Ts'ebetso e khopisang ea Lvov-Sandomierz.

Litanka tsa Jeremane PzKpfw VI Tygrys le PzKpfw V Pantera, li thunngoe haufi le Drokhobych; Ukraine Bophirimela, August 1944

Liketso tse atlehileng tsa masole a Soviet Belarus li thehile maemo a matle bakeng sa tlhaselo ea 1944 Ukraine Front (1st UV) ka tsela ea Lviv-Sandomierz bohareng ba July 1. Ka la 25 May, leeto le ile la nka taelo ea 1st FI ho tloha Marshal Georgy Zhukov. Ivan Konev.

Qetellong ea lik'hilomithara tse 440, ho ea ka bophirimela ho Kovel, Tarnopol le Kolomyia, sehlopha sa sesole "Ukraine Leboea" tlas'a taelo ea Field Marshal Walter Model e ile ea hapa karolo e kholo ea mabotho a eona. E ne e kenyelletsa mabotho a litanka a Jeremane a 1st le 4th, hammoho le lebotho la 1 la Hungary, ka kakaretso lihlopha tse 34 tsa masea, likarohano tsa litanka tse 5, 1 motorized le 2 brigades ea masea. Hammoho e ne e le masole a fetang 600 6300 le liofisiri, lithunya le lithunya tse 900, litanka tse 4 le lithunya tse hlaselang. Ka nako e ts'oanang, likarolo tsa lepheo le letšehali la 1st Panzer Army li ne li le ka pele ho masole a 4th Belorussian Front. Lifofane tse 700 li ile tsa sebelisoa ho ts'ehetsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ireletso ea XNUMXth Air Fleet. Taelo ea Jeremane e ne e tšepile hore ka mabotho ana e tla tšoara karolo ea Ukraine matsohong a eona, hape e koahele litsela tse lebisang ka boroa ho Poland le Czechoslovakia, tse neng li le bohlokoa haholo moruong le leanong.

Kaha ba ile ba hlōloa bankeng e nepahetseng ea Ukraine 'me ba lebeletse "likotlo tse ncha tsa Stalinist", Majeremane a ile a matlafatsa le ho ntlafatsa maemo a bona a ho itšireletsa, haholo-holo ka tsela ea Lvov. Ho ile ha bōptjoa mela e meraro ea tšireletso ho eona, empa pele ho qaleha ha tlhaselo ea masole a Soviet Union ho ne ho lokiselitsoe tse peli feela, ho theha leano la tšireletso. Likarolo tse hlano tsa litanka, likarolo tse le 'ngoe tsa likoloi le tse tharo tsa masea li ile tsa sebeletsa sebakeng sa polokelo le balaoli ba mabotho le GA "Ukraine Leboea".

Opereishene ea ho qetela

Sebaka sa Pele sa Ukraine se ne se kenyelletsa: balebeli ba 1, 1 le bo 3, mabotho a bo5, a 13, a 18 le a 38, balebeli ba 60 le ba 1 le mabotho a litanka a bone, sesole sa moea sa 3, balebeli ba 4, sesole sa litanka sa bo2 le sa bo4, balebeli ba lipere ba 25 le ba bo 31. litopo. Corps, hammoho le Czechoslovak 1st Army Corps. Ka kakaretso, karolo e ka pele e ne e kenyelletsa likarohano tsa masea a 6, likarohano tse 1 tsa bapalami ba lipere, likarohano tse 74 tsa lithunya, karolo e le 'ngoe ea lithunya tsa lirokete tsa lithunya, lihlopha tse 6 tse entsoeng ka mechini, li-tanka tse 4, li-brigade tse 1 tse arohaneng, lihlopha tse 3 tse arohaneng tsa litanka le boits'oaro. lithunya tse phahamisitsoeng. - masole le liofisiri tse ka bang limilione tse 7, lithunya le lithunya tse 4, lirokete tsa lithunya tse 17, litanka tsa litanka tse 1,2 le lithunya tse ikemetseng tse 15, lifofane tsa ntoa tse 500. E ne e le sehlopha se seholo ka ho fetisisa sa pele ho tsohle tse entsoeng ho fihlela joale.

Sehlopha sa masole a sesole sa Hungary se feta koloing ea molaoli oa GA "Northern Ukraine" Field Marshal Walter Model.

Mabapi le ts'ebetso e lebeletsoeng, Molaoli ea Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa o ile a tšoara seboka se khethehileng Kremlin ka la 23 June, moo Konev a ileng a tlaleha ka qeto ea hae ea ho qala likotlo tse peli: ka Lvov le Ravsko-Rusyn. Sena se ile sa etsa hore ho khonehe ho arola sehlopha sa ntoa sa GA "Ukraine Leboea", ho pota-pota le ho timetsa sera sebakeng sa Brody. Morero o ile oa etsa hore Stalin a se ke a hlola a e-ba teng, ea neng a nka hore ha ho na thuso ho qhala mabotho libakeng tse kholo. "Mookameli" o ile a laela ho otla hanngoe - Lvov, a tsetela matla a hae le mekhoa ea hae ho eona.

Pere e ile ea thothomela, e pheha khang ea hore ho otla ka nģa e le 'ngoe ho tla lumella sera ho laola maqiti a maqiti le enjene sebakeng se boloketsoeng le ho tsepamisa lifofane tsohle sebakeng se le seng. Ntle le moo, tlhaselo ea e 'ngoe ea lihlopha tsa seteraeke lekaleng le nang le liqhobosheane ka ho fetesisa e ke ke ea lebisa katlehong ea ts'ireletso, empa e le hore ho be le katleho e manganga ea mela e latellanang ea ts'ireletso mme e ke ke ea theha bokhoni bo boholo ba ts'ebetso. Qetellong, molaoli ea ka pele o ile a sireletsa maikutlo a hae. Ka la 24 Phuptjane, Stalin o ile a amohela moralo oa ts'ebetso o hlahisitsoeng ke ba pele, empa ha a arohana, o ile a re: Hopola, Konev, hore ts'ebetso e lokela ho tsamaea hantle mme e tlise sephetho se lebelletsoeng.

Mosebetsi oa pele e ne e le: ho phunyeletsa GA "Ukraine Leboea", ho qeta ho lokolloa ha Ukraine le ho fetisetsa bora sebakeng sa Poland. Ts'ebetso e ile ea etsoa ka tšebelisano 'moho le mabotho a 1st Belorussian Front a ntse a tsoela pele ho Lublin. E ne e lokela ho otla ka matla a mabeli lepheong le letona le bohareng ebe e roba karolo e ka pele ka likarolo tse peli, lik'hilomithara tse 60-70 ho tloha ho tse ling. Ea pele e ne e lokela ho etsoa ho tloha sebakeng se ka bophirimela ho Lutsk ka tataiso ea Sokal le Rava Russkaya, ea bobeli - ho tloha sebakeng sa Tarnopol ho ea Lvov, ka mosebetsi oa ho hlōla sehlopha sa Lvov sa Majeremane, ho hapa Lvov le qhobosheane ea Przemysl.

Lebotho la seteraeke le neng le le tseleng ea Lutsk le ne le kenyelletsa: Sesole sa Boraro sa Balebeli ba Gordov Vasily Grigorievich, Lebotho la bo3 la Lieutenant General Nikolai Pavlovich Pukhov, Lebotho la Pele la Balebeli ba Tanka la Mokolonele General Katukov M.E., Sehlopha sa Bahlabani ba Lipere (se nang le Sehlopha sa Bo-13 sa Tank). le 1st Guards Cavalry Corps) tlas'a taelo ea Lieutenant General Viktor Baranov. Tlhaselo ena e ne e tšehetsoa ke lihlopha tse 'nè tsa lifofane tsa 25nd Air Army.

"Setebele" se neng se lokela ho otla ka lehlakoreng la Lvov se ne se kenyelletsa: Lebotho la bo60 la Colonel General Pavel A. Kurochkin, Lebotho la bo38 la Colonel General Kirill Sergeevich Moskalenok, Lebotho la 3 la Balebeli ba Tank ea Colonel General Pavel Rybalka , 4th Army: Tank Army of Lieutenant General Dmitry Lkhatenko, Cavalry Mechanized Group of Lieutenant General Sergei Sokolov e nang le: 31st Tank Corps le 6th Guards Cavalry Corps. Tšehetso ea moea e ile ea fanoa ke lihlopha tse hlano tsa moea.

Lebothong la seteraeke le ntseng le tsoela pele ho Lutsk, le ne le lokela ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho likarohano tse 12 tsa lithunya, litopo tse peli tsa litanka, mochini o le mong le bapalami ba lipere, likarolo tse peli tsa lithunya tsa katleho - lithunya le lithunya tse 14, litanka tse 3250 le lithunya tse ikemetseng. lithunya tse itšebetsang, lifofane tse 717. Karolong ea lik'hilomithara tse 1300 tsa Lvov, likarohano tse 14 tsa masea, litanka tse 'nè, lihlopha tse peli tsa mechine le sehlopha se le seng sa bapalami, hammoho le likarohano tse peli tsa lithunya - lithunya le lithunya tse 15, litanka tse 3775 le lithunya tse ikemetseng, lifofane tsa 1084 li ne li lokela ho otla. .

Ka letsatsi la bohlano la ts'ebetso, Balebeli ba 3 le Mabotho a 4 a Tank, litlhaselong tse tebileng ka boroa le ka leboea ho Lvov, ba ile ba fihla moeling oa Nemirov-Yavorov, sebaka se selelele ka bophirimela ho motse.

Ka lehlakoreng le letšehali la ka pele, lithabeng tsa Carpathians, masole a 1st Guards Army, Colonel General Andrei Grechka le 18th Army, Lieutenant General Evgeny Petrovich Zhuravlev ba ne ba eme. Ho nka monyetla ka katleho ea baahelani ba eona, lebotho la Bagerike, le thehile sehlopha sa lihlopha tse hlano tsa masole a maoto le 4th Guards Tank Corps, se ne se lokela ho tsoela pele ho hlasela, ho tšoara borokho sebakeng sa Galich, kahoo se koahela liketso tsa masole a lebile Lvov. Lebotho la Zhuravlev, le neng le sebetsa ka boroa ho Dniester, le ne le e-na le mosebetsi oa ho tšoara meeli e hapiloeng le ho itokisetsa tlhaselo ea Stanislavov.

Sebakeng se ka pele ho ne ho e-na le Sesole sa Bohlano sa Balebeli (likarolo tse robong) tsa Mokolonele-General Alexei Sergeevich Zhadov, ea fetisitsoeng ho tloha 5nd Ukraine Front, hammoho le 2th Rifle Corps ka taelo ea Ntlo-khōlō ea Lekhotla le Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa.

Ha ba se ba qalile tlhaselo, lihlopha tsa literaeke li ne li lokela ho hlola mabotho a ka sehloohong a lira, 'me karolo ea mabotho a bona e ne e lokela ho kheloha tsela e pota-potileng le ho senya lihlopha tsa Jeremane sebakeng sa Brody. Ka mor'a moo ba ne ba lokela ho hapa motse, ba ntlafatse sebaka se khopisang le ho feta Lvov ho tloha leboea le boroa-bophirimela. Ka letsatsi la bohlano la ts'ebetso, ho ne ho reriloe ho fihla moeling: Hrubieszow - Tomaszow - Nemirov - Yavoruw - Radlów. Mokhahlelong oa bobeli oa ts'ebetso, seteraeke se ile sa fetisetsoa ho tataiso ea Sandomierz ho qobella Vistula le ho theha borokho bo boholo ba ts'ebetso haufi le Sandomierz. Ha e le hantle, ho hlophisoa ha selikalikoe ho ne ho amahanngoa le mathata a bohlokoa, kaha karolo e ka pele molaong oa ho romelloa ha lihlopha tse ts'oarellang li otlolohile ka mokhoa o otlolohileng, ntle le ho khumama leha e le efe.

Ka la 10 July, Ntlo-khōlō e ile ea qetella e amohetse moralo oa tšebetso. Ho ile ha boela ha fanoa ka taelo ea ho sebelisa mabotho a hlometseng le sehlopha sa bapalami ba lipere ho phunyeletsa tšireletso, 'me lipelaelo li ile tsa hlahisoa ka monyetla oa ho tšela sebaka seo ka maoto ka lebelo la lik'hilomithara tse 35 ka letsatsi, joalokaha Konev a ikemiselitse. Molaoli ea ka pele o ile a qobelloa ho lumellana le ho etsa liphetoho morerong oa tšebeliso ea mabotho a hlometseng: joale ba ne ba lokela ho tlisoa ntoeng letsatsing la bobeli la ts'ebetso ka mor'a hore mabotho a kopaneng a libetsa a phunyeletse sebaka sa tšireletso sa sera.

E le ho thibela boitokiso ba ts'ebetso, ntlo-kholo e ka pele e ile ea theha moralo oa ts'ebetso oa ho pata, o neng o fana ka setšoantšo sa lihlopha tse peli tsa mabotho le sesole sa tanka ka lehlakoreng le letšehali la ka pele, lihlopha tsa 1st Guards Army le lebotho la sesole. 18th Army. Ka hona, mohlala o moholo oa ho tsamaisa seporo sa litanka le lithunya tse ikemetseng li ile tsa qala, libaka tsa ho theola lihlopha tse hlometseng li ile tsa etsisoa, litsela tsa leeto la bona ho ea libakeng tsa mahloriso li ile tsa hlalosoa, 'me mangolo a matla a etsoa moeeng. Palo e kholo ea mefuta ea litanka, likoloi, lithunya le lisebelisoa tse ling li ile tsa bontšoa libakeng tsa fake. Libaka tsa lifofane tsa bohata tse nang le lifofane tse somang li ne li koahetsoe ka linotlolo tsa mosebetsi oa bahlabani ho hatisa bonnete ba tsona. Lihlopha tsa boipiletso li ile tsa emisa libakeng tse ngata tsa bolulo, li khetha libaka tsa ho amohela "ntlo-khōlō le masole a fihlang."

Likepe tsa litanka tsa Hungary le tsa Jeremane tse nang le PzKpfw VI Ausf. E Nkoe; Ukraine Bophirimela, July 1944

Ho sa tsotellehe tšebeliso ea mekhoa e thata ka ho fetisisa ea ho ikhakanya, ho ne ho sa khonehe ho thetsa sera ka ho feletseng. Majeremane a ne a lebelletse tsoelo-pele ea masole a 1st Ukraine Front, haholo-holo a lebile Lviv, moo libaka tsa ts'ebetso li neng li rometsoe teng - 1st Panzer Corps (8th le 20th Panzer Divisions le 1st Motorized Division) ea General Herman Breit. Ba hloaile boemo le sebopeho sa mabotho a kopaneng a lihlomo, ba khetha litsela tsa literaeke tse tlang, le mehato e reriloeng, haholo-holo ho ikhulela moleng oa bobeli oa ts'ireletso haufi le karolo e kholo ea karolo e ka pele. Molaoli oa Lebotho la 160 la Panzer, General Erhard Raus, o ile a hopola hore o ne a tseba ka ho nepahala ho lekaneng tataiso ea tlhaselo e kholo ea Rusyn, eo li-sappers tsa hae li ileng tsa beha batho ba 200 ho tsona. merafo e thibelang basebetsi le merafo ea anti-tank e likete tse XNUMX. Ho ikhula ka sekhukhu, ho hanyetsa ka manganga ka botebo, litlhaselo ntle le tieho ho sebelisa mekhoa ea lebelo le phahameng - joalo e ne e le maqheka a tšireletso ea Jeremane. Ke nako feela e neng e sa tsejoe, molaoli oa sesole o ile a ntša mabotho a hae moleng oa pele oa tšireletso ka masiu a mararo a latellanang, eaba o ba laela hore ba khutlele moleng oo pele o neng o hapiloe. Ke 'nete hore ba ile ba hlōleha ho lemoha ho romelloa bocha ha lebotho la litanka la Katukov ka boroa ho Lutsk.