Seo antifreeze e ke keng ea pheha le ho hoama

Teko e 'ngoe ea li-coolants tsa likoloi, tseo re li hlophisitseng qetellong ea mariha ana, li ile tsa boela tsa bontša hore boemo bo nang le sehlopha sena sa lihlahisoa' marakeng oa rona bo batla bo sa thabise. Monyetla oa ho fumana antifreeze ea boleng bo tlase o phahame haholo ...

Bothata ba ho ba teng 'marakeng oa palo e kholo ea antifreeze ea boleng bo tlaase e ile ea tsejoa lilemong tse' maloa tse fetileng, ha basebetsi-'moho le 'na ba tsoang likhatisong tse ling tsa likoloi le' na re etsa tlhahlobo e feletseng ea li-antifreezes. Liphetho tsa eona li bontšitse hore karolo e kholo ea lisampole tse lekiloeng ka nako eo e ne e sa kopane le litšobotsi tse boletsoeng. Botebo ba bothata bo mpefatsoa le ho feta ke taba ea hore li-coolants tsa likoloi ke lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang tse hlokahalang ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng. 'Me na hoa makatsa hore ebe kajeno bongata ba lisebelisoa tse pholisang, tse fapaneng ho ea ka maemo a tsona a ts'ebetso, tse emeloang ke lihlahisoa tsa malapeng le tsa kantle ho naha, li phallela karolong ena ea 'maraka e batloang. Ho na le tse ngata, empa ha se kaofela ha tsona tse loketseng ho sebelisoa.

Boemo bona bo mpefatsoa le ho feta ke taba ea hore Russia ha e so ka e amohela molao oa tekheniki o lokelang ho arola li-coolants le ho theha mekhahlelo, hammoho le sebopeho le tšebeliso ea likarolo tse sebelisoang tlhahisong ea tsona. Tokomane e le 'ngoe feela ea taolo mabapi le li-antifreezes (ke hore, li-coolants tse batang ka tlase) e ntse e le GOST 28084-89 ea khale, e ileng ea amoheloa morao koana mehleng ea Soviet Union. Ka tsela, litokisetso tsa tokomane ena li sebetsa feela ho metsi a entsoeng motheong oa ethylene glycol (MEG).

Boemo bona bo hlile bo lokolla matsoho a bahlahisi ba sa tšepahaleng bao, ka ho lelekisa phaello, hangata ba sebelisang boleng bo tlaase, 'me hangata ba sebelisa lintho tse kotsi feela. Morero mona o tjena: bo-rakhoebo ba iketsetsa risepe ea bona e pholileng ho tsoa ho likarolo tse theko e tlase ebe ba e taka ka mokhoa oa litlhaloso tsa tekheniki (TU), ka mor'a moo ba qala ho kopanya sehlahisoa sa bona.

E 'ngoe ea likhetho tse atileng haholo bakeng sa "antifreeze" bodyagi ke tšebeliso ea motsoako o nkang sebaka o nang le glycerin e theko e tlase le methanol e theko e tlase ho fapana le MEG e theko e phahameng. Likarolo tsena ka bobeli li kotsi haholo tsamaisong ea pholileng. Kahoo, mohlala, glycerin e kenya letsoho khōlong ea ts'ebetso ea kutu, haholo-holo liteisheneng tse pholileng tsa cylinder block, e na le viscosity e phahameng (e leng makhetlo a mashome a fetang a ethylene glycol) le ho eketseha ha sekhahla, e leng se lebisang ho potlakisa. ho roala pompo. Ka tsela, e le hore ka tsela e itseng e fokotse viscosity le letsoalo la se pholileng, lifeme li eketsa karolo e 'ngoe e kotsi ho eona - methanol.

Joala bona, re hopola, ke karolo ea chefo e kotsi ea tekheniki. Tšebeliso ea eona ha ho etsoa lihlahisoa tse sebelisoang ka bongata e thibetsoe ke molao, tlōlo ea molao e sokelang likotlo tse matla tsa tsamaiso. Leha ho le joalo, ena ke e 'ngoe feela, karolo ea molao. Tšebeliso ea joala ea methyl tsamaisong ea ho pholisa le eona ha e amohelehe, kaha methanol e tima likarolo tsa eona le likopano feela. 'Nete ke hore tharollo e nang le metsi a methyl joala ka mocheso oa 50 ° C le ka holimo e qala ho sebelisana ka mafolofolo le lisebelisoa tsa aluminium le aluminium, ho li senya. Tekanyo ea tšebelisano e joalo e phahame haholo 'me e ke ke ea bapisoa le tekanyo e tloaelehileng ea ho senyeha ha tšepe. Litsebi tsa k'hemistri li bitsa mokhoa ona etching, 'me lentsoe lena le ipuella.

Empa sena ke karolo feela ea mathata ao "methanol" antifreeze e bakang. Sehlahisoa se joalo se na le ntlha e tlaase ea ho belisa (hoo e ka bang 64 ° C), kahoo methanol e fetoha butle-butle ho tloha potolohong e pholileng. Ka lebaka leo, pholiso e lula e le teng, litekanyo tsa mocheso tseo ho hang li sa lumellaneng le litekanyetso tse hlokahalang tsa mocheso oa enjene. Lehlabuleng, maemong a leholimo a chesang, mokelikeli o joalo o pheha ka potlako, o etsa li-plugs potolohong ea potoloho, e leng ntho e ka lebisang ho futhumala ha motlakase. Mariha, serameng, e ka fetoha leqhoa feela ebe e tima pompo. Ho ea ka litsebi, likarolo tsa motho ka mong tsa likarolo tsa tsamaiso ea pholileng, mohlala, li-impellers tsa pompo ea metsi, tseo hape li tlas'a meroalo e matla, li senngoa ke methanol-glycerin antifreeze hoo e ka bang nako e le 'ngoe.

Ke ka lebaka leo tlhahlobo ea hona joale, e neng e hlophisitsoe ka kopanelo le "Avtoparad" ea boitsebiso le tlhahlobo, sepheo sa eona se seholo e ne e le ho khetholla lihlahisoa tse sa tloaelehang tse nang le joala ea methyl. Bakeng sa tlhahlobo, re ile ra khetha ka boikhethelo lisampole tse leshome le metso e 'meli tsa li-antifreeze le li-antifreeze tse fapaneng, tse ileng tsa rekoa liteisheneng tsa khase, motse-moholo le limmarakeng tsa makoloi tsa setereke sa Moscow, hammoho le barekisi ba likoloi tsa liketane. Ka mor'a moo, libotlolo tsohle tse nang le li-coolants li ile tsa fetisetsoa ho e 'ngoe ea lilaboratori tsa liteko tsa Setsi sa 25th State Research Institute sa Lekala la Tšireletso la Russia Federation, bao litsebi tsa bona li ileng tsa etsa lithuto tsohle tse hlokahalang.

Li-antifreeze tseo u sa lokelang ho li reka

Ho bua ka mokhoa o hlakileng, liphetho tsa ho qetela tsa liteko tsa lihlahisoa tse entsoeng litsing tsa lipatlisiso ha li khothalletse tšepo. Ikahlolele: ho lino tse 12 tse rekiloeng ke rona bakeng sa tlhahlobo, methanol e ile ea fumanoa ho tse tšeletseng ('me ena ke halofo ea lisampole), le ka chelete e ngata haholo (ho fihla ho 18%). Taba ena e boetse e bonts'a ho teba ha bothata bo amanang le kotsi ea ho fumana li-antifreeze tse kotsi le tse tlase 'marakeng oa rona. Har'a barupeluoa ba liteko, tsena li kenyelletsa: Alaska Tosol -40 (Tektron), Antifreeze OZH-40 (Volga-Oil), Pilots Antifreeze Green Line -40 (Streksten), Antifreeze -40 Sputnik G12 le Antifreeze OZH-40 (ka bobeli e hlahisoa ke Promsintez), hammoho le Antifreeze A-40M Northern Standard (NPO Organic-Progress).

Ha re khutlela ka ho toba liphethong tsa liteko, re hlokomela hore matšoao a mocheso oa "methanol" coolants ha a eme ho nyatsoa. Kahoo, ntlha ea bona e belang, eo, ho ea ka poleloana ea 4.5 ea TU 6-57-95-96, ha ea lokela ho oela ka tlase ho likhato tse +108, ha e le hantle ke likhato tse 90-97, tse tlaase haholo ho feta ntlha e belang ea metsi a tloaelehileng. Ka mantsoe a mang, monyetla oa hore enjene e nang le leha e le efe ea li-antifreeze tsena tse tšeletseng e ka bela (haholo-holo lehlabula) e phahame haholo. Boemo ha bo betere ka mocheso oa ho qala ha crystallization. Hoo e ka bang lisampole tsohle tse nang le methanol ha li mamelle serame sa likhato tse 40 se fanoang ke maemo a indasteri, 'me sampole ea Antifreeze -40 Sputnik G12 e ne e se e le ho -30 ° C. Ka nako e ts'oanang, bahlahisi ba bang ba pholileng, ntle le letsoalo la letho, ba bontša ka mangolo hore lihlahisoa tsa bona ho thoe li kopana le litlhaloso tsa Audi, BMW, Volkswagen, Opel, Toyota, Volvo ...

 

Li-antifreeze tse fihlelang litlhoko tsa baetsi ba likoloi

Joale a re ke re bue ka li-coolants tsa boleng bo holimo, tseo litekanyetso tsa tsona li leng ka hare ho litekanyetso. Liphetho tse ntle haholo tlhahlobong li ile tsa bontšoa ke baetsi bohle ba ka sehloohong ba antifreeze, ba Serussia le ba kantle ho naha. Tsena ke lihlahisoa tse tummeng tsa malapeng tse kang CoolStream (Technoform, Klimovsk), Sintec (Obninskorgsintez, Obninsk), Felix (Tosol-Sintez-Invest, Dzerzhinsk), Niagara (Niagara, Nizhny Novgorod). Ho tsoa lihlahisoa tsa kantle ho naha, lihlahisoa tsa Liqui Moly (Jeremane) le Bardahl (Belgium) li kentse letsoho tekong. Li boetse li na le litholoana tse ntle. Li-antifreeze tsohle tse thathamisitsoeng li entsoe motheong oa MEG, e leng eona e khethollang boleng ba ts'ebetso ea bona. Haholo-holo, hoo e ka bang kaofela ha tsona li na le moeli o moholo ka bobeli mabapi le ho hanyetsa serame le ntlha e belang.

Antifreeze Sintec Premium G12+

Ho ea ka liphello tsa tlhahlobo ea morao-rao, Sintec Premium G12 + antifreeze e na le moeli o motle oa ho hanyetsa serame - mocheso oa crystallization ke -42 C ho e-na le maemo a tloaelehileng -40 C. Sehlahisoa se hlahisoa ke Obninskorgsintez ho latela theknoloji ea morao-rao ea organic synthesis ethylene glycol ea boemo bo holimo le sephutheloana se tsoang kantle ho naha sa li-additives tse sebetsang. Ka lebaka la ea morao-rao, antifreeze ea Sintec Premium G12+ e hanela kutu 'me ha e thehe li-deposit holim'a bokaholimo ba sistimi e pholileng. Ho phaella moo, e na le thepa e sebetsang ea ho tlotsa e lelefatsang bophelo ba pompo ea metsi. Antifreeze e na le tumello e tsoang ho baetsi ba likoloi ba tsebahalang haholo (Volkswagen, MAN, FUZO KAMAZ Trucks Rus) mme e khothaletsoa hore e sebelisoe likoloing tsa baeti tsa tlhahiso ea malapeng le kantle ho naha, literaka le likoloi tse ling tse nang le maemo a mahareng le a boima a ts'ebetso. Theko e hakantsoeng bakeng sa litara e le 1 - li-ruble tse 120.

 

Liqui Moly radiator ea nako e telele ea antifreeze GTL 12 Plus

Se pholileng se tsoang kantle ho naha se bitsoang Langzeit Kuhlerfrostschutz GTL 12 Plus se entsoe ke k'hamphani ea Jeremane ea Liqui Moly, e nang le boiphihlelo bo bongata tlhahisong ea mefuta e fapaneng ea maro a theknoloji ea likoloi le oli. Sehlahisoa ke motsoako oa pele oa moloko o mocha, o hlahisoang ka monoethylene glycol le sephutheloana sa theknoloji e phahameng ea li-additives tse khethehileng tse thehiloeng ho organic carboxylic acid. Joalo ka ha liphuputso tsa rona li bontšitse, antifreeze ena e na le ts'ebetso e ntle haholo ea mocheso, e netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea sistimi ea pholileng ho tloha ho -45 ° C ho isa +110 ° C. Joalokaha bahlahisi ka bobona ba hlokomela, antifreeze e hanela ka katleho ho bola ha tšepe ea electrochemical ea tšepe, hammoho le ho bola ha mocheso o phahameng oa li-alloys tsa aluminium. Pholisa e 'nile ea lekoa khafetsa ke baetsi ba likoloi ba ka sehloohong lefatšeng, e leng se entseng hore ho fanoe ka tumello ho tsoa ho Audi, BMW, DaimlerCrysler, Ford, Porsche, Seat, Skoda. Hape rea hlokomela hore Langzeit Kuhlerfrostschutz GTL 12 Plus e kopantsoe le li-antifreeze tse tloaelehileng tsa G12 (hangata li pentiloe ka bofubelu), hammoho le li-antifreeze tse tloaelehileng tsa G11. Nako e khothaletsoang ea ho nchafatsa ke lilemo tse 5. Theko e hakantsoeng bakeng sa litara e le 1 - li-ruble tse 330.

CoolStream Standard

CoolStream Standard carboxylate antifreeze e hlahisoa ke Technoform, e leng e mong oa bahlahisi ba ka sehloohong ba Russia ba lipholi tsa likoloi. Ke sepholi se tala sa ethylene glycol se thehiloeng ho merero e mengata se nang le theknoloji ea carboxylate ea Organic Acid Technology (OAT). E entsoe ka Arteco (Belgium) Corrosion Inhibitor BSB 'me ke kopi e nepahetseng (rebrand) ea Antifreeze BS-Coolant. Sehlahisoa se etselitsoe litsamaiso tse pholisang tsa lienjineri tsa sejoale-joale tsa peterole le disele tsa tlhahiso ea kantle le ea malapeng. E na le li-additives tse tsoang ho Arteco (Belgium), khoebo e kopanetsoeng pakeng tsa Chevron le Total, e leng tiiso ea boleng ba li-antifreeze tsohle tsa CoolStream carboxylate. Ho lekane ho bolela hore CoolStream Standard e kopana le litekanyetso tse peli tse thata tsa machaba: American ASTM D3306 le British BS 6580, 'me bophelo ba eona ba tšebeletso bo fihla 150 km ntle le ho nkeloa sebaka. Ho ipapisitsoe le liphetho tsa liteko tsa laboratori, benche le leoatleng tsa CoolStream Standard antifreeze, litumello tsa semmuso le litumello tsa tšebeliso ea AVTOVAZ, UAZ, KamAZ, GAZ, LiAZ, MAZ le lifeme tse ling tse ngata tsa likoloi tsa Russia li se li amohetsoe.

Felix Carbox G12

Felix Carbox coolant ke moloko o mocha oa antifreeze oa lehae oa carboxylate. Ho latela sehlopha sa VW, e lumellana le sehlopha sa G12 + organic antifreeze. Nakong ea teko, sehlahisoa se bontšitse e 'ngoe ea liphello tse ntle ka ho fetisisa mabapi le ho hanyetsa serame (ho mamella mocheso o tlase ho fihlela ho -44 degrees). Hlokomela hore Felix Carbox o fetile tlhahlobo e felletseng ea liteko setsing sa lipatlisiso sa Amerika sa ABIC Testing Laboratories, se netefalitseng ho latela melao ea machabeng ea ASTM D 3306, ASTM D 4985, ASTM D 6210, e laolang litlhoko tsa litšobotsi tsa tekheniki le boleng ba diphodisa. Hajoale, sehlahisoa se na le tumello ho tsoa ho baetsi ba likoloi ba tsoang kantle ho naha le ba malapeng, ho kenyeletsoa AvtoVAZ le KAMAZ, GAZ, YaMZ le TRM.

Felix Carbox e entsoe ka premium grade monoethylene glycol, e entsoeng ka ho khetheha metsi a hloekileng a hloekileng a nang le demineralized le sephutheloana se ikhethang sa carboxylic acid. Tšebeliso ea antifreeze e fana ka lik'hilomithara tse eketsehileng ho fihlela sebaka sa eona se latelang (ho fihla ho 250 km), ha feela sehlahisoa se sa kopane le mefuta e meng ea li-coolants.

Niagara RED G12+

Niagara RED G12+ antifreeze ke sesebelisoa se pholisang sa moloko o mocha se ntlafalitsoeng ke litsebi tsa Niagara PKF. Sehlahisoa se entsoe ho sebelisoa theknoloji e ikhethang ea Extended Life Coolant Technology carboxylate, e 'ngoe ea thepa ea bohlokoa eo e leng bokhoni ba ho theha lesela le sireletsang le nang le matheba libakeng tseo ho tsona ho qala ho thehoa. Boleng bona ba antifreeze bo fana ka nako e telele ea ho nchafatsa (ho fihlela lilemo tse 5 tsa ts'ebetso ka mor'a ho tlatsa sistimi ea pholileng kapa 250 km ea ho matha). Re boetse re hlokomela hore pholiso ea Niagara RED G000 + e fetile tlhahlobo e felletseng ea liteko bakeng sa ho latela litekanyetso tsa machabeng tsa ASTM D12, ASTM D3306 ho ABIC Testing Laboratories, USA. Ho phaella moo, antifreeze e na le tumello ea molao ea AvtoVAZ, hammoho le limela tse ling tsa likoloi tsa Russia, bakeng sa ho tlatsa oli ea pele holim'a motlakase.

Nakong ea tlhahlobo, antifreeze ea Niagara RED G12+ e bontšitse e kholo ka ho fetisisa (har'a barupeluoa ba bang ba liteko) moeli oa ho hanyetsa serame (ho fihlela -46 ° C). Ka matšoao a joalo a mocheso, pholiso ena e ka sebelisoa hoo e batlang e le libakeng tsohle tsa Russia. Karolo e ikhethileng ea Niagara G12 Plus Red canister ke spout e bonolo e ka huleloang e etsang hore ho be bonolo ho tlatsa metsi ka har'a sistimi e pholileng. Theko e hakantsoeng bakeng sa litara e le 1 - li-ruble tse 100.

Bardahl Universal Concentrate

Motsoako oa pele oa Belgian antifreeze o hlahisitsoeng motheong oa monoethylene glycol ka ts'ebeliso ea sephutheloana sa theknoloji e phahameng ea li-additives tsa carboxylate. Ntho e ikhethang ea sehlahisoa sena ke ho feto-fetoha ha eona - antifreeze e thehiloeng ho eona e kopantsoe le mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa li-coolants tsa manyolo le liminerale, ho sa tsotellehe 'mala, ho akarelletsa le antifreeze. Nakong ea teko, sehlahisoa ha sea ka sa tiisa feela lipontšo tsa mocheso tse phatlalalitsoeng, empa li bile li li ntlafalitse ka mokhoa o itseng. Ho ea ka baemeli ba k'hamphani ea nts'etsopele, antifreeze e hanyetsa ka katleho ho bola ha electrochemical ea tšepe, hammoho le mocheso o phahameng oa li-alloys tsa aluminium. Sepholisa se boetse se khothaletsoa bakeng sa lienjine tse hlokang phepelo e ntlafalitsoeng ea mocheso - lienjine tse lebelo haholo, lienjine tse nang le turbocharged. Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore Bardahl Universal Concentrate ha e nke lehlakore ho litšepe tse fapaneng le lialloys, ekaba koporo, koporo, tšepe ea alloy, tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe kapa aluminium. Antifreeze ha e ame hampe lihlahisoa tsa rabara le tsa polasetiki tsa sistimi e pholileng. Ho tloha ts'ebetsong lits'ebetsong tse pholileng tsa likoloi tsa baeti li ka fihla lik'hilomithara tse 250, 'me bophelo ba tšebeletso bo tiisitsoeng ke bonyane lilemo tse 000. Ka lentsoe, sehlahisoa se tšoanelehang. Theko e hakantsoeng bakeng sa litara e le 'ngoe ea concentrate - 5 li-ruble.

Joale, ho ka fihleloa liqeto life ho tsoa liphethong tsa liteko? Pele ho tsohle, ho lokela ho hopoloa hore 'marakeng, ntle le lihlahisoa tse ntle tsa lihlahisoa tse tsebahalang, ho na le lintho tse ngata tse pholileng tsa mefuta e meng,' me hole le boleng bo holimo. Kahoo haeba ha u tech savvy, latela melao e seng mekae e bonolo. Taba ea pele, sebelisa antifreeze e lumelletsoeng ke moetsi oa koloi ea hau. Haeba u sa khone ho fumana pholiso e joalo - khetha mofuta o tšoanang oa antifreeze joalo ka ha o khothalelitsoe bakeng sa koloi ea hau, empa e tlameha ho amoheloa ke lik'hamphani tse ling tsa koloi. Hape le ka mohla u se ke ua nka lentsoe la barekisi ba likoloi ba buang ka "superantifreezes" ea bona. Ka tsela, ha ho thata haholo ho hlahloba ho nepahala ha data e phatlalalitsoeng. Ho hlakisa tlhahisoleseding mabapi le ho fumaneha ha mamello, ka linako tse ling ho lekane ho sheba buka ea tšebeletso, litokomane tsa likoloi, liwebsaete tsa lifeme tsa likoloi le baetsi ba antifreeze. Ha u reka, ela hloko liphutheloana - libotlolong tse ling, bahlahisi ba khomarela letšoao "Ha e na glycerin" - ho felisa lipelaelo ka boleng ba sehlahisoa sa bona.

Ka tsela, bakeng sa mathata ohle a boletsoeng ka holimo tsamaisong ea pholileng ea enjene e bakoang ke tšebeliso ea li-antifreeze tsa glycerin-methanol, kajeno hoa khoneha ebile hoa hlokahala ho etsa lipolelo khahlanong le baetsi ba tsona. Ho na le mabaka a molao bakeng sa sena, ho kenyeletsoa le a amoheloang boemong ba mebuso. Hopola hore qetellong ea selemo se fetileng, Boto ea Komisi ea Economic ea Eurasian (EEC), ka Qeto ea eona No. 162, e ile ea fetola Litlhoko tse Kopanetsoeng tsa Bohloeki le Epidemiological le Melao ea Tekheniki ea Customs Union "Ka Litlhokahalo tsa Lubricant, Oli le Mekelikeli e khethehileng” (TR TS 030/2012) . Ho ea ka qeto ena, ho tla hlahisoa thibelo e tiileng ea litaba tsa joala ba methyl ka li-coolants - ha ea lokela ho feta 0,05%. Qeto e se e kene ts'ebetsong, 'me hona joale mong'a koloi leha e le ofe a ka etsa kopo, ka mokhoa o laetsoeng ke molao, ho mekhatlo ea taolo ea naha (tsamaiso) le ho batla matšeliso bakeng sa tšenyo ea thepa e bakoang ke tšebeliso ea lihlahisoa tse sa lumellaneng le tekheniki. melawana. Tokomane ea Komisi ea Economic ea Eurasia e sebetsa sebakeng sa linaha tse hlano tseo e leng litho tsa EEC: Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Armenia le Kyrgyzstan.