Tanka e kholo ea ntoa ea Olifant
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Tanka e kholo ea ntoa ea Olifant

Tanka e kholo ea ntoa ea Olifant

Tanka ea Olifant ("elephant") e tebile

mehleng ea kajeno ea "Centurion" ea Brithani.

Tanka e kholo ea ntoa ea OlifantTank "Oliphant 1B" e qalile ho kena sesoleng sa Afrika Boroa ka 1991. Ho ne ho boetse ho reriloe ho tlisa boholo ba litanka tsa Model 1A boemong ba tsona. Ntlafatso ea litanka tsa Centurion e entsoeng Afrika Boroa ke mohlala o khahlisang haholo oa ho ntlafatsa thepa ea ntoa ea likoloi tsa ntoa tse sa sebetseng nako e telele. Ha e le hantle, "Oliphant 1B" e ke ke ea lekana le litanka tsa mehleng ea kajeno, empa kakaretso ea lintlafatso le lintlafatso tse entsoeng li e beha boemong bo molemo ha bo bapisoa le litanka tse ling tse sebelisoang k'honthinenteng ea Afrika.

Ha ba theha tanka, baqapi ba ile ba nka sebopeho sa khale e le motheo. Kamore ea ho laola e ka pel'a sekepe, kamore ea ntoa e bohareng, setsi sa motlakase se ka morao. Sethunya se teng ka tora ea potoloho e chitja. Basebetsi ba tanka ba na le batho ba bane: molaoli, sethunya, mokhanni le mojari. Ho hlophisoa ha sebaka sa ka hare ho boetse ho lumellana le mekhoa e tloaelehileng le ea nako e telele ea litharollo tsa setso. Setulo sa mokhanni se ka letsohong le letona ka pel'a sekepe, 'me ka ho le letšehali ke karolo ea lithunya (lithunya tse 32). Molaoli oa tanka le sethunya ba fumaneha ka lehlakoreng le letona la kamore ea ntoa, mojaro o ka lehlakoreng le letšehali.

Tanka e kholo ea ntoa ea Olifant

Lithunya li bolokoa sebakeng sa phomolo sa turret (lithunya tse 16) le ka phaposing ea ntoa (lithunya tse 6). Sebetsa se ka sehloohong sa setšoantšo se hahiloeng sa tanka ke sethunya sa 105 mm STZ, e leng tsoelo-pele ea cannon ea Brithani 17. Kamano pakeng tsa sethunya le turret e nkoa e le bokahohle, e lumellang ho kenngoa ha 120-mm. le lithunya tsa 140-mm. Esita le cannon e ncha ea 6T6 e entsoe, e leng se etsang hore ho khonehe ho sebelisa libarele tsa 120-mm le 140-mm ka mocha o boreleli.

Tanka e kholo ea ntoa ea Olifant

Mohlala o latelang oa sethunya bakeng sa tanka ke sethunya sa 120 mm ST9 smoothbore. Maemong 'ohle, libarele tsa lithunya li koahetsoe ke sekoahelo se thibelang mocheso. Joalokaha u ka bona, baqapi ba fane ka mefuta e fapaneng ea likhetho bakeng sa ho hlomela tanka e ncha, 'me indasteri ea Afrika Boroa e na le bokhoni bo lekaneng ba ho kenya ts'ebetsong litlhahiso leha e le life (potso ea boeletsi ba ho sebelisa lithunya tsa 140-mm e ntse e nahanoa).

Tanka e kholo ea ntoa ea Olifant

Litšobotsi tsa maqheka le tsa tekheniki tsa tanka e kholo ea ntoa "Oliphant 1V" 

Ho loantša boima ba 'mele, т58
Basebetsi, batho4
Litekanyo, mm:
bolelele ka sethunya pele10200
Bophara3420
bophahamo2550
Lihlomo
 projectile
Sebetsa:
 sethunya sa 105 mm; Lithunya tse peli tsa mochini oa 7,62mm Browning
Boek set:
 68 Shots, 5600 lipotoloho
EnjeneEnjene "Teledine Continental", 12-cylinder, diesel, turbocharged, matla a 950 hp. Ka.
Lebelo la mmila o moholo km / h58
Ho tsamaea ka sekepe tseleng e kholo km400
Ho hlola litšitiso:
bophahamo ba lebota, м0.9
bophara ba foro, м3.5
botebo ba sekepe, м1.2

Tanka e kholo ea ntoa ea Olifant

Tanka "Centurion" ea sesole sa Afrika Boroa

Centurion, A41 - tanka e bohareng ea Brithani.

Kakaretso ea litanka tsa Centurion tse 4000 li hahiloe. Nakong ea ntoa Korea, India, Saudi Arabia, Vietnam, Bochabela bo Hare, haholo-holo sebakeng sa Suez Canal, Centurion e ipakile e le e 'ngoe ea litanka tse ntle ka ho fetisisa tsa nako ea ka mor'a ntoa. Tanka ea Centurion e bōpiloe e le koloi e kopanyang thepa ea likoloi le litanka tsa masea 'me e khona ho etsa mesebetsi eohle e ka sehloohong e abetsoeng mabotho a hlometseng. Ho fapana le litanka tsa pele tsa Brithani, koloi ena e ne e ntlafalitse haholo le ho ntlafatsa lihlomo, hammoho le tšireletso e ntlafetseng ea lihlomo.

Tanka e kholo ea ntoa ea Olifant

Tanka Centurion Mk. 3, Musiamong oa Canada

Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la sebopeho se seholo haholo, boima ba tanka bo ile ba fetoha bo boholo haholo bakeng sa mofuta ona oa likoloi. Drawback ena e ile ea fokotsa haholo motsamao oa tanka mme ha ea ka ea lumella ho beoa ho matla ka ho lekaneng.

Tanka e kholo ea ntoa ea Olifant
Tanka e kholo ea ntoa ea Olifant
 Centurion sebakeng sa ntoa e ipakile e le e 'ngoe ea litanka tse ntle ka ho fetisisa
Tanka e kholo ea ntoa ea Olifant
Tanka e kholo ea ntoa ea Olifant

Mehlala ea pele ea litanka tsa Centurion e ile ea hlaha ka 1945, 'me e se e ntse e le ka 1947 phetoho e kholo ea Centurion Mk 3 e nang le cannon ea 20-pounder 83,8-mm e ile ea kenngoa ts'ebetsong. Liphetoho tse ling tsa nako eo li fapane ka tsela e latelang: turret e cheselitsoeng e nang le tsamaiso ea mafahla ea 1 mm le lithunya tsa 76,2 mm li ile tsa kenngoa ho Mk 20; ka mohlala oa Mk 2 - turret ea cast e nang le sethunya sa 76,2 mm; Mk 4 e na le turret e tšoanang le ea Mk 2, empa e na le howitzer ea 95mm. Mehlala ena kaofela e ile ea hlahisoa ka bongata bo fokolang 'me ka mor'a moo tse ling tsa tsona tsa fetoloa likoloi tse thusang,' me karolo e 'ngoe e ile ea ntlafatsoa ho ea boemong ba mohlala oa Mk 3. Ka 1955, mefuta e tsoetseng pele ea tanka ea Centurion e ile ea amoheloa - Mk 7; Mk 8 le Mk 9 , Ka 1958, ho ile ha hlaha mohlala o mocha - "Centurion" Mk 10, e hlometseng ka cannon ea 105-mm. Ho ea ka sehlopha se secha sa Senyesemane, litanka tsa Centurion li ne li khetholloa e le litanka tsa lithunya tse mahareng.

Tanka e kholo ea ntoa ea Olifant

"Lekholo" la Mk 13

Mohaho o cheselitsoeng oa tanka ea Centurion Mk 3 o ne o entsoe ka tšepe e phuthoang e nang le tšekamelo e utloahalang ea lipoleiti tsa lihlomo tsa nko. Lipoleiti tse ka mahlakoreng tsa sekepe li ne li e-na le tšekamelo e nyenyane ka ntle, e leng se ileng sa etsa hore ho be bonolo ho beha ho fanyeha ho tlosoa ho tloha mokotleng. E le ho tšehetsa tora, ho ile ha fanoa ka likatoloso tsa sebaka seo. Mahlakore a sekepe a ne a koahetsoe ka lisirele tse hlometseng. Tora e ne e lahleloa, ntle le marulelo, e neng e cheselitsoe ka li-welding tsa motlakase, 'me e entsoe ntle le tšekamelo e utloahalang ea libaka tse nang le lihlomo.

PS Leha ho le joalo, ho lokela ho hlokomeloa hore tanka e hlahisitsoeng ka holimo e ne e sebetsa le linaha tse ling tsa lefats'e - haholo-holo, lihlopha tsa lihlomo tsa Iseraele.

Lisebelisoa:

  • B. A. Kurkov, V. I. Murakhovsky, B. S. Safonov "Litanka tse ka sehloohong tsa ntoa";
  • G. L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia of World Tanks 1915 - 2000";
  • Christoper Chant "World Encyclopedia of the Tank";
  • Tanka e bohareng "Centurion" [Pokello ea lihlomo 2003'02];
  • Green Michael, Brown James, Vallier Christoph "Tanks. Lihlomo tsa tšepe tsa linaha tsa lefatše ”.

 

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