Lioli tsa motlakase tse senyehileng. Tlhamo le palo
Tse ka hare
Senya oli ea maiketsetso le semi-synthetic motor
Lihlahisoa tsa oli tse litšila li na le lik'hemik'hale tse 10 ho isa ho tse 30. Har'a tsona ho na le lead, zinki le lisebelisoa tse ling tse boima, hammoho le calcium, phosphorus le polycyclic metsoako ea manyolo. Likarolo tse joalo li hanana le ho bola, li chefo mobung, metsi, hape li baka liphetoho tsa lisele tsa limela le batho.
- Oli ea liminerale e na le karolo e nyane ea tlhoekiso ea oli mme e na le hoo e ka bang ha e na li-additives, stabilizers le halogen reagents.
- Semi-synthetic lubricant e fumanoa ka ho fetola oli ea tlhaho ka ho hlahisa li-additives.
- Li-analogues tsa maiketsetso li hlahisoa ke motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale.
Ho sa tsotelehe hore na li tsoa hokae, maro a tlotsang a kenyelletsa lialkane tse nang le palo ea khabone ea C12 - LE20, metsoako ea cyclic e nkhang hamonate (arenes) le tse nkiloeng ho naphthene.
Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso, oli e pepesehetse khatello ea mocheso. Ka lebaka leo, lipotoloho tsa lintho tse phelang le li-naphthene li kenngoa oxidized, 'me liketane tsa parafine li arohana ho ba tse khutšoanyane. Li-additives, li-modifiers le lintho tse entsoeng ka asphalt-resinous lia theoha. Boemong bona, oli ha e finyelle litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso, 'me enjene e ntse e sebetsa. Lihlahisoa tsa litšila li ntšoa sepakapakeng 'me li baka tšokelo ea tikoloho.
Mekhoa ea ho Recycle le ho Lahla
Litšila tse nang le oli li fumanoa haeba ts'ebetso e ka ba le moruo. Ho seng joalo, litšila lia chesoa kapa li patoa. Mekhoa ea ho nchafatsa:
- Ho hlaphoheloa ha lik'hemik'hale - phekolo ea sulfuric acid, alkaline hydrolysis, phekolo ka calcium carbide.
- Tlhoekiso ea 'mele - centrifugation, ho rarolla, ho hloekisa ka mekhahlelo e mengata.
- Mekhoa ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale - tokiso, ion-exchange filtration, extraction, adsorption karohano, coagulation.
Litšila tsa oli tse sa lokelang ho nchafatsoa li hloekisoa ho tsoa ho litšepe tse boima, metsi a emulsion le metsoako e thibelang mocheso. Mokelikeli o hlahisoang o sebelisoa e le mafura bakeng sa limela tsa boiler. Palo ea litšila e etsoa ho latela foromo:
Мmmo = KCl×Kв×Rм× ∑ Viм× Kipr×Ni×Li / НiL× 10-3,
moo: Мmmo - palo ea oli e fumanoeng (kg);
КCl - index ea beisine;
Кв - ntlha ea tokiso bakeng sa peresente ea metsi;
ρм - matla a litšila;
Viм - palo ea mokelikeli oa lubricating o tšeloa tsamaisong;
Li - sebaka sa hydraulic unit ka selemo (km);
НiL - tekanyo ea mileage ea selemo le selemo;
Кipr ke index ea litšila;
Ni - palo ea lisebelisoa tse sebetsang (lienjineri).
Sehlopha sa Kotsi
Litšila tse tsoang ho likoloi, lifofane le lisebelisoa tse ling li hlalosoa e le sehlopha sa boraro sa kotsi. Metsoako e hanyetsanang le lik'hemik'hale ea letoto la naphthenic e baka tšokelo tikolohong. Li-reagents tse joalo tsa cyclic li lebisa ho liphetoho ho DNA ea semela, mafu a autosomal le a oncological ho batho. Litšepe tse boima li baka tšenyo ea lisele ho liphio, matšoafo le litho tse ling. Organochlorine le lintho tsa organophosphorus tsa li-flame retardants ka oli ea maiketsetso li qholotsa ho khohlela, ho hema ka thata, 'me maemong a matla li lebisa ho ts'oaroe ke moea. Tšilafalo e kotsi ea oli ea motlakase e fokotsa palo ea linonyana le liphoofolo tse ling.
