lisebelisoa tsohle le likarolo nakong ea tlhokomelo e latelang ea enjene e tlameha ho fokotsoa. Ho ea ka likhothaletso tsa mechini ea litšebeletso tsa likoloi le beng ba likoloi tseo lienjineri tsa diesel tsa D4CB li kentsoeng ho tsona, ho hlokahala hore ho lokisoe nako ea tlhokomelo ea bona:
- nka sebaka sa ketane ea nako ka mor'a ho matha lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 100, liketane tse ling - ka mor'a lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 150;
- fetola antifreeze tsamaisong ea pholileng hang ka mor'a lilemo tse 1, 'me ka tšebeliso e matla ea koloi ka mor'a lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 3;
- oli ka enjene ea sepakapaka e nkeloa sebaka ka mor'a lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 7,5, 'me ka enjene ea turbocharged - ka mor'a lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 5. Ka nako e ts'oanang, sefahla sa oli se fetoloa;
- fetola filthara ea mafura ka mor'a lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 30, sefofane sa moea - hang ka selemo;
- ho qoba ho phatloha ha likhase tsa crankcase ka ntle, ka mor'a lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 20, hloekisa tsamaiso ea moea ea crankcase;
- Ho eletsoa ho ntlafatsa li-plug tse khanyang selemo le selemo, le betri ha ho hlokahala, empa pele ho nako ea lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 60 tsa koloi.
Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho lokela ho nahanoa hore tabeng ea ho ntlafatsa enjene (mohlala, tokiso), mantsoe a tlhokomelo a lokela ho fokotsoa.
Lintlha tse qaqileng mabapi le litaba tsa mosebetsi o entsoeng nakong ea mefuta e latelang ea tlhokomelo li ka fumanoa ho Buka ea Ts'ebetso ea koloi ea hau.
Ho lokisa enjene leha e le efe ho batla ho tura, empa ho lokisa kapa ho fetola enjene kaofela ho tla bitsa chelete e ngata haholo.
Sebaka sa ho tsepamisa maikutlo
Sisteme ea lubrication ea enjene ke e 'ngoe ea tse bohlokoahali, e hlokang tlhokomelo e haufi. Tshebetso eohle ea yuniti ka kakaretso e itšetlehile ka boemo ba eona.
Ho tšela oli ea mofuta ofe
Bakeng sa mohlala o mong le o mong oa enjene, moetsi o bontša mofuta o itseng oa oli bakeng sa ho tlatsa sistimi le bongata ba eona. Oli e amohelehang ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa lienjini tsa motlakase tsa ka hare tsa D4CB ke oli ea SAE 5W-30 kapa 5W-40 viscosity grade grade, mohlala, Castrol Magnatec Diesel 5W-40 V 4 (PDF) oli ea maiketsetso. Li-additives li ka sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa litšobotsi le thepa ea ho tlotsa ea oli.
Ha u reka oli, ela hloko mabitso a eona e le hore u se ke ua tlatsa oli e reretsoeng enjene ea peterole ka phoso.
Tuning
O ka tsamaisa enjene ka litsela tse tharo:
- chip tuning ka ho fetola litlhophiso tsa ECU;
- ho tima valve ea EGR;
- ho kenya mochine oa pedal-box ho tloha DTE-systems.
Ka khopolo, hoa khoneha ho eketsa matla ka tsela e 'ngoe - ka ho borata hlooho ea silinda, empa ka ts'ebetso ha e e-s'o fumane kopo e pharaletseng.
Ho hlophisa chip ka ho fetola litlhophiso tsa ECU ho etsoa ka mekhahlelo e 'meli. Mothating oa pele, lithibelo tsohle tse behiloeng ke moetsi oa lisebelisoa tsa elektronike tsa taolo li tlosoa. Ka lekhetlo la bobeli, lenaneo le lecha le "tlatsoa" (k'homphieutha e khanyang).
Ka lebaka la maqheka ana, litekanyetso tsa tikoloho li tla fokotsoa ho hoo e ka bang Euro 2/3, empa matla a tla eketseha ka mokhoa o itseng. Ho ea ka maikutlo a ba entseng chip tuning ka tsela ena, ho ile ha utloahala ho eketseha ha motlakase oa enjene ka lebelo le bohareng. Tseleng, ho thothomela ho neng ho bonahala pele ho ile ha nyamela ka ho fokotseha ha lebelo. Ho phaella moo, ho ile ha hlokomeloa ho fokotseha ha tšebeliso ea mafura ka lebelo le tlaase, leha ho le joalo, keketseho ea eona ka lebelo le phahameng.
Ho tima valve ea EGR (exhaust recirculation change) ho u lumella ho eketsa matla ka hoo e ka bang 10 hp.
Mokhoa oa sejoale-joale ebile o theko e tlase oa ho lokisa enjene ke ho hokela module oa DTE-systems pedal-box. Ho kenngoa ha DTE PEDALBOX booster hoa khoneha ho likoloi tse nang le potoloho ea motlakase bakeng sa PPT (accelerator pedal). Tabeng ena, litlhophiso tsa ECU ha li hataketsoe. Ho kenya mojule ho tla eketsa matla a enjene ho fihla ho 8%. Empa ka nako e ts'oanang, motho ha aa lokela ho lebala hore khetho ena ea tokiso bakeng sa pedal phepelo ea peterole e nang le mochini oa ho laola pompo ea peterole e phahameng ha e amohelehe.
Ho lokisa enjene hanyane ho eketsa matla le torque ea eona. Empa ka nako e ts'oanang, e eketsa mojaro ho sehlopha sa cylinder-piston. Phello e mpe e batla e fokotsoa ke ho fetoha ha oli khafetsa, empa sena ha se tlise molemo o moholo ho CPG.
Theko ea enjene ea konteraka
Ho reka konteraka D4CB ho bonolo. Ho feta moo, hammoho le tse sebelisitsoeng, ho rekisoa lienjineri tse ncha ka ho felletseng.
Litheko li tsoa ho li-ruble tse likete tse 80 ho isa ho tse 200. bakeng sa lienjineri tse sebelisitsoeng. Tse ncha li tla bitsa li-ruble tse likete tse 70. theko e boima.
Bakeng sa litšupiso: D4CB e ncha kantle ho naha e ka rekoa ka li-euro tse 3800.
Enjene ea diesel Kia D4CB e ajoa haholo Russia le linaheng tse ling tsa CIS. E na le litšobotsi tse ntle tsa tekheniki bakeng sa sehlopha sa eona, e fanoa ka botlalo ke 'maraka ka likarolo tse ling, likarolo le likopano (tse sebelisoang le tse ncha) bakeng sa tlhokomelo kapa ho lokisoa.
