Turbo bakeng sa bohle?

Ho ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso ea hoo e ka bang koloi e 'ngoe le e' ngoe? Mohlomong. Kenya turbocharger feela.

Lienjineri tse ngata tsa sejoale-joale tsa diesel li na le turbocharger. Sena ke phello ea hoo e batlang e le melemo e ts'oanang ha e sebelisoa lienjineng tsa ho itlhoekisa - bonolo ba moralo, litlamorao tsa ts'ebetso le boiketlo ba taolo. Li-Turbocharger li boetse li fumaneha ka har'a likoloi tsa baeti tse tukang, haholo-holo tse reretsoeng mefuta eohle ea likopano le mabelo. Ho boetse ho na le thahasello e ntseng e eketseha ho baetsi ba li-serial tsa lienjine tsa peterole, kaha ha ba eketse matla a enjene feela, empa hape ba kenya letsoho ho ho ntlafatsa bohloeki ba likhase tsa mouoane. Ka hona, ho ka etsahala hore haufinyane lisebelisoa tsena li tla kenngoa likoloing tse ngata, haholo-holo ka lebaka la ho tiisa maemo a tikoloho.

Turbocharger ke sesebelisoa se batlang se le bonolo - se na le lintlha tse peli tsa mantlha - turbine e khannoang ke likhase tsa enjene ea mouoane, le komporo ea turbine e khannoang ke turbine e behiloeng holim'a shaft e tloaelehileng. Ka lebaka la matla a eketsehileng a thepa e sebelisoang mohahong, boholo ba li-turbocharger bo fokotsehile, kahoo li ka sebelisoa hoo e batlang e le koloi e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e nang le liphetoho tse nyenyane. Leha ho le joalo, bothata ke ho sebelisa sesebelisoa se nepahetseng bakeng sa enjene e itseng.

Kaha turbocharger e baka keketseho e kholo haholo ea matla a yuniti ea matla (ho fihlela makhetlo a 6), ho ka etsahala hore enjene e joalo e "tuned" e ke ke ea sebetsa nako e telele, kapa e tla senngoa ke ho phatloha kapa mochini " katoloso” ea likarolo tsa eona (lipiston, lihlahla, molamu o kopanyang). Ka hona, ho kenya "turbo" ha se feela kopano ea sesebelisoa se lumellanang, empa hangata ho nkeloa sebaka ke likarolo tse ngata tsa enjene, mohlala, camshaft. Turbine ka boeona e bitsa li-zloty tse 'maloa ho isa ho tse likete tse' maloa. Li-zloty tse ling tse likete tse 'maloa li tla tlameha ho sebelisoa mochining o loketseng oa mosi, mochini o mocha oa taolo ea enjene o bitsa li-zloty tse 2. Tšebeliso ea seo ho thoeng ke intercooler, i.e. intercooler e u lumellang ho theola mocheso oa moea o hatelitsoeng le ho eketsa matla a enjene, ena ke litšenyehelo tse ling tsa likete tse 'maloa. zloty.

Le ha ho nahanoa hore turbocharger e ka kengoa enjeneng efe kapa efe, lienjineri tse ling li kanna tsa se be le bokhoni bona. Liyuniti tsohle tse nang le sistimi ea crank e sa tsitsang haholo (mohlala, Polonaise kapa Skoda ea khale) le lits'ebetso tse sa sebetseng hantle tsa ho futhumatsa le ho tlotsa li na le menyetla e ikhethang sebakeng sena.

Hlokomela Ba Tsoang Bocha

Turbocharger fihla lebelo la 15 - 60 sekete. rpm (sporty esita le ho fihlela ho 200 rpm). Ka hona, moralo oa bona o tlameha ho ba o nepahetseng haholo, mme ts'ebetso ea bona e hloka ho latela melao e nepahetseng e tla sireletsa sesebelisoa ho senya.

Hoa etsahala hore lik'hamphani tse fanang ka li-turbocharger tse joalo li li fumane likoloing tse senyehileng. Lisebelisoa tse joalo lia hlatsuoa, li hloekisoa, ka linako tse ling li nchafatsoa ka ho sebelisa likarolo tse sa lokelang, ebe li kopanngoa hape. Bothata tabeng ena ke ho se leka-lekane ha likarolo tse potolohang. Ha e le hantle, mabili a likoloi a potolohang bonyane (ha a bapisoa le turbine) a leka-lekana, ho sa bue letho ka rotor e potolohang ka lebelo la li-revolutions tse fetang 500 motsotsoana. Li-turbocharger tse joalo li ka rekoa ka li-zloty tse makholo a seng makae, empa ho na le monyetla o moholo oa hore li tla hlōleha kapele.

Ka hona, turbocharger e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e nchafalitsoeng e tlameha ho ba le setifikeiti se nang le karete ea tiisetso. Ho nchafatsoa kapa ho lokisoa ha turbocharger e joalo ho ka etsoa ke setsi sa lits'ebeletso se nang le lisebelisoa tse loketseng mme ka ho khetheha se na le boiphihlelo ba lilemo, se netefatsang ts'ebeletso ea boleng.

tshebediso

Ntho ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea turbocharger ke tsela eo enjene e timang ka mor'a hore koloi e eme. Haeba koloi e ne e matha ka lebelo le phahameng, ema metsotsoana e seng mekae ho isa ho mashome a 'maloa ho fihlela lebelo la rotor ea turbocharger le theoha, ebe o tima mollo. Ha mollo o tima ka lebelo le phahameng la turbocharger, pompo e khaotsa ho fana ka oli e ncha ho li-bearings, 'me oli e setseng e lula e futhumetse ho fihlela mocheso o phahameng, ho chesa le ho senya li-bearings.

Matšoao a ho hloleha ha turbocharger haholo-holo ke ho theoha ha matla a enjene le ponahalo ea mosi o motšo kapa o moputsoa ho tsoa phala ea ho tima. Mmala o motšo o bontša ho se lekane ha lubrication le mosi o tukang, 'me boputsoa bo bontša ho lutla tsamaisong ea oli. Ho se sebetse ho hoholo ho hoholo ho bonahala ka lerata le ntseng le eketseha le ho kokota. Tabeng ena, hang-hang u ee tšebeletsong. Ho ka ba le mabaka a 'maloa a sena. Tse atileng haholo ke:

- lintho tse tsoang linaheng tse ling moeeng oa ho noa - sena se lebisa ho senyeha ha li-blades 'me kahoo ho lahleheloa ke ho leka-lekana ha rotor, e leng se ka lebisang ho putlama ha sesebelisoa kaofela;

- tšilafalo ea oli - e baka tšenyo ho li-bearings le likoranta tsa shaft, tse lebisang ho se leka-lekaneng ha lintho tse potolohang,

- palo e sa lekaneng ea oli - e kenya letsoho ho senya li-bearings, tahlehelo ea ho tiea esita le ho phatloha ha shaft ka lebaka la khohlano e ntseng e eketseha,

- lihlopha tse tsoang linaheng tse ling ka likhase tsa ho qeta (mohlala, ka lebaka la li-valve tsa tataiso tse senyehileng, li-heaters) - phello e tšoanang le ea linaheng tse ling moeeng o kenang; tšenyo ea rotor ea turbine e tsamaisang compressor,

- mocheso o phahameng haholo oa likhase tsa ho tsoa - o baka khatello e matla ea mocheso oa turbocharger, e lebisang ho koaeng ha oli, tšenyo ea mahare a turbine le likarolo tsa eona,

- Khatello e feteletseng ea ho felloa ke matla - e baka matla a axial a sebetsang ho rotor ea turbine, e potlakisang ho roala ha thrust bear le turbocharger o-rings.

Litheko tsa li-turbocharger tse ncha li tloha ho 2,5 ho isa ho tse 4 tse likete. zloty. Sesebelisoa sa Volkswagen Passat 1.8 se nang le enjene ea peterole se bitsa PLN 2, bakeng sa Skoda Octavia 400 l (diesel) - PLN 1.9, bakeng sa BMW 2 (diesel) - PLN 800. Ho kenngoa ho batla ho theko e boima - ho tloha ho tse ka bang 530 ho isa ho tse 3 tse likete. PLN (theko e kenyeletsa ho lokisoa ha tsamaiso ea ho qeta nako). Nchafatso ea mantlha e nang le kit ea ho lokisa e bitsa PLN 800 - 7, litšenyehelo tsa turbocharger kamora ho nchafatsoa li tsoa ho PLN 10 ho isa ho 900.