Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea enjene ea dizeli - setšoantšo le video ea ts'ebetso
Lienjineri tsa diesel li khonne ho feta tseleng e telele le e atlehileng ea nts'etsopele ho tloha litsing tse sa sebetseng le tse silafatsang tsa lekholong la mashome a mabeli la lilemo, ho ea ho tse nang le moruo o moholo le tse khutsitseng tse kentsoeng halofong e ntle ea likoloi tsohle tse hlahisoang kajeno. Empa, ho sa tsotellehe liphetoho tse joalo tse atlehileng, molao-motheo o akaretsang oa ts'ebetso ea bona, o khethollang lienjiniere tsa diesel ho tse ling tsa peterole, o ntse o tšoana. A re lekeng ho nahana ka taba ena ka botlalo.
Ke phapang efe e kholo lipakeng tsa lienjineri tsa diesel le tsa peterole?
Ho se ho ntse ho hlakile ho tsoa ho lebitso ka boeona hore lienjineri tsa diesel ha li sebetse ka peterole, empa ka peterole ea diesel, eo hape e bitsoang mafura a diesel, mafura a diesel kapa diesel feela. Re ke ke ra hlahloba lintlha tsohle tsa ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale tsa ho hloekisa oli, re tla re feela peterole le diesel li hlahisoa ka oli. Nakong ea distillation, oli e arotsoe ka likaroloana tse fapaneng:
- khase - propane, butane, methane;
- li-sledges (lik'habohaedreite tse khuts'oane) - tse sebelisetsoang ho hlahisa li-solvents;
- peterole ke mokelikeli o bonaletsang o phatlohang o phatlohang ka potlako;
- parafine le diesel ke maro a nang le 'mala o mosehla le sebopeho sa viscous ho feta peterole.
Ke hore, mafura a dizeli a hlahisoa ho tloha likarolong tse boima tsa oli, pontšo ea eona ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke ho chesa, ho khethoa ke nomoro ea cetane. Mafura a diesel a boetse a khetholloa ke sebabole se phahameng, seo, leha ho le joalo, ba lekang ho se fokotsa ka mekhoa eohle e le hore mafura a finyelle maemo a tikoloho.
Joalo ka peterole, disele e arotsoe ka mefuta e fapaneng ho latela maemo a mocheso:
- lehlabula;
- mariha;
- Arctic.
Hape ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore peterole ea diesel ha e hlahisoe feela ka petroleum, empa hape le ho tloha ho oli e sa tšoaneng ea meroho - palema, soya, rapeseed, joalo-joalo, e kopantsoe le joala ea theknoloji - methanol.
Leha ho le joalo, peterole e tšeloa hase eona phapang e khōlō. Haeba re sheba pono ea likarolo tsa enjene ea peterole le diesel, re ke ke ra hlokomela phapang leha e le efe ea pono - li-piston tse tšoanang, lithupa tse kopanyang, crankshaft, flywheel, joalo-joalo. Empa ho na le phapang mme e bohlokoa haholo.
Molao-motheo o sebetsang oa enjene ea dizeli
Ho fapana le peterole, enjeneng ea disele, motsoako oa mafura a moea o hotetsoa ho latela molao-motheo o fapaneng ka ho felletseng. Haeba ka peterole - ka bobeli ka carburetor le ente - enjine, motsoako o qala ho lokisoa ebe o hotetsoa ka tlhase e tsoang ho spark plug, ebe ka enjene ea disele, moea o kenngoa ka phaposing e tukang ea piston, ebe moea o hatelloa. , ho futhumatsa ho fihlela mocheso oa likhato tse 700, 'me motsotso ona, mafura a kena ka kamoreng, e leng hang-hang e phatlohang ebe e sutumelletsa piston fatše.
Lienjine tsa diesel li na le li-stroke tse 'nè. Ha re shebeng pina ka 'ngoe:
- Leqeba la pele - piston e theohela fatše, valve ea ho kenya e bulehile, kahoo moea o kena ka kamoreng ea mollo;
- Potoloho ea bobeli - piston e qala ho phahama, moea o qala ho hatella le ho chesa ka tlas'a khatello, ke motsotso ona moo peterole ea dizeli e kenngoa ka molomo, e chesa;
- Potoloho ea boraro e sebetsa, ho phatloha ho etsahala, piston e qala ho theoha;
- Leqephe la bone - valve ea ho tima e ea buleha 'me likhase tsohle tsa ho tsoa li tsoa ka har'a manifold kapa ka har'a li-nozzles tsa turbine.
Ha e le hantle, sena sohle se etsahala ka potlako haholo - liphetoho tse likete tse 'maloa ka motsotso, li hloka mosebetsi o kopanetsoeng haholo le ho lokisoa ha likarolo tsohle - li-pistons, li-cylinders, camshaft, lithupa tse kopanyang crankshaft, le li-sensor tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa - tse tlamehang ho fetisa li-pulses tse makholo motsotsoana CPU bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea hang-hang le ho bala palo e hlokahalang ea moea le mafura a disele.
Lienjineri tsa diesel li fana ka ts'ebetso e kholo, ke ka lebaka leo li sebelisoang literakeng, likopano, literekere, lisebelisoa tsa sesole joalo-joalo. DT e theko e tlaase, empa hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore enjene ka boeona e theko e boima haholo ho sebetsa, hobane boemo ba compression mona bo batla bo phahame ka makhetlo a mabeli ho feta peterole, ka ho latellana, lipiston tsa moralo o khethehileng lia hlokahala, 'me likarolo tsohle, likarolo le lisebelisoa. tse sebelisoang lia matlafatsoa, ke hore, li bitsa chelete e ngata.
Litlhokahalo tse thata haholo li boetse li behiloe ho phepelo ea mafura le lits'ebetso tsa khase ea ho tsoa. Ha ho enjene e le 'ngoe ea diesel e ka sebetsang ntle le pompo ea mafura ea boleng bo holimo le e ka tšeptjoang - pompo e nang le khatello e phahameng ea mafura. E netefatsa phepelo e nepahetseng ea mafura ho nozzle ka 'ngoe. Ho phaella moo, lienjineri tsa diesel li sebelisa li-turbine - ka thuso ea tsona, likhase tsa ho qeta li sebelisoa hape, kahoo li eketsa matla a enjene.
Disele e boetse e na le mathata a mangata:
- lerata le eketsehang;
- litšila tse ngata - mafura a na le mafura a mangata, kahoo o hloka ho fetola li-filters khafetsa, ho shebella ho tsoa;
- mathata a ho qala, haholo-holo a batang, ho sebelisoa starter e matla haholoanyane, mafura a teteaneng ka potlako ha mocheso o theoha;
- Litokiso li bitsa chelete e ngata, haholo-holo bakeng sa thepa ea mafura.
Ka lentsoe - ho e mong le e mong oa hae, lienjineri tsa dizeli li khetholloa ka matla a maholo, li amahanngoa le li-SUV tse matla le literaka. Bakeng sa moahi ea bonolo oa toropo ea eang mosebetsing - ho tloha mosebetsing le ho tloha motseng ka mafelo-beke, enjene ea peterole e nang le matla a tlaase e lekane.
Video e bonts'ang molao-motheo o felletseng oa ts'ebetso ea enjene ea motlakase ea ka hare ea disele
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