lik'homphieutha tsa laser

Maqhubu a oache a 1 GHz ho li-processor ke ts'ebetso ea bilione ka motsotsoana. Tse ngata, empa mefuta e metle ka ho fetisisa e fumanehang ho bareki ba tloaelehileng e se e ntse e fihlela makhetlo a 'maloa ho feta. Ho thoe'ng haeba e potlakile ... makhetlo a milione ho feta?

Sena ke seo theknoloji e ncha ea komporo e se tšepisang, ho sebelisa maqhubu a lebone la laser ho fetoha lipakeng tsa "1" le "0". Sena se latela lipalo tse bonolo makhetlo a quadrillion ka motsotsoana.

Litekong tse entsoeng ka selemo sa 2018 mme li hlalositsoe koranteng ea Nature, bafuputsi ba ile ba thunya mabone a laser a pulsed infrared ho lihlopha tsa mahe a linotsi tsa tungsten le selenium (1). Sena se ile sa etsa hore "zero" 'me boemo bo le bong bo fetohe ka har'a silicon chip e kopantsoeng, joalo ka mochini o tloaelehileng oa k'homphieutha, o potlakile ka makhetlo a milione.

E etsahetse joang? Bo-rasaense ba e hlalosa ka mokhoa o hlakileng, ho bontša hore li-electrone tse ka har'a mahe a linotši a tšepe li itšoara "ka mokhoa o makatsang" (le hoja ho se joalo). Ka thabo, likaroloana tsena li tlola lipakeng tsa linaha tse fapaneng tsa quantum, tse rehelletsoeng ke liteko "ho bilika ka boikaketsi ».

Bafuputsi ba bapisa sena le li-treadmill tse hahiloeng ho pota-pota limolek'hule. Ba bitsa lipina tsena "liphula" 'me ba hlalosa ho qhekella ha linaha tsena tse bilikang e le "valleytronics » (LI).

Lielektrone li thabisoa ke maqhubu a laser. Ho itšetlehile ka polarity ea maqhubu a infrared, ba "lula" e 'ngoe ea "liphula" tse peli tse ka khonehang ho pota-pota liathomo tsa lesela la tšepe. Linaha tsena tse peli hang-hang li fana ka maikutlo a ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso ea "zero-one" ea khomphutha.

Ho qhoma ha elektronike ho potlakile haholo, ka li-cycles tsa femtosecond. Mme mona ho na le sephiri sa lebelo le makatsang la litsamaiso tse tataisoang ke laser.

Ho feta moo, bo-ramahlale ba pheha khang ea hore ka lebaka la tšusumetso ea 'mele, litsamaiso tsena li maemong a mang ka bobeli ka nako e le ngoe (boemo bo phahameng), e hlahisang menyetla ea Bafuputsi ba tiisa hore sena sohle se etsahala ka mocheso oa kamoreha lik'homphieutha tse ngata tse teng li hloka hore tsamaiso ea qubits e pholisoe ho mocheso o haufi le zero.

"Nakong e telele, re bona monyetla oa sebele oa ho theha lisebelisoa tsa quantum tse etsang ts'ebetso ka potlako ho feta oscillation e le 'ngoe ea leqhubu le khanyang," mofuputsi o boletse polelong. Rupert Huber, moprofesa oa fisiks Univesithing ea Regensburg, Jeremane.

Leha ho le joalo, bo-rasaense ha ba e-so etse opereishene ea 'nete ea quantum ka tsela ena, ka hona, mohopolo oa khomphutha ea quantum e sebetsang mocheso oa kamore e lula e le khopolo-taba feela. Ho joalo le ka matla a tloaelehileng a komporo ea sistimi ena. Ke feela mosebetsi oa ho oscillations o bontšitsoeng mme ha ho ts'ebetso ea 'nete ea computational e ileng ea etsoa.

Liteko tse tšoanang le tse hlalositsoeng ka holimo li se li entsoe. Ka 2017, tlhaloso ea thuto e ile ea hatisoa ho Nature Photonics, ho kenyeletsoa Univesithing ea Michigan e USA. Moo, likhahla tsa lebone la laser tse tšoarellang li-femtoseconds tse 100 li ile tsa fetisoa ka kristale ea semiconductor, e laolang boemo ba lielektrone. E le molao, liketsahalo tse hlahang sebopeho sa thepa li ne li tšoana le tse hlalositsoeng pejana. Tsena ke litlamorao tsa quantum.

Li-chips tse bobebe le li-perovskites

Etsa"lik'homphieutha tsa quantum laser » o tšoaroa ka tsela e fapaneng. Ka Mphalane o fetileng, sehlopha sa lipatlisiso sa US-Japanese-Australia se bontšitse mokhoa o bobebe oa komporo. Ho e-na le li-qubits, mokhoa o mocha o sebelisa boemo ba 'mele ba mahlaseli a laser le likristale tse tloaelehileng ho fetola mahlaseli hore e be mofuta o khethehileng oa leseli o bitsoang "leseli le hatelitsoeng."

E le hore boemo ba sehlopha bo bonts'e bokhoni ba komporo ea quantum, laser e tlameha ho lekanyetsoa ka tsela e itseng, 'me sena se finyelloe ho sebelisoa marang-rang a liipone tse kentsoeng ka bongata, li-emitters le likhoele tsa optical (2). Mokhoa ona o hlahisoa ka tekanyo e nyane, e sa faneng ka lebelo le lekaneng la computational. Leha ho le joalo, bo-rasaense ba re mohlala o ka senyeha, 'me mehaho e meholo e ka qetella e fihletse molemo oa quantum ho feta mefuta e mengata le ea binary e sebelisoang.

2. Mahlaseli a laser a fetang har'a marang-rang a ferekaneng a liipone

"Le ha li-processor tsa hajoale li khahla, ha ho hlake hore na li ka fokotsoa ka boholo bo boholo," ho boletse Science Today. Nicolas Menicucci, mofuputsi ea kenyang letsoho Setsing sa Theknoloji ea Quantum Computing le Puisano (CQC2T) Univesithing ea RMIT e Melbourne, Australia. "Mokhoa oa rona o qala ka scalability e feteletseng e hahiloeng ka har'a chip ho tloha qalong hobane processor, e bitsoang "cluster state", e entsoe ka leseli."

Mefuta e mecha ea li-lasers e boetse e hlokahala bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa ultrafast photonic (bona hape:). Bo-rasaense ba tsoang Univesithing ea Federale ea Bochabela bo Hare (FEFU) - hammoho le basebetsi-'moho le Russia ba tsoang Univesithing ea ITMO, hammoho le bo-rasaense ba Univesithing ea Texas e Dallas le Univesithi ea Sechaba ea Australia - ba tlalehile ka March 2019 koranteng ea ACS Nano hore ba thehile tsela e sebetsang hantle, e potlakileng le e theko e tlase ya ho hlahisa li-laser tsa perovskite. Molemo oa bona ho feta mefuta e meng ke hore ba sebetsa ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng, e leng ntho ea bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa optical.

"Theknoloji ea rona ea khatiso ea laser ea halide e fana ka mokhoa o bonolo, oa moruo, le o laoloang haholo oa ho hlahisa mefuta e mengata ea li-laser tsa perovskite ka bongata. Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore optimization ea geometry tshebetsong ea laser khatiso ka lekhetlo la pele etsa hore ho khonehe ho fumana tsitsitseng single-mode perovskite microlasers (3). Li-lasers tse joalo li tšepisa ntlafatso ea lisebelisoa tse sa tšoaneng tsa optoelectronic le nanophotonic, li-sensor, joalo-joalo, "ho hlalositse Aleksey Zhishchenko, mofuputsi setsing sa FEFU, khatisong.

3. Mabala a laser a Perovskite

Ha e le hantle, re ke ke ra bona lik'homphieutha tsa motho "li tsamaea ka laser" haufinyane. Ho fihlela joale, liteko tse hlalositsoeng ka holimo ke bopaki ba mohopolo, eseng esita le li-prototypes tsa litsamaiso tsa likhomphutha.

Leha ho le joalo, lebelo le fanoang ke mahlaseli a khanya le a laser le hohela haholo hore bafuputsi, ebe baenjiniere, ba hane tsela ena.