Oli ea enjene: liminerale kapa tsa maiketsetso? Khetho le phetoho
Fumana phapang lipakeng tsa oli ea maiketsetso, semi-synthetic (semi-synthetic) le oli ea liminerale. Re boetse re eletsa hore na ke oli efe e molemo ho e eketsa ha ho hlokahala, ha u sa tsebe hore na ke oli efe e ka har'a enjene.
Oli ea enjene ke e 'ngoe ea maro a bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa koloing. E na le boikarabello ba ho tlotsa yuniti ea koloi, e fokotsa likhohlano tsa likarolo tsa enjene nakong ea ts'ebetso, e e boloka e hloekile, hape e sebetsa joalo ka sesebelisoa sa ho pholisa.
Ke ka lebaka leo ho leng bohlokoa ho sebelisa oli e khothalletsoang ke moetsi oa koloi - ho bohlokoa haholo ho boloka enjene e le boemong bo botle.
Leha ho le joalo, ho ameha ka likoloi hangata ho fana ka litifikeiti bakeng sa oli e khethehileng, i.e. litumellano tsa laesense. Mohlala, General Motors o khothaletsa tšebeliso ea oli ea enjine ea dexos2 e lumelletsoeng likoloing tsa morao-rao tsa k'hamphani (Opel le Chevrolet). Haeba u sebelisa oli e fapaneng 'me u senya enjene ea hau, u ka ba le mathata a tokiso ea tiisetso ea mahala. Empa ho ka 'na ha e-ba le monyetla oa ho phatloha ha serame, hobane ho ba le koloi tlas'a tiisetso, hangata re sebelisa litšebeletso tsa seteishene sa tšebeletso se lumelletsoeng, moo basebeletsi ba tšebeletso ba khethang oli e nepahetseng.
Liluloaneng tsa mabenkele, re ka fumana oli ea maiketsetso, ea semi-synthetic le ea diminerale.
Joalokaha Pavel Mastalerek, mookameli oa tekheniki oa Castrol, a re hlalosetsa, li fapane ka oli ea motheo le liphutheloana tsa ho ntlafatsa.
Lioli tsa maiketsetso
Hajoale oli ea maiketsetso ke oli e entsoeng lipatlisiso ka ho fetesisa le e tloaelehileng haholo, ka hona, e fihlela litlhoko tsa bahlahisi ba enjene, 'me li-motor tsena li nka nako e telele ebile li sebetsa ka mokhoa o atlehileng haholoanyane.
Li-synthetics li phahametse liminerale le oli ea semi-synthetic ka litsela tsohle. Li ka sebetsa ka mocheso o phahameng le khatello e phahameng holim'a libaka tse tlositsoeng ho feta tse entsoeng ka liminerale kapa tsa semi-synthetic. Ka lebaka la ho hanyetsa ha bona mocheso o phahameng, ha ba bokelle ka mokhoa oa li-deposit likarolong tse ka hare tsa enjene, e leng ho lelefatsang bophelo ba tšebeletso ea eona.
Bona hape: Oli, mafura, li-filters tsa moea - ho fetoha neng hona joang? Tataiso
Ka nako e ts'oanang, li na le mokelikeli ka mocheso o tlase - li lula li le mokelikeli ho fihlela ho likhato tse 60 tsa Celsius. Ka hona, ba etsa hore ho be bonolo ho qala enjene mariha, e leng ho leng thata ho sebelisa oli e teteaneng ea liminerale serameng se matla.
Li boetse li fokotsa khanyetso ea likhohlano le tšebeliso ea mafura. Ba molemo ho boloka enjene e hloekile ka ho fokotsa depositi ho eona. Likhahla tsa tsona tse ncha li telele hobane li tsofala butle. Ka hona, ba ka sebetsa ho seo ho thoeng ke nako e telele ea bophelo, i.e. mileage e eketsehileng lipakeng tsa liphetoho tsa oli ka koloing. Sena sohle se bolela hore likoloi tse ngata tse ncha li sebelisa li-synthetics.
Lioli tsa maiketsetso
Semi-synthetics e tšoana le thepa e ngata ho ea maiketsetso, e fana ka tšireletso e ntle ea enjene ho feta oli ea diminerale. Re ka re ke borokho phetohong ea ho tloha ho synthetic ho ea ho oli ea diminerale. Ha ho na litekanyetso tse khethehileng tsa hore na ho hlokahala hore u fetohe ho tloha ho oli ea maiketsetso ho ea ho semi-synthetic neng le ka nako efe. Esita le haeba koloi e tsamaisitse lik'hilomithara tse likete tse makholo a 'maloa, empa koloi ha e na matšoao a ho apara ebile e sebetsa ka botlalo, ha e khothalletsoe ho hana li-synthetics.
Semi-synthetic e ka ba tharollo haeba re batla ho boloka chelete. Oli e joalo e theko e tlaase ho feta ea maiketsetso 'me e fana ka tšireletso ea boemo bo phahameng ba enjene. Litha e le nngwe ea oli ea maiketsetso hangata e bitsa chelete e fetang PLN 30, litheko li ka fihla ho PLN 120. Re tla lefa ka PLN 25-30 bakeng sa semi-synthetics le PLN 18-20 bakeng sa metsi a liminerale.
Oli ea liminerale
Oli ea liminerale ha e sa le boleng bo tlase joalo ka ha e ne e le lilemong tse 'maloa tse fetileng, empa leha ho le joalo e mpe ka ho fetesisa ea mefuta eohle. Ho eletsoa ho li sebelisa lienjiniking tsa khale tse nang le mileage e phahameng, hammoho le tabeng ea ho chesa oli, i.e. ha koloi e ja oli e ngata haholo.
Sheba hape: Nako - phetoho, lebanta le ho khanna ketane. Tataiso
Haeba re reka koloi e sebelisitsoeng, joalo ka koloi ea lilemo tse 10 e nang le enjene e tsofetseng haholo mme hape ha re tsebe hantle hore na oli e sebelisitsoeng pele, ho bolokehile ho khetha oli ea diminerale kapa ea semi-synthetic ho qoba ho phunya. soot - sena se ka lebisa ho lutla kapa ho fokotseha ha tekanyo ea khatello ea khatello, ke hore, khatello ea enjene.
- Ha re kholisehile hore koloi, ho sa tsotellehe lik'hilomithara tse ngata, e ne e sebetsa ka oli ea maiketsetso, u ka sebelisa mofuta o tšoanang oa oli, empa ka viscosity e phahameng, e khothalletsa Pavel Mastalerek. - E u lumella ho fokotsa haholo tšebeliso ea oli ea enjene, hammoho le ho fokotsa lerata le hlahisoang ke koloi.
Matšoao a oli
Li-parameter tsa viscosity tse tsebahalang haholo (ho hanyetsa oli ho phalla - viscosity hangata e ferekanngoa le density) bakeng sa synthetics ke 5W-30 kapa 5W-40. Semi-synthetics e batla e tšoana le viscosity - 10W-40. Lioli tsa liminerale 15W-40, 20W-40, 15W-50 li fumaneha 'marakeng.
Setsebi sa Castrol se hlalosa hore index e nang le lengolo W e bontša viscosity ka mocheso o tlaase, le index ntle le lengolo W - ka mocheso o phahameng.
Ho theola viscosity, ho theola khanyetso ea oli, ka hona ho theola tahlehelo ea matla a enjene. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, viscosity e phahameng e fana ka tšireletso e ntle ea enjene khahlanong le ho roala. Ka hona, viscosity ea oli e tlameha ho ba sekisetsa lipakeng tsa litlhoko tsena tse feteletseng.
Lienjine tsa peterole, li-diesel, likoloi tse kentsoeng LPG le filthara ea DPF
Litekanyetso tsa boleng ba lienjine tsa peterole le tsa disele lia fapana, empa oli e fumanehang 'marakeng e kopana ka bobeli. Ka lebaka leo, ho thata ho fumana oli e etselitsoeng disele kapa lienjine tsa peterole feela.
Phapang e kholo ho feta ea oli e bakoa ke moralo oa lienjineri le lisebelisoa tsa tsona. Oli e fapana ka lebaka la ts'ebeliso ea li-filters tsa DPF (FAP), li-catalysts tsa TWC tse tharo, seporo se tloaelehileng kapa lisebelisoa tsa ente ea unit, kapa bophelo bo bolelele ba oli. Phapang ena e lokela ho ba ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ha u khetha oli ea enjene.
Ho bohlokoa ho eketsa hore oli e lokela ho sebelisoa bakeng sa likoloi tse nang le filthara ea DPF.
e hlahisoang ke thekenoloji e tlaase ea molora (Low SAPS). Sena se fokotsa haholo sekhahla sa ho tlatsa li-filters tsa particulate. Lioli tse joalo sehlopheng sa ACEA li khethiloe C1, C2, C3 (hangata e khothaletsoa ke baetsi ba enjine) kapa C4.
- Ka oli e reretsoeng likoloi tsa baeti, ho thata haholo ho fumana oli e tlaase ea molora ntle le ea maiketsetso, ho bolela Pavel Mastalerek. - Lioli tsa molora tse tlaase li boetse li sebelisoa ka oli ea literaka, 'me mona u ka fumana li-synthetic, semi-synthetic le ka linako tse ling esita le oli ea diminerale.
Bona hape: Ts'ebetso ea Gearbox - mokhoa oa ho qoba litokiso tse theko e boima
Tabeng ea likoloi tse nang le khase, ho na le oli 'marakeng e nang le li-label tseo ho tsona ho nang le tlhaloso ea hore li ikamahanya le likoloi tse joalo. Leha ho le joalo, baetsi ba lefats'e ha ba bontše ka ho toba oli e joalo. Mekhahlelo ea lihlahisoa bakeng sa lienjine tsa peterole ka katleho e fihlela litlhoko tsohle.
Ho tlatsa ke eng?
Lithara e le 'ngoe ea oli ka kutu bakeng sa ho eketsa boemo ba eona ka har'a enjene e bohlokoa - haholo-holo haeba re ea litseleng tse telele. Bakeng sa ho tlatsa mafura, re tlameha ho ba le oli e tšoanang le ea enjene. Boitsebiso bo mabapi le sena bo ka fumanoa bukeng ea tšebeletso kapa pampiring e siiloeng ke mochine tlas'a hood ka mor'a ho e nkela sebaka.
U ka boela ua bala bukana ea litaelo bakeng sa koloi. Mekhahlelo e bontšitsoe moo: viscosity - mohlala, SAE 5W-30, SAE 10W-40, boleng - mohlala, ACEA A3 / B4, API SL / CF, VW 507.00, MB 229.51, BMW Longlife-01. Kahoo, litlhoko tsa mantlha tseo re tlamehang ho li latela ke litekanyetso tsa boleng le viscosity tse boletsoeng ke moetsi.
Leha ho le joalo, ho ka 'na ha etsahala hore ho be le refueling leetong,' me mokhanni ha a tsebe hore na ke oli ea mofuta ofe eo mosebeletsi a ileng a e tlatsa. Ho ea ka Rafal Witkowski oa KAZ, mofani oa oli, ho molemo ho reka theko e boima ka ho fetisisa, e ntle ka ho fetisisa seteisheneng sa peterole kapa lebenkeleng la likoloi. Joale monyetla oa hore sena se tla mpefatsa thepa ea oli ka enjeneng e tla fokotseha.
Ho na le tsela e 'ngoe ea ho tsoa. Marang-rang, liwebsaeteng tsa baetsi ba oli ea enjine, u ka fumana lienjineri tsa ho batla tse u lumellang ho khetha mafura bakeng sa mefuta e makholo ea likoloi.
Phetoho ea oli
Re tlameha ho latela likhothaletso tsa moetsi mabapi le nako e ncha. Sena se etsoa ka filthara ea oli, hangata selemo se seng le se seng kapa ka mor'a lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 10-20. km. Empa hangata lienjineri tse ncha li ka ba le mileage e ngata - ho fihla ho 30 XNUMX. km kapa lilemo tse peli.
Bakeng sa likoloi tse tsamaeang ka khase, ho khothaletsoa hore ho nkeloe sebaka khafetsa. Bophelo ba oli bo lokela ho ba bokhutšoanyane ka karolo ea 25 lekholong. Lebaka ke hore li-additives ka oli li jeoa ka potlako, ho kenyeletsa. ka lebaka la boteng ba sebabole le mocheso o phahameng oa ho sebetsa.
Sheba hape: Ho kenya khase - mokhoa oa ho ikamahanya le koloi hore e sebetse ka khase e nang le liquefied - tataiso
Hopola ho hlahloba boemo ba oli kamehla - bonyane hang ka khoeli. Ho sa tsotellehe hore na re na le koloi ea khale kapa e ncha.
Phetoho ea oli e bitsa chelete e ka bang PLN 12, leha hangata e sa lefelloe haeba u reka oli lebenkeleng la litšebeletso. Hape e ka ba theko e boima haholo haeba moreki a itlisetsa oli ea hae. Filter e bitsa 30 PLN.
litaba tse
* Castrol - theknoloji ea Castrol EDGE e nang le Matla a Mokelikeli,
* ExxonMobil - Mobil 1 ESP 0W-40,
* Kakaretso - Kakaretso ea QUARTZ Ineo Long Life 5W30,
* Xenum - WRX 7,5W40 - ho khahlisang, oli ena ea ceramic ea Belgian e na le viscosity e sa tloaelehang, e tšoeu,
* Valvoline - SynPower MST C4 SAE 5W-30,
* Lotus - Lotus Quasar K / FE 5W30, Lotus Quasar S 0W20, Lotus Synthetic Plus 5W40, Lotus Synthetic Turbodiesel Plus 5W40, Lotus Semi-synthetic HBO 10W40, Lotus Mineral HBO 15W40.
* Oli ea Orlen - PLATINUM MaxExpert V 5W-30, PLATINUM MaxExpert F 5W-30, PLATINUM MaxExpert XD 5W-30, PLATINUM MaxExpert XF 5W-30.
Mongolo le foto: Piotr Walchak
