Tlholisano ea tlhahiso lipakeng tsa Airbus le Boeing ka 2018
Mohlala o latelang oa Boeing 777-9X o bokelloa setsing sa Everett. Litšoantšo tsa Boeing
Selemong se fetileng, baetsi ba babeli ba kholo ka ho fetisisa, Airbus le Boeing, ba ile ba fana ka rekoto ea lifofane tsa khoebo tsa 1606 ho lifofane tsa lifofane 'me ba fumana litaelo tsa marang-rang tsa 1640. Hanyane ka pele ho Boeing ka thepa le thekiso ea selemo le selemo, empa Airbus e na le buka e kholoanyane ea liodara. Palo ea lifofane tse nang le konteraka e eketsehile ho ea ho li-unit tse likete tse 13,45, tseo, boemong ba hona joale ba tlhahiso, e fanang ka tsona ka lilemo tse robeli. Tse tsebahalang haholo ke letoto la A320neo le Boeing 737 MAX, tse hapileng sehlooho sa lifofane tse rekisoang ka ho fetesisa nalaneng.
Lipalangoang ka sefofane ke indasteri ea lipalangoang e ntseng e tsoela pele ka matla, empa e hloka litšenyehelo tse kholo tsa lichelete le basebetsi ba tšoanelehang haholo. Mesebetsi ea lipalangoang lefatšeng ka bophara e etsoa ke lifofane tse fetang likete tse peli tse nang le lifofane tsa lifofane tsa batho ba likete tse 29,3. sefofane. Palo ea maeto a sekepe e ntse e eketseha butle-butle mme palo ea bapalami e imena habeli lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 'maloa. Ka hona, e le ho netefatsa tsoelo-pele e eketsehileng, likepe li tlameha ho eketseha ka lipalo. Ho feta moo, melao e thata e ntseng e eketseha ea tikoloho le litheko tse sa tsitsang tsa mafura a jete li qobella bajari hore ba tlohele lifofane tse theko e tlase. Ho hakanngoa hore nakong ea lilemo tse mashome a mabeli ba tla reka lifofane tse khōlō tse 37,4 5,8 feela. likotoana, ka chelete e ka bang $ 1870 trillion. Sena se bolela hore baetsi ba lifofane ba tla tlameha ho isa lifofane tse XNUMX ho lifofane tsa lifofane selemo le selemo.
Ka lilemo tse mashome, 'maraka oa moetsi o ne o laoloa ke mabitso a Amerika le Soviet,' me Airbus e ile ea kenella tlhōlisanong ea lilemo tse 47 tse fetileng. Moetsi oa Europe o lula a hlahisa lifofane tsa sejoale-joale tse atlehileng khoebong 'me li ntse li matlafatsa maemo a tsona' marakeng oa lefatše selemo le selemo. Tlhōlisano le ho kopanya indastering ea lifofane li siile baetsi ba babeli feela ba ka sehloohong ba lifofane tse kholo tsa puisano: American Boeing le European Airbus. Tlhōlisano ea bona ke pale e tsotehang ea mathata a moruo le a theknoloji a fetohileng letšoao la tlhōlisano ea moruo pakeng tsa United States le European Union.
Ts'ebetso ea bahlahisi ka 2018
Airbus le Boeing li ile tsa haha lifofane tsa khoebo tsa 1606 selemong se fetileng, ho kenyelletsa le Boeing 806 (kabelo ea 'maraka ea 50,2%) le Airbus 800, e phahameng ka ho fetisisa. Ha ho bapisoa le selemo se fetileng, lifofane tse ling tsa 125 li ile tsa hlahisoa (keketseho ea 8,4%), eo: Airbus ka 82, Boeing ka 43. Karolo e kholo ka ho fetisisa e baloa ke lifofane tse fokolang tsa 'mele oa Airbus A320 le Boeing 737 letoto, tse 1206 ho tsona li hahiloe, e leng karolo ea 75% ea ho tsamaisoa. Tsena e ne e le likoloi tsa sejoale-joale, tse se nang tikoloho, tse nang le likoloi tse 340. litulo tsa baeti. Lethathamo la bona la lethathamo le ne le ka ba $230 limilione tse likete.
Ka bobeli bahlahisi ba ile ba fumana litaelo tsa lifofane tsa 1921, ho akarelletsa le: Boeing - 1090, le Airbus - 831. Leha ho le joalo, ho nahanoa ka ho hlakoloa ha 281 ho tloha likonteraka tse phethiloeng pele, thekiso ea marang-rang e fihlile ho lihlopha tsa 1640, tseo: Boeing - 893 le Airbus - 747. maemong a mang, bajari ba fetotse likonteraka tse fetileng ho tloha ho mehlala e menyenyane ho ea ho tse kholoanyane kapa tsa morao-rao. Boleng ba lethathamo la litaelo tse fumanoeng e ne e le $ 240,2 limilione tse likete, ho kenyelletsa: Boeing - $ 143,7 limilione tse likete, Airbus - $ 96,5 limilione tse likete.
Ka tloaelo, palo e kholo ea likonteraka e ile ea phethoa lipontšong tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa moea. Mohlala, lenaneong la selemo se fetileng la Farnborough, Boeing e amohetse litaelo kapa boitlamo ba lifofane tse 673 (ho kenyeletsoa 564 B737 MAX le 52 B787), ha Airbus e rekisitse lifofane tse 431, tse 93 tsa tsona e le litaelo tse netefalitsoeng le boitlamo ba 338. Hape ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore palo e kholo ea likonteraka e phethoa qetellong ea selemo. Tabeng ea Airbus feela, likonteraka tse tlamang li ile tsa tekenoa bakeng sa lifofane tse 323 bekeng e fetileng ea selemo, ha li bapisoa le tse 66 feela kotareng eohle ea pele ea 2018. $2M).
Qetellong ea 2018, li-portfolio tsa litaelo tse hlahelletseng tse sebelisoang ke lik'hamphani ka bobeli li ne li e-na le maemo a 13, ao, boemong ba hona joale ba tlhahiso, a ba fang lilemo tse fetang tse robeli. Ena ke palo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa nalaneng ea indasteri ea lifofane lefatšeng ka bophara. Boleng ba lethathamo la lifofane tse nang le konteraka bo hakanngoa ho feta $450 trillion. Ho bapisa, ho bohlokoa ho bolela mona hore sena se feta makhetlo a mararo ho feta, mohlala, GDP ea Poland. Airbus e na le buka e kholoanyane ea liodara - 2,0 7577 (kabelo ea 56%). Har'a lifofane tse emetseng ho rekisoa, palo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea lifofane tse nang le 'mele o moqotetsane ke 11,2. likhomphutha (84% ea 'maraka). Ka lehlakoreng le leng, lihlopha tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa VLA (litulo tse fetang 400 kapa tse nang le thepa e lekanang) ke 111 feela, 'me sena ke haholo-holo Airbus A380.
Liphetho tsa tlhahiso ea Airbus
Leha ho na le mathata a maholo a ts'ebetso, Airbus e atlehile ho boloka mokhoa ona ka ho nyolla tlhahiso hape le ho fana ka palo ea rekoto ea lifofane ho bareki ka selemo sa 2018. Ke rata ho bontša tlhompho le tlhompho ea ka ho lihlopha tsa rona lefatšeng ka bophara. Re kolota sephetho sena ka boiteko ba bona le ho sebetsa ka thata ho fihlela matsatsing a ho qetela a selemo. Ha re thabele palo e tiileng ea liodara tse ncha, kaha sena se bontša boemo bo botle ba 'maraka oa lifofane tsa sechaba le tšepo eo borakonteraka ba rona ba e behang ho rona. Ke rata ho ba leboha ka mofuthu bakeng sa tšehetso ea bona e tsoelang pele. "Ha re batla litharollo tse tla re thusa ho eketsa ts'ebetso ea lifeme tsa rona, re tsoela pele ho beha khoebo ea rona pele," ho boletse Guillaume Faury, Mopresidente oa Airbus Commercial Aircraft, ha a phatlalatsa liphetho tsa selemo se fetileng.
Selemong se fetileng e bile selemo se seng se setle bakeng sa Airbus. Moetsi oa Europe o ile a fana ka lifofane tsa 93 ho basebetsi ba 800, tse emelang 49,8% ea 'maraka oa lefats'e bakeng sa baetsi ba lifofane ba nang le litulo tse 100 kapa ho feta. Ena ke phello e ntle ka ho fetisisa historing ea consortium, hammoho le keketseho ea leshome le metso e tšeletseng e latellanang ea tlhahiso. Ha ho bapisoa le selemong se fetileng, ho hahiloe lifofane tse ling tse 82. Leha ho le joalo, ha ho hlahlojoa liphetho tsa ts'ebetso, ho lokela ho nahanoa hore halofo ea bobeli ea selemo Airbus e fumane likarolo k'hamphaning ea Canada e etsang le ho rekisa Bombardier CSeries.
Karolong e moqotetsane ea lifofane, Airbus e thehile rekoto e ncha ea lefats'e bakeng sa ho tsamaisoa: 646, ho tloha ho 558 selemo pejana. Ho tsamaisoa ha likoloi tse nang le 'mele o pharaletseng ho fihlile ho 142 mme li-unit tse 18 li fokotsehile, palo ea A350s e hahiloeng e eketsehile ka 15, ho tloha ho 78 ho ea ho li-unit tse 93, le A330 e fokotsehile ho tloha ho 67 ho ea ho 49 units, ho tloha ho 380 ho ea ho 15 units.
Boleng ba lethathamo la sefofane se hahiloeng bo hakanngoa hore bo ka ba lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 110, empa boleng ba 'nete bo fumanoeng ka mor'a lipuisano le litheolelo tse tloaelehileng li ka ba $60-70 bilione. Ka lebaka la mathata a lienjineri tsa A320neo/A321neo le ho tsamaisoa ha tsona ka mokhoa o sa tsitsang, hammoho le mathata a amanang le lisebelisoa tsa boto, lipalo tsa khoeli le khoeli tsa phetisetso li ile tsa fapana haholo. Airbus e fane ka lifofane tse 27 ka Pherekhong, 38 ka Hlakola, 56 ka Hlakubele, le 127 ka Hlakubele.
Sefofane se isoa ho basebetsi (li-unit tse 800) li ne li le ka liphetoho tse latelang: A220-100 - 4 diyuniti, A220-300 - 16, A319ceo - 8, A320ceo - 133, A320neo - 284, A321ceo - 99, A321 - 102, A330 - . 200 - 14, A330-300 - 32, A330-900 - 3, A350-900 - 79, A350-1000 - 14 le A380 - 12. Bareki ba kholo ka ho fetisisa ba fumaneng lifofane tse ncha ka ho toba ho moetsi e ne e le lifofane tse tsoang libakeng: Asia le lihlekehleke tsa Pacific Ocean - 270, Europe - 135 le Amerika Leboea le Boroa. - 110. Ho phaella moo, lifofane tsa 250 (kabelo ea 31%) li ile tsa amoheloa ke lik'hamphani tse hirisang, tse ileng tsa li abela basebetsi ba ka bang leshome le metso e 'meli lefatšeng ka bophara.
Moetsi oa Europe o ile a fumana litaelo tse tsoang ho basebetsi ba 32 bakeng sa lifofane tsa 831, ho akarelletsa le: lifofane tse 712 tse moqotetsane (135 A220-300, 5 A319ceo, 22 A319neo, 19 A320ceo, 393 A320neo, 2 A321ceo le 136 A321 hammoho le 37 A330 le 6 A330) 200 A3 -330, 300 A8-330, 800 A20-330 le 900 A62-350), 61 A350 (900 A1-350 le 1000 A20-380) le 117,2 A84. Lithekong tsa lethathamo, boleng ba litaelo tse fumanoeng e ne e le $ 20,7 limilione tse likete. Leha ho le joalo, Airbus e tlaleha ho hlakoloa ha lifofane tse 36 tse neng li rekoa pele ka boleng ba lethathamo la lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 320. Taba ea ho itokolla e ne e le: 10 A330 lifofane, 22 A350 lifofane, 16 A380 lifofane le 747 A45,5 letoto la lifofane. Ha ho nahanoa ka liphetoho tse entsoeng, thekiso ea kakaretso e fihlile ho li-unit tse 96,5 (kabelo ea 25% ea 'maraka). Sena hape ke sephetho se setle ebile ke se seng sa tse ntlehali nalaneng ea indasteri ea lifofane. Litaelo tsa boleng ba lethathamo la likhakanyo tse fumanoeng ke $ 1109 bilione. Liphetho tsa selemo se fetileng li tlase ka 320% ho feta tsa selemo se fetileng (531). Letoto la A330neo le ntse le tsoela pele ho thabela botumo bo boholo, ka taelo ea letlooa la lifofane tsa 350. Mohlala ona o tiisa sehlooho sa "sefofane se rekisoang ka ho fetisisa historing", ha 'mele o pharaletseng oa AXNUMX le AXNUMX o ne o thabela thahasello e fokolang ho bajari.
