Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea turbocharger le moralo oa eona

Turbocharger (turbine) ke mochine o sebelisoang likoloing ho qobella moea ho kena ka har'a li-cylinders tsa enjene e tukang e ka hare. Tabeng ena, turbine e tsamaisoa feela ke ho phalla ha likhase tsa ho tsoa. Tšebeliso ea turbocharger e u lumella ho eketsa matla a enjene ho fihlela ho 40% ha u ntse u boloka boholo ba eona bo kopaneng le tšebeliso e tlase ea mafura.

Tsela eo turbine e hlophisitsoeng ka eona, molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea eona

Turbocharger e tloaelehileng e na le:

1. Mmele E entsoe ka tšepe e thibelang mocheso. E na le sebopeho sa helical se nang le li-tubes tse peli tse fapaneng tse fapaneng tse fanoeng ka li-flange bakeng sa ho kenngoa tsamaisong ea khatello ea maikutlo.
2. Lebili la turbine. E fetola matla a mokelikeli hore e be potoloho ea shaft eo e tsitsitseng ka thata ho eona. E entsoe ka thepa e thibelang mocheso.
3. Lebili la Compressor. E amohela ho potoloha ho tsoa lebiling la turbine ebe e pompa moea ka har'a lisilindara tsa enjene. The compressor impeller hangata e entsoe ka aluminium, e fokotsang tahlehelo ea matla. Puso ea mocheso sebakeng sena e haufi le e tloaelehileng 'me ha ho hlokahale hore ho sebelisoe lisebelisoa tse thibelang mocheso.
4. Mokotla oa turbine. E hokela mabili a turbine (compressor le turbine).
5. Li-bearings kapa li-ball bearings. Ho hlokahala ho hokahanya shaft ka tlung. Moqapi o ka ba le lisebelisoa tse le 'ngoe kapa tse peli (li-bearings). Tse morao li tlotsoa ke sistimi e akaretsang ea ho tlotsa enjene.
6. belofo ea bypass. PE etselitsoe ho laola phallo ea likhase tsa mouoane tse sebetsang lebiling la turbine. Sena se o nolofalletsa ho laola matla a boost. Valve e nang le sebatli sa moea. Sebaka sa eona se laoloa ke enjene ECU, e amohelang letšoao ho tsoa ho sensor ea lebelo.

Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea turbine lienjineng tsa peterole le disele ke tse latelang:

• Likhase tsa mouoane li lebisitsoe ntlong ea turbocharger moo li sebetsang ka mahare a turbine.
• Lebili la turbine le qala ho potoloha le ho potlakisa. Lebelo la ho potoloha ha turbine ka lebelo le phahameng le ka fihla ho 250 rpm.
• Ka mor'a ho feta ka lebili la turbine, likhase tsa ho ntša metsi li ntšoa ka har'a tsamaiso ea ho ntša metsi.
• Mokelikeli oa compressor o pota-pota ka ho lumellana (hobane o holim'a shaft e le 'ngoe le turbine)' me o tsamaisa moea o hatelitsoeng ho intercooler ebe o ea ho enjene e kenang ka bongata.

Litšobotsi tsa turbine

Ha ho bapisoa le mochini oa compressor o tsamaisoang ke crankshaft, molemo oa turbine ke hore ha e hule matla ho tsoa enjene, empa e sebelisa matla a lihlahisoa tsa eona. Ho theko e tlase ho e etsa ebile ho theko e tlase ho e sebelisa.

Le hoja ka botekgeniki turbine ea enjene ea diesel e hlile e tšoana le ea enjene ea peterole, e atile haholo enjeneng ea diesel. Karolo e ka sehloohong ke mekhoa ea ts'ebetso. Ka hona, lisebelisoa tse sa keneleng mocheso li ka sebelisoa bakeng sa enjine ea disele, kaha mocheso oa mocheso oa khase o tsoa ho 700 ° C lienjineng tsa disele le ho tloha ho 1000 ° C lienjineng tsa peterole. Sena se bolela hore ha ho khonehe ho kenya turbine ea diesel ho enjene ea peterole.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, litsamaiso tsena li boetse li na le maemo a fapaneng a khatello ea matla. Tabeng ena, ho lokela ho nahanoa hore katleho ea turbine e itšetlehile ka litekanyo tsa eona tsa geometri. Khatello ea moea e bululetsoeng ka har'a lisilindara ke kakaretso ea likarolo tse peli: 1 khatello ea sepakapaka hammoho le khatello e feteletseng e entsoeng ke turbocharger. E ka ba ho tloha ho 0,4 ho ea ho 2,2 atmosphere kapa ho feta. Kaha molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea turbine enjene ea diesel o lumella khase e ngata ea ho tima hore e kenngoe, moralo oa enjene ea peterole o ke ke oa kenngoa esita le lienjineng tsa disele.

Mefuta le bophelo ba ts'ebeletso ea li-turbocharger

Phoso e kholo ea turbine ke phello ea "turbo lag" e hlahang ka lebelo le tlase la enjene. E emela ho lieha ha nako ho arabela phetoho ea lebelo la enjene. Ho hlola bofokoli bona, ho entsoe mefuta e fapaneng ea li-turbocharger:

• Sistimi ea meqolo e habeli. Moqapi o fana ka likanale tse peli tse arolang kamore ea turbine, ka lebaka leo, phallo ea khase ea ho tsoa. Sena se fana ka linako tsa karabelo tse potlakileng, ts'ebetso e phahameng ea turbine le ho thibela ho koaloa ha likou tsa mosi.
• Turbine e nang le geometry e fapaneng (nozzle e nang le geometry e fapaneng). Moralo ona o sebelisoa haholo lienjineng tsa disele. E fana ka phetoho karolong e ka holimo ea ho kena ho turbine ka lebaka la ho tsamaea ha mahare a eona. Ho fetola angle ea ho potoloha ho u lumella ho fetola phallo ea likhase tsa ho qeta, kahoo u fetola lebelo la likhase tsa ho qeta le lebelo la enjene. Lienjiniere tsa peterole, li-turbine tsa geometry tse feto-fetohang li atisa ho fumanoa likoloing tsa lipapali.

Bobebe ba li-turbocharger ke ho fokola ha turbine. Bakeng sa lienjine tsa peterole, sena ke karolelano ea lik'hilomithara tse 150. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, bophelo ba turbine ea enjene ea diesel bo bolelele hanyane mme bo lekana le lik'hilomithara tse 000. Ka ho khanna nako e telele ka lebelo le phahameng, hammoho le khetho e fosahetseng ea oli, bophelo ba tšebeletso bo ka fokotsoa ka makhetlo a mabeli kapa a mararo.

Ho latela hore na turbine e sebetsa joang ka peterole kapa enjene ea disele, ts'ebetso e ka hlahlojoa. Letšoao la ho hlahloba ke ponahalo ea mosi o moputsoa kapa o motšo, ho fokotseha ha matla a enjene, hammoho le ponahalo ea mololi le rattle. Ho qoba ho senyeha, hoa hlokahala ho fetola oli, li-filters tsa moea le ho etsa tlhokomelo e tloaelehileng ka nako.