Tesla Syndrome ea bobeli.

Fetola switch 'me re na le motlakase! - e latela litlaleho tse ling tsa mecha ea phatlalatso mabapi le merero ea tlhahiso ea likoloi tsa motlakase Poland, e phatlalalitsoeng likhoeling tsa morao tjena. Leha ho le joalo, tlhahlobo e haufi ea lintlha le histori ea morao-rao e re lemosa khahlanong le tlhokomeliso, kaha bokhoni ba theknoloji le chelete e hlokahalang ho qala phetoho ea motlakase li batla li haella naheng ea rona.

Ho na le ho hongata ho etsahalang karolong ea liphatlalatso le liphatlalatso. Letona la Matla Krzysztof Czorzewski le phatlalalitse ka Mots'eanong 2017 hore libekeng tse tlang. Molao oa tsamaiso ea tšehetso bakeng sa matsapa a amanang le ntshetsopele ya electromobility Poland. Morero oa nts'etsopele ea likoloi tsa motlakase, o hlahisitsoeng ke Lekala la Matla, o fana ka maikutlo a hore ka 2025 ho tla ba le likoloi tsa motlakase tse milione litseleng tsa Vistula.

Boemong ba pele (ho fihlela 2018), mmuso o tlameha ho kholisa Mapolesa ka mohopolo oa ona - joale o tla kengoa ts'ebetsong. mananeo a sefofane. Joale, ka 2019-2020, ho tla hahuoa meaho ea ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase ka li-agglomerations tse khethiloeng le haufi le TEN-T (Trans-European Transport Network) Nokeng ea Vistula. Mmuso o lumela hore ho tla ba le batho ba 50 metseng e 2020 e khethiloeng ka 2025. likoloi tsa motlakase. Qetellong, mmuso o bolela esale pele hore karolong ea boraro (lilemo tse XNUMX-XNUMX), likoloi tsa motlakase li tla tsebahala haholo. hlohlelletsa tlhokahalo bakeng sa likoloi tsena. Ho ea ka bosebeletsi, marang-rang a matla a Poland a tla be a se a loketse ho fana ka motlakase ho likoloi tsa motlakase tse ka bang milione.

Hole le batho ba Yuropa ba tloaelehileng

Merero le liphatlalatso tse ngata haholo. Linomoro tsa 'nete mona le hona joale li fokola haholo. Ho ea ka Mokhatlo oa Poland oa Indasteri ea Likoloi, ka April 2017, likoloi tsa motlakase tsa 47 li ne li ngolisitsoe ho sehlopha sohle sa likoloi tsa baeti, ho kenyelletsa le Haeba re nka sena e le karolelano ea hona joale 'me re atisa ka leshome le metso e' meli, re fumana likoloi tsa motlakase tsa halofo ea sekete tse ngolisitsoeng selemo le selemo. Poland. Ho feta 400 2016 likoloi tsohle tse ngolisitsoeng ka lekhetlo la pele (XNUMX).

Ha ho na matšoao a ho eketseha 'me re ntse re sa tsamaee hantle ha re bapisoa le Europe. Ho latela European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA), kakaretso ea likoloi tse likete tse 2016 li ngolisitsoe ho European Union ka 155,2. likoloi tsa motlakase (ECV-) - 4,8% e molemo ho feta sephetho se fihletsoeng ka 2015 (sehlopha sena se boetse se kenyelletsa li-hybrids tsa mofuta ona).

Ka ho fetisisa (ECV) selemong se fetileng e ngolisitsoe Norway (44,9 sekete - ka 2015 ho ne ho e-na le 33,7 sekete), Great Britain (36,9 sekete - bapisoa le 28,7 tse likete ka 2015 .), Fora (29,1 sekete - 22,8 sekete), Jeremane (25,2 sekete - 23,5 sekete), hammoho le Netherlands, moo, leha ho le joalo, ho fokotseha ho hoholo ho tlalehiloeng ha ho bapisoa le 2015 - batho ba likete tse 22,8 ba ngolisitsoe. basebetsi ba motlakase khahlanong le batho ba likete tse 44,4. selemong se fetileng.

Ho latela ACEA, likoloi tsa motlakase tse 556 tsa sehlopha sa ECV li ngolisitsoe Poland selemong se fetileng, ho kenyeletsoa se bitsoang (BEV), (EREV), (FCEV) le (PHEV). Ha ho bapisoa, ka 2015, palo ea ho ngolisoa ha likoloi tsa sehlopha sa ECV Poland e ne e le kakaretso ea 337.

Mokhatlo oa machaba oa lipatlisiso Navigant Research o bolela esale pele hore ka 2023, likoloi tsa motlakase li tla ikarabella bakeng sa 2,4% ea thekiso ea likoloi tsa moloko o latelang lefatšeng ka bophara. Joalokaha u ka bona, Poland peresente ena e ntse e le tlase haholo 'me e lokela ho hōla ka ho tlōla le meeli e le hore re se ke ra tšoara feela ka karolelano ea esale pele, empa hape re fihlele boemo bo phahameng haholo, hobane tsena ke merero le litakatso tsa rona.

Lik'hamphani tse 'nè tsa naha le tlhōlisano

Electro-Mobility Poland e kentse letsoho ts'ebetsong ea electromobility le nts'etsopele ea morero oa likoloi tsa motlakase oa Poland. (1) ke k'hamphani e thehiloeng ka October 2016 ke lik'hamphani tse 'nè: PGE, Tauron, Enea le Energa. E mong le e mong oa bona o ne a lula 25% ea motse-moholo o lumelletsoeng, e leng PLN limilione tse 10. Khampani e rera - ka tšehetso ea 'muso oa Poland - ho theha motheo oa 'maraka o mocha oa lehae le ho ba karolo ea indasteri ea likoloi tsa motlakase lefatšeng ka bophara.

1. ElectroMobility Poland - skrini ea sebaka seo

"Koloi e nyenyane ea motlakase ea litoropong e entsoeng Poland 'me e itšetlehile ka maikutlo a theknoloji ea Poland ke phephetso bakeng sa' maraka oa likoloi oa Poland," ho boletse Letona Czorzewski, a tsebisa ka ho thehoa ha k'hamphani. "Joaloka Lekala la Matla, re tšehetsa nts'etsopele ea electromobility Poland, re theha maemo bakeng sa bo-rakhoebo ba Poland ba sebetsang lefapheng lena e le hore ba ka atleha ho hlōlisana le ba Europe. Ehlile, hore na koloi e joalo e tla hlahisoa Poland e tla lekoa ke 'maraka. ”

Morero o boetse o kenyelletsa kemiso ea motlakase ea lipalangoang tsa sechaba. E tlatsitsoe ke litharollo tsa meralo lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase joalo ka ha ho hlalositsoe ke leano la naha la ntlafatso.

ElectroMobility Poland e phatlalalitse tlhōlisano bakeng sa koloi ea pele ea motlakase ea Poland. Nako ea ho qetela ea ho fana ka merero e felile bohareng ba Mots'eanong 2017. Re kopane le bahlōli ka la 12 Loetse, 'me mohlala oa koloi o lokela ho hahuoa selemong se tlang. Mathoasong a May le June, bahlophisi ba ile ba tlaleha likopo tse ka bang lekholo, tse tsoang lik'hamphani tse nyenyane le mekhatlo e meholo ea machaba le batho ka bomong.

"Re thabetse thahasello e kholo tlholisanong," Alexandra Baldis, 'muelli oa ElectroMobility Poland, o boletse phatlalatsong ea boralitaba. "Hona joale ho tla etsahala mohato oa pele oa mosebetsi oa lekhotla, oo re ileng ra memela balaoli ba lefats'e la likoloi le baqapi ba hlaheletseng. Mokhahlelo oa pele ke tlhahlobo ea molao, e lateloang ke khetho ea merero le khetho ea mesebetsi ea ho qetela e monate ka ho fetisisa e leshome le metso e mehlano.

Phatlalatsong, bahlophisi ba boetse ba phatlalatsa hore e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea merero e amoheloang qetellong e tla hlahlojoa ho latela moralo le mechine, polokeho, matšeliso, mokhoa le botsoalle ba tikoloho, hammoho le ts'ebetso ea ho khanna.

Lekhotla le ne le kenyelletsa:

• batho ba mahlale, ke hore, moprofesa. khubu Senyesemane Marcin Schlenzak – Mokaedi wa Setheo sa Dikoloi, moporof. ngaka eng. setsebi sa meralo ea meralo Stefan Westrich - ho tsoa Lefapheng la Mehaho ea Meaho ea Univesithi ea Theknoloji ea Warsaw, Dr. Eng. Andrzej Muszynski - Mookameli oa Setsi sa Indasteri ea Likoloi (PIMOT), Dr. Wojciech Wiesolek - Morupeli oa Setsi sa Moqapi oa Lipalangoang sa Academy of Fine Arts e Wroclaw, moqapi oa li-yachts, likoloi, lithuthuthu le lipapali tsa video;
• baqapi, ke. Oskar Zenta - hlooho ea studio ea Zieta Prozessdesign, Wojciech Sokolowski - moqapi oa likoloi, hlooho ea SOKKA, k'hamphani e khethehileng ka moralo oa indasteri le moralo oa likoloi;
• mokhanni, i.e. Joanna Madej - mofofisi oa sefofane le semathi, 'mampoli oa rally oa likoloi oa Poland, Natalia Kowalska - mokhanni oa likoloi tsa peiso, har'a lintho tse ling, litšoantšiso ho Formula Master le Foromo ea 2, Tomasz Czopik - ea bitsoang rally,' mampoli oa rally oa Poland;
• baqolotsi ba litaba ba likoloitseo. Jaroslav Maznas - le TVN Turbo, motlatsi-'moho le "Automaniak", Rafał Cemielita - le TVN Turbo, Katarzyna Frendl - moqolotsi oa litaba oa likoloi le blogger, mongoli oa websaeteng motocaina.pl;
• le hape Anna Dereszowska - setšoantšisi sa theater le filimi, moratuoa oa likoloi, Iza Rogulska - setsebi sa puisano le likamano tsa sechaba, Phillips Polska, Marcin Kobylecki - motsamaisi oa boqapi le setho sa boto ea Platige Image, Joanna Kloskowska - motsamaisi oa mebaraka Ringier Axel Springer Polska, ea ikhethang ka lebitso - mebaraka le puisano.

Tlholisano ea pele e akaretsa sethala sa pono. E 'ngoe, e tla phatlalatsoa ka Loetse ena, e amana le prototyping. Hang ha qeto e entsoe, ElectroMobility Poland e rera ts'ebetso ea tumello, tlhahiso e nyane ea letoto, ebe e ts'ehetsa ho qala tlhahiso ea bongata.

Karolo ea ElectroMobility Poland ke ho theha maemo bakeng sa likhoebo tse bonts'ang bokhoni ba 'marakeng ba baetsi ba likoloi tsa motlakase. Khamphani e lokela ho ba eona feela e qalang mona. (A re ke re lule holima nomenclature ena, le hoja moelelong oa "motlakase" o bonahala o siiloe ke nako) bakeng sa ho khanna ho eketsehileng le ho khoneha ho hlahisa lihlahisoa tse ngata - ke hore, chelete bakeng sa matsete a tebileng - e tlameha ho tsoa sebakeng se seng. Joale kae?

Ena ke potso eo ho eona likoloi tsa motlakase tse fetang e le 'ngoe tsa Poland li emisitseng, kapa ho e-na le moqapi oa eona.

Ho bapisa, mona ke lethathamo le lekhutšoanyane la lichelete tseo merero ea motlakase ea lefats'e e ka itšetlehang ka eona.

Libilione tsa China

Ho latela likhakanyo tse fapaneng, matsete a lefats'e le lithuso tsa lichelete bakeng sa ho qala likoloi tse ncha tsa motlakase li eketsehile ho tloha ho $ 200 milione ka 2013 ho ea ho $ 2 bilione ka 2016. Lichelete tsena li hola ka potlako. Sechaena feela (ho sa tsotellehe lebitso) mmampodi wa lefatshe (2) Ho tloha ha e thehoa ka 2015, e amohetse lidolara tse limilione tse likete ho tsoa ho batseteli ba lichelete. Koloi ea pele ea mofuta ona e lokela ho hahuoa ka selemo sa 2018, ka sepheo sa likoloi tse 2021 ka 100. likarolo tsa koloi

2. Lipono tsa Weltmeister

Khamphani e 'ngoe ea Chaena e thehiloe ka 2014. NextEVhalofo ea lidolara tse bilione ho fihlela joale. O ikemiselitse ho haha ​​mofuta o mocha oa koloi, o ikamahanyang le litlhoko tsa bareki. Hajoale o entse koloi ea lebelo EP9, e nkoang e le lebelo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng koloi ea motlakase.

Likhamphani tse ntseng li sa tsoa qala le tse patehileng tsa Machaena tse nang le litabatabelo tsa ho hapa 'maraka oa likoloi tsa motlakase tse ntseng li hlaha li ka itšetleha ka limilione tse makholo le libilione ho tsoa ho linatla tsa mahlale a China. Mohlala, "Chinese Google" ke k'hamphani Baidu - mmoho le Tencent Holdings Ba tšehetsa Bokamoso Mobility, khamphani e batlang ho etsa lihlahisoa tsa motlakase tsa pele. Ha ho makatse hore ebe o ile a khona ho fumana baenjiniere ho tloha BMW le Tesla.

Khamphani, e thehiloeng 2014, e amahanngoa le motse-moholo oa Chaena. Bokamoso ba Faraday hotswa California ya batlang ho qothisana lehlokoa le bona Tesla. Nakong ea pontšo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki le theknoloji e ncha - Consumer Electronics Show, e tšoaroang selemo le selemo Las Vegas - o ile a hlahisa koloi e ikemetseng ea motlakasee fihlang lebelo la 2,39 km / h ka metsotsoana e 97.

Khampani e ithorisa ka koloi FF91 ka potlako ho feta Mohlala S Tesla le likoloi tse ling tsohle tsa motlakase tse hlahisoang hajoale (Tesla e khona ho fihla lebelo la ho fihla ho 97 km / h ka metsotsoana e 2,5). Nakong ea toka, ho ile ha bontšoa bokhoni ba koloi, e neng e pota-potile sebaka sa ho paka ntle le mokhanni. Baemeli ba Faraday ba hlalositse hore koloi ea bona, ka lebelo le tsitsitseng la lik'hilomithara tse 88 / h, e khona ho koahela sebaka sa 775 km. E ka boela ea qosoa ka maemo a hona joale a fapaneng. Moetsi o rera ho qala koloi 'marakeng ka 2018. Babali ba lakatsang ho reka koloi esale pele ba tlameha ho lokisa li-ruble tse 5. dollar esale pele ...

E entsoe likhoeling tse 'maloa tse fetileng Lucid Motors ho fihlela joale o fumane "feela" $ 131 milione ho tsoa ho bo-ramatsete. O lokisa moaho Lucid Air (3), e tlameha ho ba le liparamente tse khahlang, ho kenyeletsoa. 600 hp enjene le polokelo ea matla ea 52,5 km. Theko e hakantsoeng XNUMX sekete. lidolara, e seng khetho e mpe karolong ea likoloi tsa mabothobotho. Chelete ha e sa hlola e makatsa ha u nahana ka melemo ea lekhetho eo bareki ba litsebi tsa motlakase United States ba ka e lebellang.

Ka thuso ea lichelete tsa China le US bakeng sa ho qala motlakase, Seswedishe Kopantswe, e nang le liranta tse limilione tse 1,42 ka akhaonto e shebahala e itekanetse. Leha ho le joalo, ho fanoe ka matla a boenjiniere ba Sweden le tšebelisano-'moho le Motorola, re ka lebella hore ka 2019 - ka mor'a tsohle, premiere ea koloi ea bona ea pele e reriloe bakeng sa selemo sena - re tla bona sehlahisoa se thahasellisang.

hape naheng e 'ngoe e nang le setso se phahameng sa tekheniki - Switzerland. O sebelitse moo ho tloha ka 2009 feme ea khaleya sa tsoa fana ka koloi Electra (4) e etselitsoe ho bapisa lihlahisoa tsa Tesla. Ho joalo le ka trolley Khopolo e le 'ngoe - e ntlafalitsoeng ke k'hamphani ea Croatia Koloi ea Rimac, e nang le matla a 1224 hp le lebelo le holimo la 350 km/h.

4. Mohlala o eketsehileng - pono ea pono 49

Boholo ba mehlala e fanoeng ho tsoa lefats'eng ka bophara e bontša hore hangata u nahana ka ho rala likoloi tsa maemo a holimo kapa bonyane tse ka holimo ho karolelano. Likhopolo tsa Poland bakeng sa likoloi tsa motlakase li atisa ho ba tse nyenyane, litoropong, empa ka bomalimabe, joalokaha re tla bona, likoloi tse batlang li le theko e boima, tsa litoropong.

Jeremane e fana ka motlakase oa Poland tlas'a mask a Mataliana

Morao tjena, mecha ea litaba e tletse tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le meralo ea lapeng ea likoloi tsa motlakase. Leha ho le joalo, hase kamehla e leng Sepolishe feela, joalokaha ho pakoa ke mohlala oa ho haha Tlhaloso: ESF01 (5). tlhahiso ea malapeng e patiloe mona tlas'a 'mele oa koloi e entsoeng Tychy ... Fiat 500. Ka morao ho morero ke mohoebi oa Lejeremane Thomas Hayek, mopresidente oa Bemotion le mothehi oa fektheri ea likoloi tsa motlakase tsa Bielsko-Biala.

5. FSE 01 (copyright: Bielsko-Biała Electric Vehicle Plant)

Litsebi tse tsoang setsing sa lipatlisiso tsa likoloi tsa BOSMAL li thusitse ho theha FSE 01. Phetolelo e bontšitsoeng hajoale ke mohlala o ntlafalitsoeng, oo ka 2014, joalo ka koloi e bitsoang BOSMAL 500 E, e ileng ea hlahisoa pontšong ea likoloi tsa eCarTech Munich (eo ka nako eo Bemotion a ileng a phatlalatsa ka eona. thekiso ka BOSMAL).

Bolelele ba koloi ke ho feta 3,5 metres. E na le PMSM ea mekhahlelo e meraro ea synchronous e entsoeng ke Sosnowiec e nang le matla a 45 hp. (boholo ba torque 120 Nm). Libetri li patiloe ka tlas'a fatše. Ka boima ba lik'hilograma tse 1055, koloi e tlameha ho potlakisa ho fihlela ho 135 km / h. Ka tefiso e le 'ngoe, e tla tsamaea lik'hilomithara tse 100 mme, ho ea ka Hayek, e tla bitsa chelete e ka tlase ho $100. zloty". Ha ho bapisoa, bakeng sa peterole e ncha ea 50, moetsi o batla ka ho hlaka ka tlase ho XNUMX XNUMX. zloty.

Ho tjhaja FSE 01 ho tloha soketeng e tloaelehileng ea karache ho nka lihora tse ka bang ts'eletseng, ha ho sebelisa mochini oa motlakase oa 400 V ho nka lihora tse tharo feela. Ho ea ka baemeli ba FSE, ba khona ho hlahisa likoloi tsa motlakase tse ka bang sekete ka selemo.

Bemotion le BOSMAL Automotive Research Institute ba kentse kopo Setsing sa Naha sa Lipatlisiso le Nts'etsopele bakeng sa ho tšehetsa lichelete tse ka bang limilione tse 4,5 bakeng sa morero oa bona o kopaneng o bitsoang "Ntšetso-pele ea koloi ea phano ea motlakase e nang le matla a bohlale". tsamaiso ea taolo". Sena se bolela hore Bielsko-Biala, mosebetsi o ntse o tsoela pele oa ho hlahisa likoloi tse peli tse fapaneng tse tsamaisoang ke motlakase - van ea ho tsamaisa lik'hamphani le koloi ea Kowalski.

Ho fihlela joale, Fabryka Samochodow Elektrycznych o tsetetse ho fihlela ho li-euro tse limilione tse 1 morerong ona. Ho kenya letsoho tlhōlisanong ea ElectroMobility Poland ho ne ho nkoa, empa litlhoko tsa tlhōlisano, tse phatlalalitsoeng ke EMP, li bolela hore koloi e tlameha ho tsamaea bonyane lik'hilomithara tse 150 - tabeng ena, hoo e ka bang 50 km.

Khamphani e ka rata ho fihlela bareki ba mantlha - libanka, lik'hamphani tsa inshorense, mohlomong mekhatlo ea mmuso, eo basebetsi ba eona ba ka sebelisang litsebi tsa motlakase joalo ka likoloi tsa khale tsa toropo.

Moralo oa 'nete oa Sepolishe, ehlile, ke ELVI. Lena e ne e le lebitso la mohopolo oa koloi ea pele ea ho tsamaisa motlakase ea lapeng. Moetsi ea tsebahalang oa literekere le metjhini ea temo Ursus o ile a hlahisoa Hannover Fair ka Mmesa (6), e ileng ea fumana phatlalatso e pharalletseng mme e kopantsoe le Poland selemong sena. Khampani Hipolit Cegielski-Poznań e ikarabella bakeng sa koloi. ELVI e tla hlahisoa Lublin.

6. Ursus ELVI ho Hannover Messe ea morao tjena

Boima ba koloi bo fihla ho lithane tse 3,5. Bophahamo ba moroalo o fokolang ke 1100 kg, sebaka sa tefiso ea betri e le 'ngoe e tla ba lik'hilomithara tse 150, mme lebelo le phahameng ke 100 km / h. Joalokaha baemeli ba moetsi ba tiisa, litekanyo tsohle li ka fetoloa ho latela litlhoko tsa motho ka mong tsa basebelisi ba kamoso. Bophahamo ba koloi e tla ba hoo e ka bang 2 m, e le hore e ka kena habonolo, mohlala, sebaka sa ho paka ka tlas'a lefatše setsing sa mabenkele.

ELVI e tla fumaneha ka lienjine tse peli. Ea pele, enjene e nang le matla a 60-70 kW kapa hoo e ka bang 100 hp. e tla beoa bohareng. Ea bobeli, ho tla khoneha ho arola matla ka li-motor tse peli tsa 35 kW ka 'ngoe. Libetri tsa Lithium-Ion tse sebelisoang koloing li tla fana ka bokhoni ba ho potlakisa matla a 90% nakong ea metsotso e 15, e lokelang ho nkoa e le sephetho se setle haholo ha se bapisoa le tharollo e atisang ho fumanoa 'marakeng.

Koloi e khethehileng le e seng e entsoe ka bongata ke microcar ea motlakase e entsoeng Poland. Rome 4E (7), e kopantsoe le ho fanoa ke Arkus & Romet Group ho tloha ka 2012. Le ha lebitso lena le amahanngoa hantle le Sepolishe, mofuta oa tlhahiso ke mofuta o fapaneng oa koloi ea motlakase ea China e mamati a 5 eo re e kentseng. Yogomo MA4E. Koloi e tsamaisoa ke enjene ea motlakase ea brushless e nang le matla a phahameng a 5 kW (6,8 hp) le voltage ea 72 V.

Sebopeho sa phetisetso se lumella lebelo le holimo la 62 km / h. Matla a hlokahalang ho matlafatsa enjene a bolokiloe ka libeteri tse robong tsa lead-acid, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le matla a 150 Ah (kakaretso ea 1350 Ah) le motlakase oa 8 V. Lebelo le phahameng ke 90 km, empa sena se ka eketsoa ho 180 km. . km ka ho kenya tšebetsong mokhoa oa ho khanna oa moruo, o fokotsang lebelo le phahameng ho isa ho 42 km/h.

7. Romet 4E (mohloli: Wikipedia)

8 Siren Nicky (copyright: AK Motor)

E ntle, e potlakile ebile e phethehile ka botekgeniki ... litšoantšo tsa khomphutha

Ka bobeli FSE le ELVI bonyane likoloi tse seng li le teng, leha e le li-prototypes. Hoa etsahala hore ho thehoa ha mohlala ka maemo a Poland e se e le katleho e kholo. Ha re na khaello ea merero ea mofuta oa ephemeral haholo. Tsena li kenyelletsa, mohlala, Sir Nicky (tse robeli). Ho latela moetsi oa AK Motors, e tla ba koloi e nyane ea toropo e nang le lisebelisoa motlakase oa motlakasee ka jarang batho ba babedi le thoto e nyane. Libetri tse fanoang ka enjene li lumelletsoe sebaka sa lik'hilomithara tse 150 maemong a litoropo 'me li ka lefisoa ho fihla ho 90% ka metsotso e 15 feela.

Bothata feela ke hore mochine ona ... ha o teng ka 'mele. Bonyane ha ho motho lefatšeng la sebele ea e boneng. Leha ho le joalo, o ka bona CGI e ngata e ntle. Ka bomalimabe, sena se sebetsa le liphetolelong tse ling tsa AK Motors − Melusines Oraz Ligay.

Ka nako e 'ngoe, nyeoe ea ELV001 (9) e ne e le ea boemo bo phahameng - koloi e neng e lokela ho tsamaea lik'hilomithara tse 150 ka tefiso e le 'ngoe. E ne e lokela ho ba Sepolishe ka ho feletseng, i.e. e entsoe le ho hahoa ke baenjiniere ba rona. Ba bile ba fumana chelete ho tsoa European Union mme ba theha mohlala oa ELV8 bakeng sa limilione tse 001. Moralo oa kajeno oa kantle Michal Kraczyk, Seithuti sa PhD Sekolong sa Boithuto bo Botle sa Krakow. Lik'hamphani tsa malapeng tse kang Car Technology Production, KOMEL kapa Mielec Leopard li ne li ikarabella bakeng sa kaho. Mohlala ona o nkile likhoeli tse ka bang 20 ho phethoa, 'me ho ea ka Jerzy Czerkes, mohokahanyi oa morero oa Setsi sa Ntšetso-pele sa Libaka MARR ho Mielec, 90% ea likarolo li entsoe le ho hahoa sebakeng sa heno.

9.ELV001 (copyright: exeon.co)

Har'a melemo e hlalositsoeng ka ho pharaletseng ea ELV001, ho phaella ho 'mele o motle oa menyako e meraro, ho ne ho e-na le sebaka sa bapalami ba bane, kutu e kholo ea 310-litre le boima ba lik'hilograma tse 550. Ho khanna e ne e boetse e le ntlha e matla. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, sena se lumella ho boloka chelete e ngata (tefiso ea 100 km e ka bang PLN 4), 'me ka lehlakoreng le leng, e fana ka ts'ebetso e tsotehang. 41 HP E u lumella ho potlakisa ho tloha ho 0 ho isa ho 100 km / h. ka tlase ho metsotsoana e 6. Lebelo le phahameng e ne e le 110 km / h, 'me nako ea ho tjhaja betri e ne e tloha ho lihora tse 6 ho isa ho tse 8. Ha re akaretsa, re ka re ena ke koloi e nang le litekanyo tse seng tlase ho feta mefuta e hlōlisanang ea baetsi ba lefats'e ba amohelehang.

Litšenolo tsena kaofela li ne li bolela hore ka 2014 mecha ea litaba e ile ea ngola ka ELV001 e le tšepo ea indasteri ea likoloi tsa malapeng. Ho ne ho nahanoa hore kaha khopolo ea mochine o nang le ts'ebetso e ntle le koloi ea moruo e bōpiloe, mohlomong ntho e 'ngoe e tla qetella e tsamaea sefofaneng sena. Leha ho le joalo, ho ile ha khutsa ka mor’a moo. Motjhelete ha aa ka a fumanoa, 'me nyeoe e ile ea qhaloa. Ho phaella moo, bangoli ba morero ka bobona ha ba bolele hore sepheo sa bona e ne e le ho hlahisa koloi.

Sepheo se seholo e ne e le ho theha menyetla ea lik'hamphani tse nyenyane le tse mahareng tse tsoang indastering ea likoloi ho fumana phihlelo ea ho qapa le ho etsa likarolo tsa likoloi tsa motlakase. E ne e boetse e le mabapi le ho leka mehopolo le libopeho tsa naha. Ka sebele, ka lebaka la sena, lik'hamphani tse 'maloa li se li ntse li sebelisana kapa li khonne ho sebelisana le lik'hamphani tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa likoloi tsa Europe.

Empa na merero ea likoloi tsa motlakase tsa Poland e tla lula e le teng ka ho sa feleng tšimong ea mehopolo le li-prototypes tsa pele?

Charger ka lebenkeleng le ka lebone la seterateng

Tsoelo-pele ea likoloi tsa motlakase ha e hloke feela meralo e ntle ea likoloi, empa hape le lisebelisoa tsa motheo. 'Me ka taba ea hore Poland e ka' na ea fokola ho feta ka chelete bakeng sa matsete a lefapha lena. Hona joale ho lumeloa hore re na le hoo e ka bang. 130 liteishene ho tjhaja koloi ea motlakase (10). 'Me Jeremane, ho etsa mohlala, e se e ntse e le 125 sekete.

10. Google Map of Motlakase oa Libaka tsa ho Tlisa Likoloi tsa Poland (ho tsoa ho mytesla.com)

Ho ea ka morero oa mmuso "Package ea lipalangoang tse hloekileng", Poland ka 2020. 6 likete tse tloaelehileng le lintlha tse 400 tse potlakileng tsa ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase. Ho ea ka melao ea EU, bonyane ntlha e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea leshome e tlameha ho fihleloa ke sechaba.

Mecha ea litaba (ka mohlala, "Dziennik - Gazeta Prawna") e sa tsoa phatlalatsa lipalo tse kholoanyane - lilemong tse tlang re tla theha mesebetsi e meng e 10 2. libaka tsa ho tjhaja koloi ya motlakase. Hoo e ka bang halofo ea bona e tla ba seteisheneng sa tlhahlobo, tse ling tse XNUMX. ba tla haha ​​lintlha, ka mohlala, lifemeng tsa biogas, hammoho le lifemeng tse fehlang motlakase ka moea le ka metsi. Ha ho hlake hore na ho tla hlaha litheknoloji life lijajang tsena. Ho bohlokoa ho eketsa hore re se re thehile liteishene tse 'maloa re sebelisa tharollo Tesla Supercharger - ho kenyeletsa. Wroclaw, Katowice le Poznań.

10 ke tebello e matla haholo. Ba bang ba tla re ke ntho e sa utloahaleng. Leha ho le joalo, ho thata ho hana hore palo ea lisebelisoa tse joalo Poland e ntse e eketseha morao tjena. Ka mohlala, Łódź feela, PGE e sebetsa liteisheneng tsa ho tjhaja tse tšeletseng tse nang le matla a 50 kW se seng le se seng. Li tla hlahisoa karolong ea bobeli ea 2017. Basebelisi ba mehala le bona ba tlalehoa ba na le thahasello ea ho aha marang-rang a tjhaja ea likoloi tsa motlakase. Diporojeke tsena di tla tshehetswa ka ditjhelete ke Letlole la Dipalangwang tsa Moesi o Tlase kapa Letlole la Naha la Tshireletso ya Tikoloho le Taolo ya Metsi, ho itshetlehile ka tshebediso ya mehlodi ya matla a ka ntjhafatswang. Likhamphani tsa likoloi tse kang BMW, Ford, Daimler le Volkswagen le tsona li theha marang-rang a tsona a ho tjhaja Europe, ke hore Poland.

Ho na le batho ba bangata ba batlang ho qala khoebo ena. Qetellong ea 2016, hammoho le lebenkele la 80 Lidl Poland, seteishene sa pele sa ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase tsa ketane ena ea theolelo se ile sa buloa Poznań. Seteishene ha se lefelloe 'me se fumaneha nakong ea lihora tsa ho bula setsi. U ka e sebelisa - ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea ho tjhaja ka potlako, boemo bo ka bang 30% bo ka fihlelleha esita le ka metsotso e ka bang XNUMX. Moaho ka boona o futhumatsoa ke mocheso oa mocheso o tsoang ho mocheso o tšehetsoeng ke ho hlaphoheloa.

Libaka tsa ho tjhaja mahala le tsona li letsetsa ba bang ketane ea mabenkele. Mohopolo oa ho hohela bareki ka liteishene tsa ho tjhaja mahala o se o ntse o sebelisoa Europe, ho kenyeletsoa ke Aldi, E. Leclerc le Auchan. Naheng ea Poland, IKEA e boetse e theha liteishene tsa ho tjhaja likoloi tse joalo mabenkeleng a eona.

Lik'hamphani tse peli tsa 'muso tsa mafura Orlen le Lotos, tse ntseng li ka latela tsoelo-pele, li ntse li itokisetsa ho kena ka matla' marakeng. Orlen o bile le lijaja tse peli tsa Tesla liteisheneng tse fetang 1700 tsa ho tlatsa, 'me Lotos esale e le mofofisi liteisheneng tse khethiloeng tsa Tri-City ho tloha 2015 ho lumella ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase le tse nyalisitsoeng.

Khopolo e khahlisang ea meaho e ile ea hlaha sekhutlong se fapaneng ka ho felletseng sa Poland. Lublin University of Technology le PGE Dystrybucja li batla ho hlophisa ka kopanelo sistimi e ncha ea ho tjhaja koloi ea motlakase e tla sebelisa tjhaja e behiloeng kahare. Mabone a seterateng. Mosebetsi o tlameha ho phethoa ka 2020. Sepheo sa morero ke ho etsa bonnete ba ho tsamaea ka bolokolohi ha likoloi tsa motlakase ho pholletsa le Poland nakong e tlang. Lublin University of Technology e tla lokisa litharollo tsa tekheniki bakeng sa li-charger tse ncha, ha PGE Dystrybucja e tla hlokomela mananeo a IT a tla lumella li-charger hore li kopanngoe le mekhoa ea tsamaiso ea mochine oa phepelo ea matla. Ka lebaka leo, litefiso tsa motlakase tse sebelisetsoang ho lefisa likoloi li ka kenyelletsoa likoloto tsa motlakase tse lefshoang ke mokhanni sebakeng sa bolulo.

libeteri tsa koloi e tlameha ho qosoa ka matla a phahameng a 25 kW. Tefiso e felletseng e tla nka metsotso e ka bang 70. Li-charger li tla ba le mefuta e meraro ea li-plug, tse u lumellang ho hokahanya mefuta e fapaneng ea likoloi tsa motlakase. Li tlameha ho ba tse peli, ke hore. fana ka hape ho khutlisa matla ho tsoa ho libeteri ho sistimi, ha ho hlokahala. Ka lebaka la phapang ea theko ea motlakase ka linako tse itseng tsa letsatsi, tharollo ena e tla thusa bakhanni ho fumana chelete e eketsehileng. Litsenyehelo tsa tjhaja e le 'ngoe li hakanyetsoa ho li-ruble tse ka bang 40 tse likete. zloty. Leha ho le joalo, baetsi ba morero ha ba rera ho kenya letsoho tlhahisong ea bona - merero ea tjhaja e tla fumaneha ho bahlahisi ba nang le thahasello motheong oa laesense e bulehileng.

Warsaw ntle le litsebi tsa motlakase tsa toropo - ba tla ea Wroclaw

Motse-moholo, har'a lintho tse ling, ho tla khoneha ho lefella likoloi tsa motlakase ka pel'a ntlo-khōlō ea matla a amehileng ka RWE ho Wybrzez Szczecinsk, hammoho le libakeng tse 'maloa tsa mabenkele, mohlala, Galeria Mokotów, Arkadia, CH Warszawa Wileńska. le Blue City. E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea lintho tsena e ka phethoa ho tloha metsotso e 40 ho isa ho hora.

Qetellong ea Phuptjane 2016, Bolaoli ba Lipalangoang ba Sechaba bo phatlalalitse lenaneo la moralo, ts'ebetsong le ts'ebetso ea lits'ebetso tsa ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase le tsa lebasetere libakeng tsa boikhathollo tsa likoloi tsa P + R ho la Warsaw.

Leha ho le joalo, ho fihlela joale, marang-rang a sa lekaneng a liteishene tsa likoloi tsa motlakase e ne e le le leng la mabaka a entseng hore mmuso oa lehae oa Warsaw o leke ho qala seo ho thoeng ke. ho arolelana koloi, qetellong e ile ea tlohela tlhokahalo ea hore morero o kenyelletse likoloi tsa motlakase. Mohlomong ea pele tlholisanong ena e tla ba Wroclaw, moo likoloi tsa toropo tsa motlakase li tla ea literateng nakong ea selemo ea 2018.

Ka February 2017, ho ile ha tekenoa tumellano pakeng tsa toropo le k'hamphani ea Enigma, e ikarabellang bakeng sa ts'ebetsong ea morero. Motse-moholo oa Lower Silesia ke ho qala ka likoloi tsa motlakase tse 200 tse fumanehang ho moahi e mong le e mong - mefuta e 190 ea Nissan Leaf le 10 Nissan VANs.

Likoloi li ke ke tsa lokoloha - tefiso e hakanyetsoang e tla ba PLN 1 k'hilomithara. Libuka li ka etsoa ka sebaka sa marang-rang kapa sesebelisoa sa mohala, se tla u lumella ho lekola boteng ba likoloi ka bomong toropong. Ho bula le ho qala koloi ho tla boela ho etsoe ho sebelisoa mofuta ona oa kopo. Hoa tšoana le ka litefo. Tefo kapa tefo e etsoa ka mor'a ho khutla ha koloi. Ho feta moo, ho tla hahuoa liteishene tsa ho tjhaja likoloi tse leshome le metso e 'meli.

11. Ho kenya koloi bohareng ba Warsaw (setšoantšo: blog.kurasinski.com)

Matona a ntse a sotha

Ho na le maikutlo a fapaneng mabapi le lepetjo la likoloi tsa motlakase tse milione litseleng tsa Poland bohareng ba lilemo tse leshome tse tlang. Ho na le likahlolo tse ngata tsa hore ts'ebetsong ea moralo ha e khonehe. Hobane phetoho ea motlakase e hloka chelete ea phetoho, matsete a maholo, mananeo a tšehetso bakeng sa bakhanni, lik'hamphani, mekhatlo le mebuso ea libaka. Ho sa le joalo, mecheng ea litaba, motho o se a ka fumana litlaleho tsa likhohlano le likhohlano tabeng ena pakeng tsa mekhatlo e lokelang ho phahamisa maikutlo a puso.

Pulse of Business e ngotse hore ofisi ea Tona-Kholo le Lekala la Lichelete ha ba batle ho ba le likoloi tsa motlakase ka har'a likepe tsa bona. Empa e ne e le tsamaiso ea mmuso, ho kenyeletsoa le mafapha, a neng a tlameha ho tumisa mofuta ona oa lipalangoang le ho beha mohlala.

Ho sa le joalo, hlooho ea Ofisi ea Tona-khōlō, Beata Kempa, ha a bua ka tlaleho ea Krzysztof Czorzewski e qotsitsoeng qalong, e fana ka maikutlo a ho qhelela ka thōko likoloi tse sebelisoang ofising ho tloha mererong e tlang, kaha tokomane "ha e nahane ka maemo a ts'ebetso ea mekhatlo e meng ea tsamaiso, joalo ka hlooho ea Ofisi ea Tonakholo ". Lekala la Litaba tsa Kantle ho naha le hlalosa hore ba sebelisa likoloi tse hapuoeng ho tsoa linaheng tse ling, kahoo ba ke ke ba reka likoloi tse ncha, 'me ho tla ba thata ho eena ho reka likoloi tsa motlakase. Ntho e makatsang ka ho fetisisa ke hore Lekala la Lichelete, ke hore, lekala le etelletsoeng pele ke Mateusz Morawiecki, e mong oa bahlohlelletsi ba kholo ka ho fetisisa ba motlakase, le bona ba batla ho qoba basebetsi ba motlakase.

Ba boholong ba boetse ba belaella mohopolo oa ho fa likoloi tsa motlakase tsela ea libese. Ka hona, e 'ngoe ea lithapo tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa ho fetohela ho setsebi sa motlakase ea nyamela. Ho thoe’ng ka khefutso ea lekhetho, litefiso tsa ho paka makoloi le lintho tse ling tse tla etsa hore batho ba sebelise likoloi tsa motlakase?

Mathoasong a May, Krzysztof Kowalczyk o ile a itokolla mosebetsing, ea sa tsoa matha ElectroMobility Poland. Le hoja Maciej Kos, Mopresidente oa EMP, a boletse polelong e atileng hore "mekhoa eohle ea k'hamphani e sebetsa hantle 'me ho felisoa ha konteraka le Krzysztof Kowalczyk ha ho sokele merero leha e le efe e entsoeng ke EMP", ho tlohela mosebetsi ka potlako ho etsa joalo. e se ke ea kenya letsoho ho theheng boemo ba leholimo bo nang le tšepo mabapi le projeke ea tlhaho ea motlakase.

Ho thata ho hlokomela hore ts'ebetsong ea lipono tse boletsoeng e ke ke ea e-ba mosebetsi o bonolo. Chelete bakeng sa matsete ka tekanyo e hlokahalang ho nts'etsapele le ho qala tlhahiso, i.e. tse kholo ha lia lebelloa, 'me merero ea Poland e senotsoeng ho fihlela joale ha e so theoleloe ke litharollo tsa tekheniki.

Mohlomong re lokela ho tsamaea ka tsela e 'ngoe le ho e-na le ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho moralo oa "Tesla ea bobeli", i.e. ka ho etsisa le ho bula mamati a seng a bulehile, ho nahana ka ho fumana tharollo ea mathata a tebileng a theknoloji a ntseng a sebetsa haholo likoloing tsa motlakase. ha hoa lekana, empa ho ne ho se motho lefatšeng ea ka sebetsanang le tsona? Mohlomong u lokela ho batla litsela tsa ho eketsa lebelo, lebelo la tefiso, polokelo ea matla, tsamaiso ea matla ts'ebelisong ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea koloi, 'me ke mang ea tsebang, mohlomong le mehloli e mecha ea matla?

Tsela ena e itšetlehile feela ka tekanyo e itseng ka boemo ba matsete. Ho hongata ho tla itšetleha ka mekhoa e mecha, eo Mapolesa a nang le eona e lekaneng.