Na ua tseba hore na likhutsufatso tsee li bolelang?

Likoloi tsa sejoale-joale li na le mefuta e fapaneng ea litsamaiso, mosebetsi oa mantlha oa tsona ke ho eketsa polokeho le boiketlo ba ho khanna. Ea ho qetela e hlalosoa ke litlhaku tse 'maloa tse khutsufalitsoeng tseo hangata li bolelang ho fokolang ho basebelisi ba tloaelehileng ba koloi. Sehloohong sena, re ke ke ra leka ho hlalosa moelelo oa bona feela, empa hape ho hlalosa molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso le sebaka sa likoloi tse fanoang ke baetsi ba likoloi ba tummeng ka ho fetisisa.

Tse tloaelehileng, empa na lia tsebahala?

E 'ngoe ea litsamaiso tse tloaelehileng le tse hlokomelehang tse amang polokeho ea ho khanna ke anti-lock brake system, i.e. ABS (eng. Anti-lock braking system). Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea oona o itšetlehile ka taolo ea ho potoloha ha mabili, e etsoang ke li-sensor. Haeba e 'ngoe ea tsona e tsamaea butle ho feta tse ling, ABS e fokotsa matla a ho tiisa ho qoba ho jamming. Ho tloha ka Phupu 2006, likoloi tsohle tse ncha tse rekisoang European Union, ho kenyeletsoa le Poland, li tlameha ho ba le lisebelisoa tsa ABS.

Sistimi ea bohlokoa e kentsoeng likoloing tsa sejoale-joale ke sistimi ea ho lekola khatello ea mabili. TPMS (ho tloha ho eng. Sistimi ea ho lekola khatello ea Tire). Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso o itšetlehile ka ho beha leihlo khatello ea lebili le ho lemosa mokhanni haeba e le tlase haholo. Sena se etsoa hangata ka li-sensor tsa khatello ea mohala tse kentsoeng ka har'a lithaere kapa li-valve, ka litemoso tse bonts'itsoeng ho dashboard (khetho e tobileng). Ka lehlakoreng le leng, phetolelong e bohareng, khatello ea thaere ha e lekanyetsoe ka mokhoa o tsoelang pele, empa boleng ba eona bo baloa ho latela li-pulses tse tsoang ho ABS kapa ESP systems. Melao ea Europe e entse hore li-sensor tsa khatello li tlamehe likoloing tsohle tse ncha ho qala ka November 2014 (pele TPMS e ne e le tlamo ho likoloi tse nang le lithaere tse mathang).

Sistimi e 'ngoe e tsebahalang e tlang e tloaelehileng likoloing tsohle ke Electronic Stability Programme, e khutsufalitsoeng ESP (jap. Lenaneo la elektroniki la botsitso). Mosebetsi oa eona o ka sehloohong ke ho fokotsa ho thella ha koloi ha e khanna makhabaneng a litsela. Ha lisensara li lemoha boemo bo joalo, tsamaiso ea elektronike e brake lebili le le leng kapa ho feta ho boloka tsela e nepahetseng. Ho feta moo, ESP e kena-kenana le taolo ea enjene ka ho fumana tekanyo ea lebelo. Tlas'a e tsebahalang khutsufatso ESP, tsamaiso e sebelisoa ke Audi, Citroen, Fiat, Hyundai, Jeep, Mercedes, Opel (Vauxhall), Peugeot, Renault, Saab, Skoda, Suzuki le Volkswagen. Tlas'a khutsufatso e 'ngoe - DSC, e ka fumanoa ka BMW, Ford, Jaguar, Land Rover, Mazda, Volvo likoloi (tlasa khutsufatso hanyenyane atoloswa - DSTC). Mantsoe a mang a ESP a ka fumanoang likoloing: VSA (e sebelisoang ke Honda), VSC (Toyota, Lexus) kapa VDC - Subaru, Nissan, Infiniti, Alfa Romeo.

Ha e tsejoe hakaalo empa e le ea bohlokoa

Joale ke nako ea litsamaiso tse lokelang ho ba koloing ea hau. E 'ngoe ea tsona ke ASR (ho tsoa ho English Acceleration Slip Regulation), ke. tsamaiso e thibelang ho thella ha lebili ha le qala. ASR e hanyetsana le ho thella ha mabili ao koloi e fetisetsoang ho eona, ho sebelisoa li-sensor tse khethehileng. Ha ea morao-rao e lemoha skid (slip) ea lebili le leng, tsamaiso ea e thibela. Ha ho na le axle skid kaofela, lisebelisoa tsa elektronike li fokotsa matla a enjene ka ho fokotsa lebelo.Mehleng ea khale ea likoloi, sistimi e ipapisitse le ABS, ha mefuteng e mecha, ESP e nkile mosebetsi oa sistimi ena. Mokhoa ona o loketse ka ho khetheha bakeng sa ho khanna maemong a mariha le bakeng sa likoloi tse nang le li-powertrain tse matla. E bitsoa ASR, tsamaiso ena e kenngoa ho Mercedes, Fiat, Rover le Volkswagen. Re le TCS, re tla kopana le eona Ford, Saab, Mazda le Chevrolet, TRC ho Toyota le DSC ho BMW.

Sistimi ea bohlokoa le e hlokahalang hape ke sistimi ea thuso ea braking ea tšohanyetso - BAS (ho tsoa ho English Brake Assist System). E thusa mokhanni maemong a sephethephethe a hlokang karabelo e potlakileng. Sistimi e hokahane le sensor e khethollang lebelo la ho hatella brake pedal. Ha ho e-na le karabelo ea tšohanyetso ho mokhanni, tsamaiso e eketsa khatello tsamaisong ea brake. Ka lebaka leo, matla a feletseng a braking a fihleloa kapele. Ka mofuta o tsoetseng pele haholoanyane oa sistimi ea BAS, mabone a kotsi a kentsoe tšebetsong kapa mabone a brake a benya ho lemosa bakhanni ba bang. Sistimi ena e se e ntse e eketseha e le tlatsetso e tloaelehileng ho sistimi ea ABS. BAS e kentsoe tlas'a lebitso lena, kapa BA ka bokhutšoanyane, likoloing tse ngata. Ka likoloi tsa Sefora, re ka boela ra fumana khutsufatso AFU.

Sistimi e ntlafatsang polokeho ea ho khanna, ehlile, le eona ke sistimi EBD (Eng. Electronic Brakeforce Distribution), e leng sekontiri sa kabo ea brake force. Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso o ipapisitse le ntlafatso ea othomathike ea matla a braking a mabili a motho ka mong, e le hore koloi e boloke pina e khethiloeng. Sena se na le thuso haholo-holo ha u fokotsa lebelo la li-curve tseleng. EBD ke sistimi e matlafatsang ea ABS eo maemong a mangata e leng e tloaelehileng mefuteng e mecha ea likoloi.

E loketse ho khothaletsoa

Har'a litsamaiso tse netefatsang ts'ireletso ea ho khanna, re ka boela ra fumana mekhoa e eketsang boiketlo ba maeto. E 'ngoe ea tsona ke ACC (Senyesemane adaptive cruise control), ke. cruise control e sebetsang. Ena ke taolo ea likepe e tsebahalang, e tlatselletsoang ke sistimi ea taolo ea lebelo e ikemetseng ho latela maemo a sephethephethe. Mosebetsi oa eona oa bohlokoa ke ho boloka sebaka se sireletsehileng ho tloha koloing e ka pele. Ka mor'a ho beha lebelo le itseng, koloi e fokotsa lebelo ka boeona haeba ho boetse ho e-na le mariki tseleng e ka pele, 'me e potlakisa ha e lemoha tsela e sa lefelloeng. ACC e boetse e tsejoa ka mabitso a mang. Mohlala, BMW e sebelisa lentsoe "active cruise control" ha Mercedes e sebelisa mabitso a Speedtronic kapa Distronic Plus.

Ha re sheba lifoldara tse nang le mefuta e mecha ea likoloi, hangata re fumana khutsufatso AFL (Adaptive Forward Lighting). Tsena ke li-headlights tse bitsoang adaptive headlights, tse fapaneng le mabone a tloaelehileng ka hore li u lumella ho khantša likhutlo. Mosebetsi oa bona o ka etsoa ka litsela tse peli: static le matla. Likoloing tse nang le mabone a tsitsitseng a likhutlong, ntle le mabone a tloaelehileng, mabone a tlatselletsang (mohlala, mabone a moholi) le ona a ka khatetsoa. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, lits'ebetsong tsa mabone a matla, lebone la lebone le latela metsamao ea lebili la setereng. Sistimi ea mabone a ho ikamahanya le maemo hangata a fumaneha maemong a trim a nang le mabone a bi-xenon.

Hape ke habohlokoa ho ela hloko tsamaiso ea temoso ea lane. Sistimi ea AFILhobane e mabapi le eona, e lemosa ka ho tšela tsela e khethiloeng u sebelisa lik'hamera tse ka pel'a koloi. Ba latela tsela ea sephethephethe, ba latela mela e tolotsoeng tseleng e katiloeng, e arolang litselana ka bomong. Ha ho e-na le ho thulana ntle le letšoao la ho reteleha, tsamaiso e lemosa mokhanni ka molumo kapa leseli le khanyang. Sistimi ea AFIL e kentsoe likoloing tsa Citroen.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, tlas'a lebitso Thuso ea Lane re ka e fumana ho Honda le likoloi tse fanoang ke sehlopha sa VAG (Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft).

Tsamaiso e lokelang ho khothaletsoa, ​​haholo-holo ho ba atisang ho tsamaea sebaka se selelele, ke Temoso ea mokhanni. Ena ke sistimi e behang leihlo mokhathala oa bakhanni ka ho lula e hlahlobisisa hore na tsela ea leeto le boreleli ba lebili la setereng li bolokoa joang. Ho itšetlehile ka boitsebiso bo bokelitsoeng, tsamaiso e lemoha boitšoaro bo ka 'nang ba bontša hore mokhanni o otsela, ka mohlala, ebe o ba lemosa ka leseli le molumo o utloahalang. Sistimi ea tlhokomeliso ea mokhanni e sebelisoa ho Volkswagen (Passat, Focus), le tlasa lebitso la Attention Assist - ho Mercedes (lihlopha tsa E le S).

Ke (hajoale) ke lisebelisoa feela…

'Me qetellong, litsamaiso tse' maloa tse ntlafatsang tšireletso ea ho khanna, empa li na le litšitiso tse sa tšoaneng - ho tloha ho theknoloji ho ea ho theko, ka hona li lokela ho tšoaroa - bonyane bakeng sa hona joale - e le lisebelisoa tse thahasellisang. E 'ngoe ea li-chips tsena BLIS (Senyesemane Blind Spot Information System), eo mosebetsi oa hae e leng ho lemosa ka boteng ba koloi ho seo ho thoeng ke. "Sebaka sa lifofu". Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea eona o itšetlehile ka sete ea lik'hamera tse kentsoeng liipone tse ka thōko 'me li kopantsoe le leseli le lemosang ka likoloi sebakeng se sa koaheloang ke liipone tse ka ntle. Sistimi ea BLIS e ile ea hlahisoa pele ke Volvo, 'me e se e fumaneha ho tsoa ho bahlahisi ba bang - le eona tlasa lebitso Thuso ka morao. Bothata bo ka sehloohong ba tsamaiso ena ke theko ea eona e phahameng: haeba u khetha khetho, mohlala ho Volvo, litšenyehelo tsa tefiso e eketsehileng ke hoo e ka bang. zloty.

tharollo e khahlisang le eona. Polokeho ea toropo, ke hore, mokhoa o itekanetseng oa braking. Maikutlo a hae ke ho thibela likhohlano kapa bonyane ho fokotsa liphello tsa tsona ho lebelo la 30 km / h. E sebetsa motheong oa li-radar tse kentsoeng koloing. Haeba e hlokomela hore koloi e ka pele e ntse e atamela ka potlako, koloi e tla itlama ka mariki. Le hoja tharollo ena e le molemo ho sephethephethe sa litoropo, bothata ba eona bo ka sehloohong ke hore e fana ka tšireletso e feletseng feela ka lebelo ho fihlela ho 15 km / h. Sena se lokela ho fetoha hang ha moetsi a re mofuta o latelang o tla fana ka tšireletso sebakeng sa lebelo la 50-100 km/h. City Safety ke maemo a Volvo XC60 (e sebelisitsoeng pele moo), hammoho le S60 le V60. Ford, tsamaiso ena e bitsoa Active City Stop 'me tabeng ea Focus e bitsa chelete e eketsehileng ea 1,6 sekete. PLN (e fumaneha feela ka mefuta e mengata ea Hardware).

Sesebelisoa se tloaelehileng ke mokhoa oa ho lemoha matšoao a sephethephethe. TSR (tsebiso ea lets'oao la sephethephethe la Senyesemane). Ena ke tsamaiso e hlokomelang matšoao a tsela le ho tsebisa mokhanni ka 'ona. Sena se nka mokhoa oa litemoso le melaetsa e bontšitsoeng ho dashboard. Sistimi ea TSR e ka sebetsa ka litsela tse peli: e ipapisitse le data e fumanoeng ho tsoa khamera e kentsoeng ka pele ho koloi, kapa ka foromo e atolositsoeng ka papiso ea data ho tsoa ho khamera le GPS navigation. Bothata bo boholo ka ho fetisisa ba mokhoa oa ho lemoha matšoao a sephethephethe ke ho se nepahale ha oona. Mokhoa ona o ka khelosa mokhanni, ka mohlala, ka ho bolela hore ho ka khoneha ho khanna ka lebelo le phahameng karolong e fanoeng ho feta e bontšitsoeng ke matšoao a sebele a litsela. Tsamaiso ea TSR e fanoa, har'a lintho tse ling, ho Renault Megane Gradcoupe e ncha (e tloaelehileng maemong a phahameng a trim). E ka boela ea fumanoa likoloing tse ngata tsa maemo a holimo, empa moo, ho kenngoa ha eona ka boikhethelo ho ka bitsa li-zloty tse likete tse 'maloa.

Ke nako ea ho qetela ea litsamaiso tsa "gadget" tse hlalositsoeng sehloohong sena, tseo - ke tlameha ho lumela - ke ne ke e-na le bothata bo boholo ka ho fetisisa ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho e arola ka mokhoa oa bohlokoa. Ena ke tumellano NV, hape e khutsufalitsoe NVA (ho tsoa ho English Night Vision Assist), e bitsoang tsamaiso ea pono ea bosiu. E tlameha ho nolofaletsa mokhanni ho bona tsela, haholo-holo bosiu kapa maemong a leholimo a mabe. Litharollo tse peli li sebelisoa litsamaisong tsa NV (NVA), tse sebelisang seo ho thoeng ke lisebelisoa tsa pono tsa bosiu tse sa sebetseng kapa tse sebetsang. Litharollo tse sa sebetseng li sebelisa leseli le fumanehang ka nepo. Literene tse sebetsang - lisebelisoa tse eketsehileng tsa IR. Maemong ana ka bobeli, lik'hamera li rekota setšoantšo. E ntan'o bontšoa holim'a li-monitor tse fumanehang ka har'a dashboard kapa ka ho toba fenstereng ea koloi ea koloi. Hona joale, litsamaiso tsa pono ea bosiu li ka fumanoa mefuteng e mengata ea maemo a holimo esita le ea bohareng e fanoang ke Mercedes, BMW, Toyota, Lexus, Audi le Honda. Ho sa tsotellehe taba ea hore ba eketsa polokeho (haholo-holo ha ba khanna ka ntle ho libaka tse nang le baahi ba bangata), drawback ea bona e kholo ke theko e phahameng haholo, ka mohlala, u tlameha ho lefa chelete e lekanang le ea ho khutlisa BMW 7 Series ka tsamaiso ea pono ea bosiu. joalo ka likete tse 10 tsa zł.

U ka fumana ho eketsehileng ka litsamaiso le litsamaiso tse sebelisoang likoloing tsa rona Bahloekisi ba likoloi: https://www.autocentrum.pl/motoslownik/