Web 3.0 hape, empa hape ka tsela e fapaneng. Diketane ho re lokolla

Hang ka mor'a hore khopolo ea Web 2.0 e phatlalatsoe, karolong ea bobeli ea lilemo tse leshome tse qalang tsa lekholo la bo1 la lilemo, khopolo ea phetolelo ea boraro ea Inthanete (3.0), e neng e utloisisoa ka nako eo e le "semantic web", e ile ea hlaha. hanghang. Lilemo hamorao, troika e khutlile ka mokhoa o ts'oanelang, empa lekhetlong lena Web XNUMX e utloisisoa ka tsela e fapaneng hanyane.

Moelelo o mocha oa mohopolo ona o fanoa ke mothehi oa setsi sa motheo sa Polkadot blockchain le sengoli-'moho. Ethereum cryptocurrency, Gavin Wood. Kaha ho bonolo ho hakanya hore na mothehi oa mofuta o mocha ke mang Websaete ea 3.0 lekhetlong lena e lokela ho ba le ho hong ho etsa le blockchain le cryptocurrencies. Wood ka boeena o hlalosa marang-rang a macha e le a bulehileng le a sireletsehileng haholoanyane. Websaete ea 3.0 e ke ke ea tsamaisoa bohareng ke mebuso e seng mekae, 'me, joalo ka ha ho ntse ho etsoa ka mokhoa o ntseng o eketseha, ke bo-monopolies ba Big Tech, empa ho e-na le sechaba sa Inthanete sa demokrasi le se ipusang.

"Kajeno, Marang-rang a ntse a eketseha ka data e hlahisoang ke basebelisi," Wood o re ho podcast. Websaete ea Boraro e tlalehiloe ka 2019. Kajeno, o re, li-startups tsa Silicon Valley li tšehetsoa ke bokhoni ba tsona ba ho bokella lintlha ka katleho. Li-platform tse ling, hoo e ka bang ketso e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea mosebelisi e kentsoe. "Sena se ka sebelisoa feela bakeng sa papatso e lebisitsoeng, empa data e ka sebelisoa le mererong e meng," ho lemosa Wood.

"Ho bolela esale pele maikutlo le boitšoaro ba batho, ho kenyelletsa le liphetho tsa likhetho." Qetellong, sena se lebisa taolong e felletseng, Wood o phethela.

2. Gavin Wood le letšoao la Polkadot

Sebakeng seo, e fana ka marang-rang a bulehileng, a ikemetseng, a mahala, le a demokrasi moo beng ba marang-rang ba nkang qeto, eseng lik'hamphani tse kholo.

Katleho e kholo ea morero oa Web3 Foundation Wood e tšehelitsoeng ke Polkadot (2), mokhatlo o sa etseng phaello o thehiloeng Switzerland. Polkadot ke protocol e arolelanoang ho latela theknoloji ea blockchain (3) e leng se etsang hore ho khonehe ho hokahanya blockchain le litharollo tse ling bakeng sa phapanyetsano ea tlhahisoleseding le litšebelisano ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng ka ho feletseng. E hokahanya li-blockchains, tsa sechaba le tsa poraefete, le mahlale a mang. E entsoe ka mekhahlelo e mene: blockchain e ka sehloohong e bitsoang Relay Chain, e kopanyang li-blockchains tse fapaneng le ho nolofatsa phapanyetsano pakeng tsa bona, li-parachains (li-blockchains tse bonolo) tse etsang marang-rang a Polkadot, melapo kapa li-parachains tse lefang ka ho fetisisa, 'me qetellong. “marokgo”. , ke hore li-connectors tsa li-blockchains tse ikemetseng.

Netweke ya Polkadot e ikemiselitse ho ntlafatsa tšebelisano, ho eketsa scalability, le ho matlafatsa ts'ireletso ea li-blockchains tse amoheloang. Ka nako e ka tlase ho selemo, Polkadot e ile ea qala likopo tse fetang 350.

3. Boemeli ba mohlala oa theknoloji ea blockchain

Polkadot blockchain ea mantlha relay potoloho. E hokahanya li-parachain tse fapaneng mme e thusa ho fapanyetsana ha data, thepa le litšebelisano. Liketane tse otlolohileng tsa li-parachain li tsamaisana le ketane e kholo ea Polkadot blockchain kapa relay chain. Li ka fapana haholo ho tse ling ka sebopeho, tsamaiso ea puso, li-tokens, joalo-joalo Parachains e boetse e lumella litšebelisano tse tšoanang le ho etsa hore Polkadot e be tsamaiso e tsitsitseng le e sireletsehileng.

Ho ea ka Wood, tsamaiso ena e ka fetisetsoa ho marang-rang a utloisisoang ka mokhoa o pharaletseng ho feta feela ho laola chelete ea crypto. Marang-rang a hlaha, moo basebelisi ka bomong le ka kakaretso ba nang le taolo e felletseng holim'a tsohle tse etsahalang tsamaisong.

Ho tloha ho 'malo o bonolo oa leqephe ho ea ho "tokenomics"

Websaete ea 1.0 e bile ts'ebetsong ea pele ea webo. Joalokaha ho ne ho lebelletsoe, e ile ea nka ho tloha 1989 ho isa 2005. Phetolelo ena e ka hlalosoa e le marang-rang a puisano a tlhahisoleseling. Ho ea ka moetsi oa World Wide Web, Tim Berners-Lee, e ne e baloa feela ka nako eo.

Sena se fane ka tšebelisano e nyane haholo, moo boitsebiso bo ka fapanyetsanoa hammohoempa e ne e se nnete. Sebakeng sa tlhahisoleseling, lintho tse khahlang li ne li bitsoa Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI; URI). Ntho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e ne e eme. U ne u ke ke ua hlola u bala. E ne e le mohlala oa laeborari.

Moloko oa bobeli oa Marang-rang, o tsejoang e le Websaete ea 2.0, e qalile ho hlalosoa ke Dale Dougherty ka 2004 e le bala-ngola marangrang. Maqephe a Web 2.0 a lumelletse ho bokelloa le taolo ea lihlopha tsa lithahasello tsa lefats'e, 'me mecha ea litaba e fana ka lipuisano tsa sechaba.

Websaete ea 2.0 ke phetoho ea khoebo indastering ea likhomphutha e tlisoang ke ho fetohela ho Marang-rang joalo ka sethala. Mothating ona, basebelisi ba ile ba qala ho theha litaba ho li-platform tse kang YouTube, Facebook, joalo-joalo. Mofuta ona oa Marang-rang o ne o sebelisana le batho, empa hangata o ne o tlameha ho o lefella. Bothata ba inthanete ena e sebelisanang, e ileng ea kenngoa ts'ebetsong ka tieho e itseng, ke hore ha ho ntse ho etsoa litaba, basebelisi ba boetse ba arolelana tlhahisoleseding le boitsebiso ba botho le lik'hamphani tse laolang liforomo tsena.

Ka nako e ts'oanang Web 2.0 e ne e ntse e tsoela pele, ho bolela esale pele bakeng sa Websaete ea 3.0. Lilemong tse 'maloa tse fetileng ho ne ho lumeloa hore sena e tla ba seo ho thoeng ke sona. . Litlhaloso, tse hatisitsoeng ho pota 2008, li khothalelitse ho hlaha ha software e hlakileng le e bohlale e neng e tla batla tlhahisoleseling e etselitsoeng rona, e betere ho feta mekhoa e seng e ntse e tsebahala ea ho iketsetsa motho e khothalelitsoeng.

Websaete ea 3.0 e ne e lokela ho ba moloko oa boraro oa litšebeletso tsa Inthanete, maqephe le lisebelisoa tse shebaneng le tšebeliso ho ithuta ka mochini i kutloisiso ea data. Sepheo sa ho qetela sa Web 3.0, joalokaha se boletsoe karolong ea bobeli ea XNUMXs, e ne e le ho theha liwebsaete tse bohlale, tse hokahaneng le tse bulehileng. Lilemo hamorao, ho bonahala eka lipheo tsena li ile tsa phethahala ebile lia phethahala, leha lentsoe "semantic web" le se le sa sebelisoe hangata.

Tlhaloso ea kajeno ea phetolelo ea boraro ea Inthanete e thehiloeng ho Ethereum ha e hlile ha e hanyetsane le boprofeta ba khale ba Inthanete ea semantic, empa e hatisa ntho e 'ngoe, boinotšing, tšireletso le demokrasi.

Boqapi ba bohlokoa lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng ke ho theha liforomo tse sa laoloeng ke mokhatlo ofe kapa ofe, empa tseo bohle ba ka li tšepang. Lebaka ke hobane mosebelisi e mong le e mong oa marang-rang ana o tlameha ho latela melao e thata e tsejoang e le liprothokholo tsa tumellano. Ntho ea bobeli e ncha ke hore marang-rang ana a lumella phetiso ya boleng kapa chelete dipakeng tsa diakhaonto. Lintho tsena tse peli - theolelo ea mebuso le chelete ea inthanete - ke linotlolo tsa kutloisiso ea sejoale-joale ea Web 3.0.

Baqapi ba marang-rang a li-cryptocurrencymohlomong eseng kaofela, empa litlhaku tse joalo Gavin Woodba ne ba tseba hore na mosebetsi oa bona o mabapi le eng. E 'ngoe ea lilaebrari tse tsebahalang haholo tsa mananeo tse sebelisetsoang ho ngola khoutu ea Ethereum ke web3.js.

Ntle le ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho ts'ireletso ea data, mokhoa o mocha oa Web 3.0 o na le karolo ea lichelete, moruo oa Inthanete e ncha. Chelete marang-rang a machaHo e-na le ho itšetleha ka liforomo tsa setso tsa lichelete tse tlamelletsoeng mebusong 'me li lekanyelitsoe ke meeli, li laoloa ka bolokolohi ke beng, lefatšeng ka bophara le ho sa laoleheng. Sena se boetse se bolela hore matšoao i kryptowaluty li ka sebelisoa ho hlahisa mekhoa e mecha ea khoebo le moruo oa inthanete.

Ka mokhoa o ntseng o eketseha, tataiso ena e bitsoa tokenomics. Mohlala oa pele, empa o sa tloaeleha, ke marang-rang a lipapatso ho tepo ea marang-rang e sa itšetleheng ka thekiso ea data ho babapatsi, empa e itšetlehile ka ho putsa basebelisi ka lets'oao la ho shebella lipapatso. Mofuta ona oa ts'ebeliso ea Web 3.0 o ntlafatsoa tikolohong ea Brave browser le Basic Attention Token (BAT) ecosystem ea lichelete.

Hore Web 3.0 e be 'nete bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsena le lits'ebetso tse ling tse nkiloeng ho eona, batho ba bangata ba hloka ho li sebelisa. Hore sena se etsahale, lits'ebetso tsena li hloka ho baloa haholoanyane, ho utloisisoa ke batho ba kantle ho lihlopha tsa mananeo. Hona joale, ho ke ke ha boleloa hore li-tokenomics lia utloahala ho ea ka pono ea batho ba bangata.

"Ntate oa WWW" ea qotsitsoeng ka cheseho. Tim Berners-Lee, o kile a hlokomela hore Web 3.0 ke mofuta oa ho khutlela ho Web 1.0. Hobane e le hore u phatlalatse ntho e itseng, beha ntho e itseng, u etse ntho e itseng, ha u hloke tumello leha e le efe e tsoang ho "bolaoli bo bohareng", ha ho na node ea taolo, ha ho na ntlha e le 'ngoe ea ho shebella le ... ha ho na phetoho.

Ho na le bothata bo le bong feela ka Websaete ena e ncha ea demokrasi, e sa lefelloeng, e sa laoleheng ea 3.0. Hona joale, ke li-circles tse fokolang feela tse e sebelisang 'me li batla ho e sebelisa. Basebelisi ba bangata ba bonahala ba thabetse ho sebelisa Web 2.0 e bonolo ebile e bonolo ho e sebelisa kaha joale e se e tlisitsoe boemong bo phahameng ba botekgeniki.