Frame SUV - ke eng? Sesebelisoa le molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso. Foto le video

Joalokaha re ngotse pejana webosaeteng ea rona ea Vodi.su, liphapang tse kholo lipakeng tsa SUV le crossover ke boteng ba mabili ohle, mokotla oa phetisetso o nang le gear ea ho fokotsa, phapang ea interaxle kapa interwheel e ka tima, le SUV ea 'nete e na le foreimi ea mochini.

Kahoo ho hlaha potso, e tla tšohloa sehloohong sena - foreimi le foreimi SUV ke eng?

Foreimi ea koloi - sesebelisoa le morero

Ho fihlela joale, e tloaelehileng haholo ke mefuta e latelang ea libopeho tsa 'mele:

• foreimi;
• ka 'mele o jereng mojaro;
• e nang le foreimi e kopaneng.

Phapang pakeng tsa bona ke ea bohlokoa.

1. Tabeng ea pele, foreimi ke skeleton ea koloi 'me likarolo tse ling kaofela li khomaretsoe ho eona: ho emisoa,' mele ka boeona, lihlopha tsohle.
2. Tabeng ea bobeli, ntlo e sebetsa e le foreimi 'me likarolo tsohle le likopano li khomaretsoe ho eona. Likoloi tse nang le foreimi e kopantsoeng li fapane le likoloi tsa foreimi ka hore foreimi e kopantsoe ka thata le 'mele, ke hore, sena ke ho sekisetsa ho joalo pakeng tsa mefuta e' meli e fetileng.

Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea foreimi ea koloi:

• li-spars - foreimi e na le li-spars - tse kopantsoeng ke welding, bolts kapa rivets - le litho tsa sefapano pakeng tsa spars;
• mokokotlo - setsi sa foreimi ke pipe ea phetisetso, eo ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e seng e khomaretsoe;
• fork-spinal - lifereko tse tsoang ho li-spars li khomaretsoe phala ea phetisetso bakeng sa ho kenya likarolo tsa matla ho tsona;
• setsi sa ho jara thepa - foreimi e kopantsoe le fatše ea koloi, e leng se hlahisang sethala se jereng mojaro moo cab, diyuniti, ho emisoa li kenngoa teng.

Ho fokotsa boima ba likoloi tsa lipapali, ho sebelisoa liforeimi tsa tubula kapa tsa lattice tse cheselitsoeng ho tloha liphaepheng tse bobebe. Foreimi ena e tšoana le latice, ke ka lebaka leo e ileng ea reha lebitso la eona.

E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea mefuta ena ea liforeimi e arotsoe ka palo e kholo ea li-subspecies, hoo e batlang e le moetsi leha e le ofe o leka ho tlisa ntho ea bona ho moralo.

Mohlala, liforeimi tsa spar li na le sebopeho sa X, se pharalla, lere, sebopeho sa X se pharalletseng, joalo-joalo. Hape ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore li-SUV tse ngata li hahiloe motheong oa liforeimi tsa spar.

Foreimi ke karolo e boima ka ho fetisisa ea koloi efe kapa efe, e nkang hoo e ka bang 15-20 lekholong ka boima ba 'mele. Ke ka lebaka leo li-SUV tsa foreimi li ka bang boima ba lithane tse tharo le halofo, kapa ho feta, ha mokhoa oa kajeno ke hore baetsi ba leka ho fokotsa boima ba koloi ka kakaretso.

Litlhokahalo tse 'maloa li behiloe molemong oa likoloi tsa sejoale-joale, ho kenyeletsoa le li-SUV:

• matla - e tlameha ho mamella ho kobeha ho fapaneng, meroalo ea torsion;
• rigidity - nakong ea ts'ebetso, e tiisa boemo bo sa fetoheng ba li-node tsohle tse khomaretsoeng ho eona;
• bobebe - boemo ba tšebeliso ea mafura, hammoho le litšenyehelo tsa ho hlahisa koloi, ho itšetlehile ka parameter ena;
• ho boloka botsitso;
• manufacturability - boiketlo ba tlhahiso le tlhokomelo.

Kahoo, sepheo sa mantlha sa foreimi ea SUV:

• nka le ho aba mojaro;
• boloka tlhophiso e tšoanang ea li-unit, likarolo tsa 'mele, ho tsamaisana ha li-axles le manonyeletso a bokahohle;
• phetisetso ea matla ho tloha mochineng oa ho tsamaisa, tsamaiso ea brake, li-axles ho boima ba koloi.

Melemo le likotsi tsa kaho ea foreimi

Likoloi tsa pele li ne li e-na le sebopeho sa foreimi. Lintho tse ngata li fetohile ho tloha mehleng eo, empa, joalokaha re bona, baenjiniere ha baa ka ba lahla foreimi e tšehetsang.

Melemo ea eona ke efe?

Pele ho tsohle, ho bonolo haholo ho e etsa, ho bonolo haholo ho baenjiniere ho bala sebopeho le moralo oa foreimi, hammoho le litšobotsi tsa eona. Athe ho bōptjoa ha likoloi tse nang le 'mele oa monocoque ho hloka hore ho sebelisoe mekhoa e rarahaneng ea ho bala.

Tšobotsi ea bobeli ea bohlokoa ke boiketlo ba bapalami ka bobona. Sena se finyelloa ka manonyeletso a rekere le li-dampers tsa rabara, tse kang liphahlo tsa rabara tse matlafalitsoeng. Li-SUV tsa foreimi li na le molumo o betere oa ho kenya molumo le ho itšehla thajana, kaha meroalo eohle e tsoang ho ho emisoa e fetisetsoa foreiming ebe e kolobisitsoe ke sistimi ea ho monya ho ts'oenyeha.

Taba ea boraro, foreimi e eketsa haholo menyetla ea ho lokisa le ho fetola sebopeho sa koloi. E ka lelefatsa kapa ea khutsufatsoa ntle le mathata leha e le afe, hobane sena se lekane ho kenya li-spars tse khutšoanyane, kapa ka tsela e fapaneng, eketsa litho tsa sefapano (haeba u na le lisebelisoa tse loketseng le tsebo). Ho phaella moo, li-cabs tse fapaneng le mefuta ea 'mele li ka kenngoa ka foreimi e le' ngoe.

Likoloi tsa foreimi ha li rate ho bola (ho makatsang ke hore sena ke 'nete). Lebaka lohle ke hore ho na le lifofane tse fokolang tse patiloeng, 'me foreimi ka boeona e na le moea o motle.

Ho bonolo ho e phekola ka li-anti-corrosion agents. Hantle, u se ke ua lebala hore foreimi e bokelloa ho tloha tšepe e tšoarellang haholoanyane, 'me litho tsa sefapano le li-spars li teteaneng.

Ha e le hantle, ho na le mathata a mangata:

• keketseho e kholo ea boima ka litlamorao tsohle tse latelang - ho sebelisoa mafura a mangata, ho hlokahala enjene e matla haholoanyane, lebelo le tlase;
• li-spars "li ja" karolo ea sebaka se ka sebelisoang, ka ho latellana, sebaka se ka hare se sa phutholohang, ka hona boholo ba bohlokoa ba li-SUV tsa foreimi;
• foreimi e ka tlaase ho 'mele o jereng mojaro ho ea ka boima ba torsional - mohlomong u hlokometse hore ho bonolo ho sotha, ka mohlala, letlapa la karete e thata ho feta lebokose la lebokose;
• tšireletseho e mpe le ho feta e sa sebetseng ka lebaka la monyetla oa hore moaho o robehe lithabeng le ho senyeha ho eketsehileng.

Ka ho fetisisa ratoa foreime SUVs

Ho hlakile hore ha ho letho le loketseng 'me e mong le e mong o iketsetsa qeto ea hore na a etse sehlabelo sefe ha a reka koloi e itseng. Leha ho le joalo, li-SUV tsa foreimi li ntse li solla litseleng tsa rona.

Lehae - mefuta eohle ea UAZ e seng tseleng: UAZ 469, UAZ Hunter, UAZ Patriot, UAZ 3160. Ka sebele, likoloi tsa UAZ li tla khona ho khanna hohle. Ke 'nete, haeba u hopola mehlala ea pele, ha ea ka ea fapana ka matšeliso. Tse ling tsa sejoale-joale li ka qothisana lehlokoa le mehlala e metle ea li-SUV tsa kantle ho naha, empa, ka bomalimabe, ha li fapane moruong.

Papiso ea mehlala e meng mabapi le botsitso ka liphello tse ka pele. (ho tloha ho 1 ho isa ho 10)

Toyota - sengolong se mabapi le li-crossovers tsa Majapane le li-SUV ho Vodi.su, re thathamisitse li-SUV tsohle tsa k'hamphani ena: Land Cruisers, Tundra, Sequoia, Hilux kaofela ke li-SUV tsa foreimi.

Li-SUV tse theko e boima ka ho fetisisa tse nang le foreimi li kenyelletsa lihlopha tsa G, GL, GLA le GLK tse tsoang Mercedes. Ha e le hantle, kaofela li bitsoa - Koloi e tsamaeang ka ntle ho tsela, e bolelang "Off-road".

Likoloi tsa M-class li boetse li hahiloe motheong oa sebopeho sa foreimi.

Land Rover Defender, Jeep Wrangler, Volkswagen Amarok, BMW X1-X6, Opel Antara le Frontera, Dodge RAM, Ford Expedition. Le likoloi tsa China tse theko e tlaase tse tsoang Great Wall, kapa SsangYong ea Korea le tsona ke li-SUV tsa foreimi.

Video e mabapi le mefuta ea Great Wall.

Papiso ea tse ntle ka ho fetisisa: Land Cruiser 200 vs. Nissan Patrol.

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