Bakhanni ba Toyota Harrier
Tse ka hare
Lilemo tse tharo pele ho bofelong ba lekholo la bo300 la lilemo, Toyota Motor Corporation e ile ea hlahisa koloi e ncha ho bakhanni ba likoloi. E tsejoa hohle "lefatšeng la ho khanna ka letsoho le letona" e le Lexus RXXNUMX, Japane e ne e ngotsoe Harrier. Ena ke SUV ea sehlopha sa crossover ea boholo bo bohareng (koloi ea ts'ebeliso ea lipapali) - teraka e bobebe ea Amerika Leboea bakeng sa tšebeliso ea letsatsi le letsatsi. Ka lebaka la mofuta o phahameng ka ho fetisisa oa ho koala molumo, o lekana le li-sedans tsa maemo a khoebo.
Histori ea pōpo le tlhahiso
Ha e le hantle ha e se SUV, Harrier, leha ho le joalo, e na le sebaka se ikemetseng sa ho emisoa le ho ts'oha. Ka phetoho e nang le lienjini tse tharo tsa litha e le nngwe, ho phaella moo, tsamaiso ea Active Engine Control Motion e kenngoa.
- Moloko oa 1 (1997-2003).
Liphetolelo tsa pele tsa crossover li ne li khetholloa ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea li-trim. Likoloi li ne li hlahisoa ka pele kapa ka mabili 'ohle, tse nang le mochine o ikemetseng oa lebelo le mane. Enjene ea motheo ea 2,2-litha e ile ea nka lilemo tse tharo, e fana ka tsela ka 2000 ho ea ho 2,4-litha e matla haholoanyane. Moloko oohle oa pele o ile oa nka enjene e 'ngoe, e leng V6 ea lithara tse tharo. 'Mele ka mor'a ho lokisoa ha oa ka oa fetoha. Moralo oa mabone a pele le grille o fetohile ka mokhoa o itseng.
- Moloko oa 2 (2004-2013).
Ka lilemo tse robong, koloi e bile le liphetoho tse sa tšoaneng ka makhetlo a mangata. Lintlafatso tse kholo li ne li amana le setsi sa motlakase. V6 e nang le bophahamo ba lilithara tse 3,0. e nketsoe sebaka ke enjene e matla le ho feta ea 3,5-lithara. O ile a khona ho hlahisa matla a 280 hp. Ka mor'a feshene ea lefats'e, ka 2005 Toyota e ile ea hlahisa lebasetere 'marakeng, setsi sa matla se kenyeletsang enjene ea peterole ea 3,3-lithara, enjene ea motlakase le CVT.
- Moloko oa 3 (ho tloha 2013).
Baokameli ba Toyota ha baa ka ba etsa Harrier e ncha ka mokhoa oa ho romela thepa. E fumaneha feela ho rekoa Japane. Bongata ba likoloi tsena bo lula lihlekehlekeng, Bochabela bo Hōle ba Federation ea Russia le linaheng tsa Asia Boroa-bochabela. Mofuta oa mantlha o na le enjene e hlahisang 151 hp. (2,0 l.), Le variator e se nang mohato. Lebasetere le ne le "khaotsoe" ho tloha ho 3,3 ho isa ho 2,5 lilithara, ho fokotsa matla ho 197 hp. Koloi e fumaneha ho bareki feela ka mofuta o nang le mabili ohle le phapang ea setsi sa ho notlela ka boiketsetso.
Ho tloha qalong ea tlhahiso, Harrier o hopotsa lefats'e la likoloi ka ntja e matla le e ntle ea mefuta e metle. Lintlha tsohle tse ho eona li lokisoa hantle le ka makhethe. Tseleng, koloi e bonts'a ts'ebetso e ntle haholo le matla a ho potlakisa / braking mode. Sebaka se phahameng sa fatše le boholo ba mabili a maholo se u lumella ho se sebelisa litseleng tsa Russia e le koloi e sa tsamaeeng.
Enjine bakeng sa Toyota Harrier
Karolo e ikhethang ea mefuta ea premium ea mefuta e fapaneng ea Toyota ke khetho e nepahetseng haholo ea lienjineri. Lethathamo lena le khetholloa ke palo e nyenyane haholo ea lihlopha tse matla, tse ka tšeptjoang. Bongata ba bona bo tsepamisitse maikutlo ho lienjine tsa li-cylinder tse tšeletseng tse nang le phallo e kholo. Ka lilemo tse 20 tsa tlhahiso ea Harrier, ho ile ha lokisetsoa lienjineri tse robeli feela: peterole kaofela, ntle le li-turbocharger. Joalo ka li-crossover tse ling tse ngata, ha ho na li-diesel moleng oa enjine ea Harrier.
| Ho tshwaya | Tšoaea | Bophahamo, cm 3 | Matla a phahameng, kW / hp | Sisteme ea matla |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1MZ-FE | peterole | 2994 | 162/220 | DOHC |
| 5S-FE | -: - | 2164 | 103/140 | DOHC, Twin-cam |
| 2AZ-FE | -: - | 2362 | 118/160 | DOHC |
| 2GR-FE | -: - | 3456 | 206/280 | -: - |
| 3MZ-FE | -: - | 3310 | 155/211 | DOHC |
| 2AR-FXE | -: - | 2493 | 112/152 | ente e ajoang |
| 3ZR-FAE | -: - | 1986 | 111/151 | ente ea elektroniki |
| 8AR-FTS | -: - | 1998 | 170/231 | DOHC |
Joalo ka mehla, lienjineri tsa Toyota li bonts'a maemo a phahameng a ho fapanyetsana: lenane la mehlala eo mohala oa Harrier oa lienjineri tse tukang ka hare o kentsoeng o kenyelletsa likarolo tse 34. Ka holim'a tsohle, 2AZ-FE e ne e sebelisoa - makhetlo a 15. Empa enjene ea 8AR-FTS, ntle le Harrier, e kentsoe feela ho Crown.
| Enjene | 1MZ-FE | 5S-FE | 2AZ-FE | 2GR-FE | 3MZ-FE | 2AR-FXE | 3ZR-FAE | 8AR-FTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Limilione | * | |||||||
| alphard | * | * | * | * | ||||
| Avalon | * | * | * | |||||
| Sephetho | * | |||||||
| lehare | * | * | ||||||
| C-HR | * | |||||||
| Camry | * | * | * | * | * | * | ||
| Camry Grace | * | |||||||
| Sele | * | |||||||
| Corolla | * | |||||||
| Crown | * | |||||||
| Ananela | * | * | * | |||||
| Esquire | * | |||||||
| Tšitiso | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * |
| gogo | * | * | * | * | ||||
| Ipsum | * | |||||||
| moonjeehye | * | |||||||
| Smart V | * | * | * | |||||
| Mark II Wagon Quality | * | * | ||||||
| Mareka II X Malome | * | * | ||||||
| Matrix | * | |||||||
| Noe | * | |||||||
| Moputso | * | |||||||
| Mong'a | * | |||||||
| RAV4 | * | * | * | |||||
| Lere la borena | * | |||||||
| Sienna | * | * | * | |||||
| HLALELE | * | * | * | * | ||||
| Vanguard | * | * | ||||||
| Mollo oa mollo | * | * | * | |||||
| Otla | * | |||||||
| Tlosa | * | |||||||
| Fesetere | * | |||||||
| Lethathamo | * | |||||||
| Kakaretso: | 12 | 7 | 15 | 13 | 6 | 5 | 11 | 2 |
Enjene e tsebahalang haholo bakeng sa likoloi tsa Harrier
Khafetsa ho feta tse ling, ka litlhophiso tse fapaneng tse fetang 30, e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe, ho kentsoe li-motors tse peli:
- 1MZ-FE.
Enjene ea pele lethathamong la MZ e entsoe e le 3 litre V6 e nang le li-camshaft tse peli. E ne e nkela sebaka sa li-unit tsa VZ tsa khale. Ka 1996, sehlopha sa nts'etsopele se ile sa fuoa Lienjineri tse 10 tse Molemohali tsa Ward. Ka enjene ea 220 hp. ho sebelisoa valve ea 'mele e habeli. Karolo e le 'ngoe ea ho kenya letsoho e entsoe ka aluminium.
Ho sebelisoa mefuta e 'meli ea lisebelisoa tsa motlakase. Ea pele e na le taolo ea nako ea valve ea VVTi e kentsoeng sebakeng se kenang. Mofuta oa bobeli o sebelisa likhoele tsa mofuta oa elektroniki.
Phetoho ea lienjineri tsa moruo le tsa sejoale-joale ho elella bofelong ba lilemo tsa bo-90 tsa lekholo la XX e ile ea qalisoa ke Toyota Corporation ka lebaka la lethathamo le tsotehang la litletlebo tsa basebelisi:
- ka mor'a ho matha lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 200. tšebeliso ea oli e eketseha haholo;
- ts'epahalo e tlase ea li-sensor tse kokotang;
- "ho sesa" ha liphetohelo ka lebaka la tšilafalo e potlakileng ea molaoli oa mekhahlelo;
- ho thehoa ha lera le bohlokoa la soot marakong a ho kenya le ho ntša metsi.
Leha ho le joalo, leha ho na le lethathamo le lelelele la mefokolo, enjene e ne e le har'a tse leshome tse holimo lefatšeng sehlopheng sa eona. E 'ngoe ea melemo ea eona e ka sehloohong ke ho hloka lerata le ho tšepahala ha mosebetsi.
- 3ZR-FAE.
Enjene ea bobeli e sebelisoang haholo bakeng sa mofuta oa mabili ohle a Harrier crossover. E kentsoe ka litlhophiso tse fapaneng tse 30. E 'ngoe ea likarolo tse tsoetseng pele ka ho fetisisa tsa likoloi tsa lilemo tse leshome tsa bobeli tsa lekholo le lecha la lilemo li entsoe ka 2008. Karolo e ikhethang ea mohlala ke ho ba teng ha litsamaiso tse peli tse fapaneng tsa ho fetola nako ea li-valve - Valtematic le DualVVTi. Morero oa ho sebelisa moralo o mocha ke ho eketsa bophelo ba mefuta e mengata ea ho ja le ho ntlafatsa tšebeliso ea mafura.
Ka thuso ea yuniti ea elektronike ea moralo o mocha, baenjiniere ba ile ba rera ho etsa hore mokhoa oa ho fetola phahamiso ea valve ea enjene e be bonolo. Tsela e 'ngoe ea ho ntlafatsa tshebetso ea enjene e ne e le ho ntlafatsa moralo oa crankshaft le hydraulic compensator.
Leha ho na le moralo o tsoetseng pele, lenane le khuts'oane la liphoso tsa enjine le tletse khafetsa litletlebong:
- oli ea setso "zhor". Liforamong, bakhanni ba ile ba hlophisa tlholisano ea hore na ke mang ea nang le palo ena e phahameng ho latela 1000 km. matha;
- ho hloleha khafetsa ha yuniti ea elektroniki ea Valtematic;
- ho hlōleha ha pompo ka mor'a hore leqeba la lik'hilomithara tse likete tse mashome a mahlano ka lebelo la lebelo;
- ho pheha ka potlako ha marako a mefuta e mengata ea ho noa, ponahalo ea "liphetoho" tse phaphametseng.
Empa ho tšepahala ha mosebetsi ka boleng bo nepahetseng le makhetlo a mangata a liteko tsa thibelo ha ho khotsofatse. lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 300. e feta ka khutso.
Khetho e phethahetseng ea koloi bakeng sa Harrier
Ho khetha khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea powertrain bakeng sa Toyota Harrier SUV ke phehisano ea khale lipakeng tsa matla le bohlasoa ka lehlakoreng le leng, le ho ts'epa ka ho le leng. Mokhanni ea ikemiselitseng ho sebelisa crossover ena e pholileng e le SUV ka potlako o tla "bolaea" enjene efe kapa efe, esita le e thata ka ho fetisisa. Ka hona, motho o lokela ho tsoela pele ka molao-motheo oa "khauta e bolelang". Kaha, ho ea ka kananelo e akaretsang ea ba neng ba sebelisa ka mafolofolo Harrier le dienjini tse fapaneng, 2,2-2,4 lilithara. ho bua 'nete ha hoa lekana bakeng sa hae, o ka emisa khetho ho enjene ea 3,3-liter 3MZ-FE.
Ena ke mofuta o ntlafalitsoeng oa baemeli ba pejana ba letoto - 1MZ-FE le 2MZ-FE. Ntle le selaoli sa nako ea nako ea li-valve tsa elektroniki sa VVTi ka tloaelo se kentsoeng ka seketsoaneng, mochini oa enjene o ile oa sebelisa mochini oa ETCSi throttle valve le mefuta e fapaneng ea bolelele bo fapaneng.
Molemo o moholo oa koloi ena ke litšenyehelo tsa eona tse tlaase ha li bapisoa le lihlopha tse ling tsa Toyota lilemong tseo. Karolo e ka sehloohong ea li-unit le likarolo li lahleloa ho tloha ho alloy e khanyang le e tšoarellang ea aluminium. Li-piston tsa Cast li koahetsoe ka motsoako oa polymer o thibelang likhohlano ho eketsa bophelo ba ts'ebeletso.
Li-valve li entsoe ka tsela ea hore haeba lebanta la nako le robeha, monyetla oa ho thulana ha tsona le lipiston o fokola haholo.
Nako ea tšebeletso ea koloi ke lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 15. Nakong ea tlhahlobo ea thibelo, ho bohlokoa ho etsa:
- hlahloba ho tsoa ha oli;
- tlhahlobo ea komporo;
- ho nkela sebaka sa lisebelisoa tsa moea (nako e le 'ngoe ho lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 1);
- ho hloekisa nozzle.
Ba sebelisitseng liphetolelo tsa morao tsa enjene ba ananetse ntlafatso e khōlō ea moetso. Ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sistimi ea detonation, sensor e bataletseng ea moralo o mocha e kentsoe. Mohloli oa mokhoa oa ho tsamaisa khase o phahame haholo ho feta oa mehlala ea khale, ka lebaka la tšebeliso ea tšepe ha ho etsoa li-camshafts.
Lethathamo la mefokolo ea lona e khutšoanyane haholo - tšebeliso e phahameng ea mafura le oli. Ka kakaretso, enjene ea 3MZ-FE V e nang le li-cylinder tse tšeletseng e nkoa e le e 'ngoe ea tse tšepahalang ka ho fetisisa lekholong le lecha la lilemo. Ho na le e le 'ngoe feela "empa: Harrier e nang le enjene ea 3MZ-FE, joalo ka crossover efe kapa efe, e khetha haholo ka mokhoa oa ho khanna. Libakeng tsa sephethephethe sa litoropo, tšebeliso ea mafura e ka nyolohela ho lilithara tse 22 / 100 km.
