Lithaere tsa mariha. Li hlokahala hokae Europe?

Ho ntse ho na le lipuisano mabapi le hore na ho fetola thaere ka linako tse itseng e lokela ho ba tlamo naheng ea rona kapa che. Mekhatlo ea indasteri - ka ho utloahalang - e ka rata ho hlahisa mosebetsi o joalo, bakhanni ba na le lipelaelo ka khopolo ena 'me ho e-na le hoo ba bua ka "kutloisiso e tloaelehileng". Hona ho shebahala joang Europe?

Linaheng tse 29 tsa Europe tse hlahisitseng tlhokahalo ea ho khanna ka lithaere tsa mariha kapa tsa nako eohle, moetsi oa molao o bolela nako kapa maemo a melao e joalo. Bongata ba tsona ke matsatsi a khalendara - melao e joalo e teng linaheng tse ka bang 16. Ke linaha tse 2 feela tse nang le tlamo ena ho latela maemo a litsela. Ho bonts'a letsatsi la kopo tabeng ena ke tharollo e molemo ka ho fetisisa - ena ke tokisetso e hlakileng le e nepahetseng e sieang lipelaelo. Ho ea ka Mokhatlo oa Liindasteri oa Tire oa Poland, melao e joalo e boetse e lokela ho hlahisoa Poland ho tloha ka la 1 Tšitoe ho isa la 1 Hlakubele. 

Ke hobane'ng ha ho kenyelletsoa ha tlhokahalo e joalo ho fetola ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe? Hobane bakhanni ba na le nako e behiloeng ka ho hlaka, 'me ha ho hlokahale hore ba ipotse hore na ba fetole lithaere kapa che. Naheng ea Poland, letsatsi lena la leholimo ke la 1 Tšitoe. Ho tloha ka nako eo, ho latela lintlha tsa nako e telele tse tsoang Setsing sa Meteorology le Tsamaiso ea Metsi, mocheso ho pholletsa le naha o ka tlase ho likhato tse 5-7 tsa C - mme ona ke moeli ha ho ts'oaroa hantle ha lithaere tsa lehlabula ho fela. Esita le haeba mocheso o le haufi le likhato tse 10-15 tsa Celsius ka matsatsi a 'maloa, lithaere tsa morao-rao tsa mariha li ke ke tsa e-ba kotsi haholo ka ho theoha ho latelang ha mocheso oa lithaere tsa nako eohle, ho hatisa Piotr Sarnecki, CEO oa Polish Tire Industry Association (PZPO) . ).

Linaheng tseo ho tsona ho hlokahalang lithaere tsa mariha, monyetla oa kotsi ea sephethephethe o fokotsehile ka karolelano ea 46% ha e bapisoa le ho sebelisa lithaere tsa lehlabula maemong a mariha, ho latela phuputso ea Komisi ea Europe mabapi le likarolo tse khethiloeng tsa polokeho ea mabili.

Tlaleho ena e boetse e paka hore ho hlahisoa ha tlhokahalo ea molao ea ho khanna lithaere tsa mariha ho fokotsa palo ea likotsi tse bolaeang ka 3% - 'me sena ke ka karolelano feela, kaha ho na le linaha tse tlalehiloeng ho fokotseha ha palo ea likotsi ka 20%. . Linaheng tsohle moo ho hlokahalang lithaere tsa mariha, sena se boetse se sebetsa ho lithaere tsa nako eohle ka tumello ea mariha (letšoao la snowflake khahlanong le thaba).

Litlhoko tsa mabili a mariha Europe: 

molao oa tsamaiso	Sebaka
boikarabelo ba khalendara (e hlalosoa ka matsatsi a fapaneng)	Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Sweden, Finland Belarus, Russia, Norway, Serbia, Bosnia le Herzegovina, Moldova, Macedonia, Turkey
E tlamang e itšetlehile feela ka maemo a leholimo	Jeremane, Luxembourg
Boitlamo bo tsoakiloeng ba almanaka le boemo ba leholimo	Austria, Croatia, Romania, Slovakia
Boitlamo bo behiloeng ke matšoao	Spain, Fora, Italy
Boitlamo ba mokhanni ho fetola koloi ho ea mariha le liphello tsa lichelete tsa kotsi e nang le lithaere tsa lehlabula	Switzerland le Liechtenstein

Poland ke eona feela naha ea EU e nang le boemo ba leholimo bo joalo, moo melaoana e sa faneng ka tlhokahalo ea ho khanna mariha kapa lithaere tsa nako eohle maemong a hoetla-mariha. Liphuputso, tse tiisitsoeng ke se hlokometsoeng lithupelong tsa likoloi, li bontša hore ho fihla ho 1/3, ke hore, bakhanni ba ka bang limilione tse 6, ba sebelisa lithaere tsa lehlabula mariha. Sena se fana ka maikutlo a hore ho lokela ho ba le melao e hlakileng - ho tloha letsatsing lefe leo koloi e lokelang ho ba le lithaere tse joalo. Naha ea rona e na le palo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea likotsi tsa sephethephethe European Union. Batho ba fetang 3000 XNUMX ba ’nile ba shoa litseleng tsa Poland selemo se seng le se seng ka lilemo tse mashome a ’maloa, ’me ho bile le likotsi tse ka bang halofo ea milione le likotsi tsa mebileng. Bakeng sa lintlha tsena, kaofela re lefa likoloto ka litefiso tse ntseng li phahama tsa inshorense.

 

Lithaere tsa lehlabula ha li fane ka koloi e ts'oarellang hantle esita le litseleng tse omeletseng mochesong o ka tlase ho 7ºC - ebe motsoako oa rabara oa maoto a tsona oa thatafala, e leng ho mpefatsang ho ts'oara, haholo-holo litseleng tse metsi, tse thellang. Sebaka sa braking se lelefalitsoe mme monyetla oa ho fetisetsa torque holim'a tsela o fokotsehile haholo. Motsoako oa ho hatakela oa lithaere tsa mariha le tsa nako eohle o bonolo, 'me ka lebaka la silica, ha e thatafale ha mocheso o le tlase. Sena se bolela hore ha ba lahleheloe ke elasticity mme ba tšoara hantle ho feta lithaere tsa lehlabula ka mocheso o tlaase, esita le litseleng tse omeletseng, pula, haholo-holo lehloeng.

Bona hape. Opel Ultimate. Lisebelisoa life?

Liphetho tsa liteko li bontša kamoo lithaere tse lekaneng mocheso, mongobo le ho thella ha holim'a metsi li thusang mokhanni ho khanna koloi le ho tiisa phapang pakeng tsa lithaere tsa mariha le tsa lehlabula - eseng feela litseleng tse nang le lehloa, empa le litseleng tse metsi sebakeng se phodileng. sehla. mocheso oa hoetla le mariha:

• Tseleng ea lehloa ka lebelo la 48 km/h, koloi e nang le lithaere tsa mariha e tla fokotsa lebelo pele koloi e nang le lithaere tsa lehlabula ka limithara tse 31!
• Sebakeng se metsi ka lebelo la 80 km / h le mocheso oa + 6 ° C, sebaka sa ho emisa koloi ka lithaere tsa lehlabula e ne e le bolelele ba limithara tse 7 ho feta koloi ea lithaere tsa mariha. Likoloi tse tsebahalang haholo li bolelele ba limithara tse 4 feela. Ha koloi e nang le lithaere tsa mariha e emisa, koloi e nang le lithaere tsa lehlabula e ne e ntse e tsamaea ka lebelo le fetang 32 km/h.
• Sebakeng se metsi ka lebelo la 90 km / h le mocheso oa +2 ° C, sebaka sa ho emisa koloi e nang le lithaere tsa lehlabula e ne e le bolelele ba limithara tse 11 ho feta koloi e nang le lithaere tsa mariha.

Hopola hore lithaere tse amohelehang tsa mariha le tsa nako eohle ke lithaere tse nang le seo ho thoeng ke letšoao la Alpine - lehloa la lehloa khahlanong le thaba. Letšoao la M + S, le ntseng le fumanoa lithaereng kajeno, ke tlhaloso feela ea ho tšoaneleha ha ho hatakela seretse le lehloa, empa baetsi ba lithaere ba e abela ka boikhethelo ba bona. Lithaere tse nang le M+S feela empa ho se na letšoao la lehloa thabeng ha li na motsoako oa rabara o bonolo oa mariha, o bohlokoa haholo maemong a batang. M + S e ikemetseng ntle le letšoao la Alpine e bolela hore thaere ha se mariha kapa nako eohle.

Ke mosebetsi oa rona oa bohlophisi ho eketsa hore ho fokotseha ha thahasello ea bakhanni lithaereng tsa linako tsohle kapa tsa mariha ho bakoa ke maemo a leholimo a bileng teng ka lilemo tse 'maloa. Mariha a makhutšoane 'me lehloa le fokola ho feta pele. Ka hona, bakhanni ba bang ba nahana hore na ho molemo ho sebelisa lithaere tsa lehlabula selemo ho pota, ho nahanela kotsi e amanang le, mohlala, lehloa le boima, kapa ho etsa qeto ea ho reka sete e eketsehileng ea lithaere le ho li fetola. Ho hlakile hore ha re lumellane le lipalo tse joalo. Leha ho le joalo, ho ke ke ha khoneha ho se e hlokomele.

Hape re maketse hanyenyane hore ebe PZPO e fana ka tlhahiso ea ho hlahisa boikarabelo bona feela ho tloha ka December 1 ho ea ho March 1, ke hore, likhoeli tsa 3 feela. Mariha libakeng tsa rona a ka qala le pele ho la 1 Tšitoe 'me a qetella ka la 1 Hlakubele. Ho kenyelletsa tšebeliso e tlamang ea lithaere tsa mariha feela bakeng sa likhoeli tse 3, ka maikutlo a rona, ho ke ke ha khothaletsa bakhanni ho fetola lithaere feela, empa hape ho ka holofatsa lintlha tsa phetoho ea mabili. Sena se bakoa ke taba ea hore bakhanni, joalo ka ha 'nete e bontša, ba tla ema ho fihlela motsotso oa ho qetela bakeng sa phetoho ea thaere.

Bona hape: Mefuta e 'meli ea Fiat mofuta o mocha