Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán I
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Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán I

Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán I

Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán ILaesense ea tanka e bobebe e fumanoe ho junifomo ea Sweden Landsverk. K'hamphani eona eo e ile ea kōptjoa ho etsa tanka e mahareng. Khampani ha ea ka ea sebetsana le mosebetsi oo ’me ka August 1940 Mahungary a ile a khaotsa ho kopana le eena. Ba ile ba leka ho fumana lengolo la tumello Jeremane, leo moifo oa sesole oa Hungary o ileng oa ea moo ka April 1939. Ka December, Majeremane a bile a kōptjoa hore a rekise litanka tse mahareng tsa 180 T-IV tsa Ntoa ea Bobeli ea Lefatše bakeng sa matšoao a limilione tse 27, leha ho le joalo, ba ile ba hana esita le ho fana ka bonyane tanka e le 'ngoe e le mohlala.

Ka nako eo, ho ne ho hlahisoa litanka tse fokolang tsa Pz.Kpfw IV, 'me ntoa e ne e se e ntse e tsoela pele' me "blitzkrieg" e ne e le ka pele Fora. Lipuisano le Italy bakeng sa thekiso ea tanka e bohareng ea M13/40 li ile tsa huleloa, 'me le hoja setšoantšo se ne se loketse ho romelloa ka August 1940,' muso oa Hungary o ne o se o fumane lengolo la tumello ho khampani ea Czech Skoda. Ho feta moo, Majeremane ka bobona a ile a romela litsebi tsa Hungary lifekthering tsa Czechoslovakia e neng e se e hapile. Ka February 1940, Molaoli ea Phahameng oa Lebotho la Wehrmacht Ground Forces (OKH) o ile a lumela ho rekisoa ha motho ea nang le phihlelo. Tanka ea Czech T-21 le lilaesense tsa tlhahiso ea eona.

Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán I

Tanka e mahareng T-21

"Turan ke". Histori ea pōpo.

Khale koana ka 1938, lifeme tse peli tsa Czechoslovak tse hahang litanka - ČKD e Prague le Skoda e Pilsen li ile tsa tla le merero ea tanka e mahareng. Li ne li bitsoa V-8-H le S-III, ka ho latellana. Sesole se ile sa khetha morero oa CKD, ho fa tanka e tlang lebitso la sesole LT-39. Leha ho le joalo, baqapi ba semela sa Škoda ba ile ba etsa qeto ea ho hlōla tlhōlisano 'me ba qala ho sebetsa tanka e ncha ea S-IIc, eo hamorao e ileng ea bitsoa T-21. Ha e le hantle e ne e le nts'etsopele ea tanka e khanyang ea 1935 S-IIa (kapa LT-35). Sesole sa Hungary se ile sa tloaelana le mochine ona ka March 1939, ha se hapa Czechoslovakia hammoho le Majeremane. Ka ho sebelisana le boeta-pele ba Jeremane, Mahungary a ile a fuoa karolo e ka bochabela ea naha - Transcarpathia. Moo, ho ile ha haptjoa litanka tse peli tse senyehileng tsa LT-35. Batho ba Hungary ba ne ba li rata haholo. 'Me Skoda, eo hona joale e sebeletsang Majeremane, e fumane mohlala o batlang o phethiloe oa tanka e mahareng T-35 e tšoanang le LT-21 (bonyane ho latela chassis). E le molemong oa T-21, litsebi tse tsoang Setsing sa Thepa ea Sesole (IVT) li ile tsa bua. Baokameli ba Skoda ba tšepisitse ho fana ka mohlala ho batho ba Hungary qalong ea 1940.

Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán I

Tanka LT-35

Lekala la Tšireletso la Hungary le ne le nahana ka ho reka litanka tse 180 k'hamphaning. Empa ka nako eo Skoda o ne a phathahane ho phethahatsa litaelo tsa Wehrmacht, 'me Majeremane a ne a sa thahaselle tanka ea T-21 ho hang. Ka April 1940, moifo oa sesole o ile oa ea Pilsen ho ea amohela kopi e behang mohlala, eo ka la 3 June, 1940 e ileng ea nkoa ka terene e tsoang Pilsen. Ka la 10 Phuptjane, tanka e ile ea fihla Budapest e sebelisoa ke IWT. Baenjiniere ba eona ba ne ba khetha ho hlomella tanka ka sethunya sa 40 mm sa Hungarian sebakeng sa sethunya sa 47 mm Czech A11 se neng se lokela ho ba sona. Cannon ea Hungarian e ile ea lokisetsoa ho kenngoa tanka ea liteko V.4... Liteko tsa T-21 li ile tsa phethoa ka la 10 Phupu ka pel'a Mongoli Kakaretso oa Ts'ireletso Barty.

Ho ile ha khothaletsoa ho eketsa botenya ba lihlomo ho 35 mm, ho kenya lithunya tsa mochini oa Hungarian, ho hlomella tanka ka cupola ea molaoli le ho etsa lintlafatso tse nyane. Ho ea ka maikutlo a Majeremane, litho tse tharo tsa basebetsi li ne li lokela ho amoheloa ka har'a turret ea tanka: molaoli oa tanka (ea lokolotsoeng ka ho feletseng ho boloka lithunya bakeng sa mesebetsi ea hae e tobileng: khetho ea sepheo le pontšo, melaetsa ea seea-le-moea, taelo), sethunya sa sethunya, motlatsi. Tora ea tanka ea Czech e ne e etselitsoe batho ba babeli. Tanka e ne e lokela ho amohela enjene ea Z-TURAN ea carbureted ea licylinder tse robeli ho tsoa fekthering ea Manfred Weiss. Ka la 11 July, tanka e ile ea bontšoa batsamaisi le baemeli ba lifeme tse neng li lokela ho e haha.

Tanka ea Hungary "Turan I"
Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán I
Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán I
Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán I
Tobetsa setšoantšo bakeng sa pono e kholoanyane

Tumellano ea ho qetela ea laesense e saennoe ka la 7 Phato. La 28 November tanka e mahareng 40.M. "Turan" e ile ea amoheloa. Empa le pejana, ka la 19 Loetse, Lekala la Ts'ireletso le ile la fana ka taelo ea litanka tse 230 ho lifeme tse 'ne tse ajoang ke lifeme: Manfred Weiss le MV 70 e' ngoe le e 'ngoe, MAVAG - 40, Ganz - 50.

Litšobotsi tse sebetsang le tsa theknoloji

Litanka tsa Hungary

Toldi-1

 
"Toldi" ke
Selemo sa tlhahiso
1940
Combat boima, t
8,5
Basebetsi, batho
3
Bolelele ba 'mele, limilimithara
4750
Bolelele ka sethunya pele, mm
 
Bophara, limilimithara
2140
Bophahamo, mm
1870
Boloka, mm
 
'Mele phatleng
13
Boto ea Hull
13
Tower phatleng (wheelhouse)
13 + 20
Marulelo le tlase ea sekepe
6
Armament
 
Letšoao la sethunya
36.M
Caliber ka mm / barrel bolelele ka li-calibers
20/82
Lithunya, lithunya
 
Palo le boholo (ka limilimithara) tsa lithunya tsa mochini
1-8,0
Sethunya sa mochini o thibelang sefofane
-
Lithunya bakeng sa lithunya tsa mochini, li-cartridges
 
Enjene, mofuta, mofuta
carb. "Busing Nag" L8V/36TR
Matla a enjene, hp
155
Lebelo le phahameng km / h
50
Phepelo ea mafura, l
253
Range tseleng e kholo, km
220
Karolelano ea khatello ea fatše, lik'hilograma / cm2
0,62

Toldi-2

 
"Toldi" II
Selemo sa tlhahiso
1941
Combat boima, t
9,3
Basebetsi, batho
3
Bolelele ba 'mele, limilimithara
4750
Bolelele ka sethunya pele, mm
 
Bophara, limilimithara
2140
Bophahamo, mm
1870
Boloka, mm
 
'Mele phatleng
23-33
Boto ea Hull
13
Tower phatleng (wheelhouse)
13 + 20
Marulelo le tlase ea sekepe
6-10
Armament
 
Letšoao la sethunya
42.M
Caliber ka mm / barrel bolelele ka li-calibers
40/45
Lithunya, lithunya
54
Palo le boholo (ka limilimithara) tsa lithunya tsa mochini
1-8,0
Sethunya sa mochini o thibelang sefofane
-
Lithunya bakeng sa lithunya tsa mochini, li-cartridges
 
Enjene, mofuta, mofuta
carb. "Busing Nag" L8V/36TR
Matla a enjene, hp
155
Lebelo le phahameng km / h
47
Phepelo ea mafura, l
253
Range tseleng e kholo, km
220
Karolelano ea khatello ea fatše, lik'hilograma / cm2
0,68

Turan-1

 
"Turan" ke
Selemo sa tlhahiso
1942
Combat boima, t
18,2
Basebetsi, batho
5
Bolelele ba 'mele, limilimithara
5500
Bolelele ka sethunya pele, mm
 
Bophara, limilimithara
2440
Bophahamo, mm
2390
Boloka, mm
 
'Mele phatleng
50 (60)
Boto ea Hull
25
Tower phatleng (wheelhouse)
50 (60)
Marulelo le tlase ea sekepe
8-25
Armament
 
Letšoao la sethunya
41.M
Caliber ka mm / barrel bolelele ka li-calibers
40/51
Lithunya, lithunya
101
Palo le boholo (ka limilimithara) tsa lithunya tsa mochini
2-8,0
Sethunya sa mochini o thibelang sefofane
-
Lithunya bakeng sa lithunya tsa mochini, li-cartridges
 
Enjene, mofuta, mofuta
Z-TURAN carb. Z-TURAN
Matla a enjene, hp
260
Lebelo le phahameng km / h
47
Phepelo ea mafura, l
265
Range tseleng e kholo, km
165
Karolelano ea khatello ea fatše, lik'hilograma / cm2
0,61

Turan-2

 
"Turan" II
Selemo sa tlhahiso
1943
Combat boima, t
19,2
Basebetsi, batho
5
Bolelele ba 'mele, limilimithara
5500
Bolelele ka sethunya pele, mm
 
Bophara, limilimithara
2440
Bophahamo, mm
2430
Boloka, mm
 
'Mele phatleng
50
Boto ea Hull
25
Tower phatleng (wheelhouse)
 
Marulelo le tlase ea sekepe
8-25
Armament
 
Letšoao la sethunya
41.M
Caliber ka mm / barrel bolelele ka li-calibers
75/25
Lithunya, lithunya
56
Palo le boholo (ka limilimithara) tsa lithunya tsa mochini
2-8,0
Sethunya sa mochini o thibelang sefofane
-
Lithunya bakeng sa lithunya tsa mochini, li-cartridges
1800
Enjene, mofuta, mofuta
Z-TURAN carb. Z-TURAN
Matla a enjene, hp
260
Lebelo le phahameng km / h
43
Phepelo ea mafura, l
265
Range tseleng e kholo, km
150
Karolelano ea khatello ea fatše, lik'hilograma / cm2
0,69

T-21

 
T-21
Selemo sa tlhahiso
1940
Combat boima, t
16,7
Basebetsi, batho
4
Bolelele ba 'mele, limilimithara
5500
Bolelele ka sethunya pele, mm
5500
Bophara, limilimithara
2350
Bophahamo, mm
2390
Boloka, mm
 
'Mele phatleng
30
Boto ea Hull
25
Tower phatleng (wheelhouse)
 
Marulelo le tlase ea sekepe
 
Armament
 
Letšoao la sethunya
A-9
Caliber ka mm / barrel bolelele ka li-calibers
47
Lithunya, lithunya
 
Palo le boholo (ka limilimithara) tsa lithunya tsa mochini
2-7,92
Sethunya sa mochini o thibelang sefofane
-
Lithunya bakeng sa lithunya tsa mochini, li-cartridges
 
Enjene, mofuta, mofuta
Carb. Skoda V-8
Matla a enjene, hp
240
Lebelo le phahameng km / h
50
Phepelo ea mafura, l
 
Range tseleng e kholo, km
 
Karolelano ea khatello ea fatše, lik'hilograma / cm2
0,58

Sebopeho sa tanka "Turan I"

Tobetsa setšoantšong ho holisa
Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán I
1 - ho kenya sethunya sa mochini oa thupelo le pono ea optical; 2 - lisebelisoa tsa ho shebella; 3 - tanka ea mafura; 4 - enjene; 5 - gearbox; 6 - mochine oa swing; 7 - lever ea mochini (backup) drive ea mochini oa swing; 8 - gear fetola lever; 9 - cylinder ea pneumatic ea tsamaiso ea tanka; 10 - lever ea drive ea mochini oa swing ka booster ea pneumatic; 11 - ho hohela lithunya tsa mochini; 12 - hatch ea ho hlahloba mokhanni; 13 - accelerator pedal; 14 - pedal e robehileng; 15 - pedal ea clutch e kholo; 16 - mochine oa ho potoloha ha turret; 17 - ho kopa lithunya.

Ha e le hantle, Turan e ile ea boloka sebopeho sa T-21. Libetsa, lithunya le liphutheloana tsa eona, tsamaiso ea pholileng ea enjene (hammoho le enjene ka boeona) li ile tsa fetoloa, lihlomo tsa matlafatsoa, ​​lisebelisoa tsa optical le puisano li kenngoa. Kopo ea molaoli e fetotsoe. Sethunya sa Turana 41.M se ile sa hlahisoa ke MAVAG motheong oa sethunya sa tanka sa 37.M 37.M se etselitsoeng tanka ea V.4, sethunya sa anti-tank sa Hungarian (eo le eona e neng e le phetoho ea 37-mm ea Jeremane. PAK 35/36 anti-tank gun) le laesense ea Skoda bakeng sa sethunya sa tanka sa 40 mm A17. Bakeng sa likanono tsa Turan, ho ka sebelisoa lithunya bakeng sa sethunya sa anti-aircraft sa 40-mm Bofors. Lithunya tsa mochini 34./40.A.M. Khampani ea "Gebauer" "Danuvia" e nang le matla a theipi a pholileng a moea a behiloeng ka har'a tora le ka poleiti e ka pele ea hull. Libarele tsa bona li ne li sirelelitsoe ke mekotla e teteaneng ea lihlomo. Lipoleiti tsa lihlomo li ne li kopantsoe le li-rivets kapa liboutu.

Tobetsa foto ea tanka "Turan" ho holisa
Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán I
Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán I
Tanka "Turan" nakong ea ho tšela. Karolo ea 2 ea Panzer. Poland, 1944
"Turan I" ho tloha karolong ea 2 ea Panzer. Eastern Front, April 1944

Enjene ea lisilindara tse robeli ea Turan e entsoe ke feme ea Manfred Weiss. E fane ka tanka ka lebelo le letle le ho tsamaea hantle. Chassis e ile ea boloka likarolo tsa "moholo-holo" ea hōle oa tanka e khanyang ea S-IIa. Lirolara tsa pina li hokahane ka likariki tse 'nè (lipara tse peli holim'a li-balancers tsa tsona) tse nang le lekhasi le tloaelehileng le rapameng e le ntho e rekerehang. Mabili a ho khanna - sebaka se ka morao. Phetiso ea bukana e ne e e-na le lebelo la 6 (3 × 2) pele le ka morao. Lebokose la li-gear le mochini oa ho potoloha ha lipolanete oa mohato o le mong li ne li laoloa ke li-drive tsa pneumatic servo. Sena se ile sa nolofatsa boiteko ba mokhanni le ho fokotsa mokhathala oa hae. Ho ne ho boetse ho e-na le mochine o kopitsoang (ka letsoho). Mariki a ne a le holim'a koloi le mabiling a tataisang 'me a e-na le li-servo drives, tse kopitsoang ke mochine oa mochine.

Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán I

Tanka ena e ne e e-na le lisebelisoa tse tšeletseng tsa ho shebella prismatic (periscopic) marulelong a tora le cupola ea molaoli le marulelong a ka pele ho sekepe (bakeng sa mokhanni le sethunya sa mochine). Ho phaella moo, mokhanni o ne a boetse a e-na le sebaka sa ho shebella se nang le triplex leboteng le otlolohileng ka pele, 'me sethunya sa mochine se ne se e-na le pono e sirelelitsoeng ke mokotla oa lihlomo. Rasethunya o ne a e-na le mochine o monyenyane oa ho fumana batho. Litanka tsohle li ne li kentsoe liea-le-moea tsa mofuta oa R/5a.

Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán I

Ho tloha ka 1944, "Turans" e fumane li-skrini tsa 8-mm khahlanong le li-projectiles tse ngata tse fanyehiloeng ka mahlakoreng a sekepe le turret. Phapang ea molaoli 40.M. "Turan" ke R.K. ka litšenyehelo tsa phokotso e itseng ea lithunya e amohetse transceiver e eketsehileng R / 4T. Lenakana la hae le ne le kentsoe ka morao ho tora. Litanka tsa pele tsa Turan I li ile tsa tloha fekthering ea Manfred Weiss ka April 1942. Ho fihlela ka May 1944, ho ile ha hlahisoa kakaretso ea litanka tse 285 tsa Turan I, e leng:

  • ka 1942 - 158;
  • ka 1943 - 111;
  • ka 1944 - 16 litanka.

Tlhahiso e kholo ea khoeli le khoeli e tlalehiloe ka July le September 1942 - litanka tse 24. Ka lifeme, kabo ea likoloi tse hahiloeng e ne e shebahala tjena: "Manfred Weiss" - 70, "Magyar wagon" - 82, "Ganz" - 74, MAVAG - li-unit tse 59.

Tanka e mahareng ea Hungarian 40M Turán I

Lisebelisoa:

  • M. B. Baryatinsky. Litanka tsa Honvedsheg. (Pokello ea Lihlomo No. 3 (60) - 2005);
  • I.P. Shmelev. Likoloi tse hlometseng tsa Hungary (1940-1945);
  • G.L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia of World Tanks 1915 - 2000";
  • George Mashome a mane. Litanka tsa Ntoa ea Bobeli ea Lefatše;
  • Attila Bonhardt-Gyula-Sárhidai László Winkler: Lihlomo tsa Sesole sa Royal Hungarian.

 

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