Clutch e sebetsa joang ka koloing le ho e hlahloba joang?

Clutch ke eng?

Lebaka la ho tsamaea ha koloi ka enjene ea eona, ka ho toba, ka torque eo e e hlahisang. Clutch ke mochine oa phetisetso o ikarabellang bakeng sa ho fetisetsa motsotso ona ho tloha enjene ea koloi ho ea ho mabili a eona ka lebokose la gear.

Clutch e hahiloe ka har'a sebopeho sa mochini lipakeng tsa gearbox le enjene. E na le lintlha tse kang:

• li-discs tse peli tsa koloi - flywheel le clutch basket;
• disk e le 'ngoe e khannoang - disk ea clutch e nang le lithapo;
• ho kenya shaft ka lisebelisoa;
• shaft ea bobeli e nang le lisebelisoa;
• ho lokolla;
• clutch pedal.

Clutch e sebetsa joang ka koloing?

The drive disk - the flywheel - e kentsoe ka thata ka har'a crankshaft ea enjene. Seroto sa clutch sona se tlameletsoe ho flywheel. The clutch disc e hatelloa ka holim'a flywheel ka lebaka la diaphragm spring, e nang le baskete ea clutch.

Ha koloi e qala, enjene e tsosa metsamao e potolohang ea crankshaft, ka hona, flywheel. The input shaft ea gearbox e kenngoa ka ho bere ka basketeng ea clutch, flywheel le disk driven. Lipotoloho ha li fetisoe ka kotloloho ho tloha ho flywheel ho ea ho shaft ea ho kenya. Ho etsa sena, ho na le disk e khannoang ka har'a moralo oa clutch, e potolohang le shaft ka lebelo le ts'oanang ebe e ea pele le morao ho eona.

Boemo boo li-gear tsa li-shafts tsa mantlha le tsa bobeli li sa kopaneng ho tsona ho bitsoa ho se nke lehlakore. Boemong bona, koloi e ka bilika feela haeba tsela e le moepa, empa e sa khanne. Mokhoa oa ho fetisetsa ho potoloha ho shaft ea bobeli, e tla etsa hore mabili a tsamaee ka tsela e sa tobang? Sena se ka etsoa ho sebelisa clutch pedal le gearbox.

A sebelisa pedal, mokhanni o fetola boemo ba disc ho shaft. E sebetsa ka tsela ena: ha mokhanni a hatella clutch pedal, mochine o lokollang o hatella diaphragm - 'me li-clutch discs lia buleha. Mokotla o kenang tabeng ena oa emisa. Ka mor'a moo, mokhanni o tsamaisa lever holim'a gearbox ebe o bulela lebelo. Mothating ona, likere tsa "shaft" tse kenang li nang le likere tse hlahisoang ke shaft. Hona joale mokhanni o qala ho lokolla clutch pedal hantle, a hatella disk e khannoang khahlanong le flywheel. 'Me kaha shaft ea ho kenya e amana le disk e khannoang, e boetse e qala ho potoloha. Ka lebaka la meshing pakeng tsa likere tsa li-shafts, ho potoloha ho fetisetsoa mabiling. Ka tsela ena, enjene e hokahane le mabili, 'me koloi e qala ho tsamaea. Ha koloi e se e ntse e le ka lebelo le felletseng, o ka lokolla clutch ka botlalo. Haeba o eketsa khase sebakeng sena, lebelo la enjene le tla phahama, 'me le bona lebelo la koloi.

Leha ho le joalo, clutch ha e hlokahale feela hore koloi e qale le ho potlakisa. U ke ke ua etsa ntle le eona ha u etsa braking. Ho emisa, o hloka ho petetsa clutch ebe o tobetsa "brake pedal" ka bonolo. Ka mor'a ho emisa, tlosa lisebelisoa 'me u lokolle clutch. Ka nako e ts'oanang, mosebetsing oa clutch, lits'ebetso li etsahala tse fapaneng le tse etsahetseng qalong ea motsamao.

Sebaka se sebetsang sa flywheel le clutch basket se entsoe ka tšepe, 'me ea clutch disc e entsoe ka thepa e khethehileng ea likhohlano. Ke thepa ena e fanang ka disc slip le ho e lumella hore e thelle pakeng tsa flywheel le clutch basket ha mokhanni a tšoara clutch qalong ea motsamao. Ke ka lebaka la ho thella ha li-discs hore koloi e qala hantle.

Ha mokhanni a lokolla clutch ka tšohanyetso, baskete hang-hang e hatella disk e khannoang, 'me enjene ha e na nako ea ho qala koloi le ho qala ho tsamaea ka potlako. Ka hona, enjene ea tsitsa. Hangata sena se etsahala ho bakhanni ba li-novice ba e-s'o bone boemo ba clutch pedal. Mme o na le lintlha tse tharo tsa bohlokoa:

• holimo - ha mokhanni a sa e hatelle;
• tlase - ha mokhanni a e penya ka ho feletseng, 'me e phomola fatše;
• mahareng - ho sebetsa - ha mokhanni a lokolla pedal ka bonolo, 'me clutch disc e kopana le flywheel.

Haeba u lahlela clutch ka lebelo le phahameng, joale koloi e tla qala ho tsamaea ka ho thella. 'Me haeba u e boloka e le boemong bo hatelitsoeng ka halofo ha koloi e qala ho tsamaea,' me butle-butle e eketsa khase, joale khohlano ea disk e khannoang holim'a tšepe ea flywheel e tla ba matla haholo. Tabeng ena, ho sisinyeha ha koloi ho tsamaisana le monko o sa thabiseng, ebe ba re clutch e "chesa". Sena se ka lebisa ho apara ka potlako ha libaka tse sebetsang.

Clutch e shebahala joang 'me ke eng?

Clutch e hlophisitsoeng ho latela lisebelisoa tse 'maloa tse sebetsang. Ho latela khokahano ea likarolo tse sebetsang le tse sebetsang, mekhahlelo e latelang ea li-node e khetholloa:

• Hydraulic.
• Motlakase.
• Khohlano.

Phetolelong ea hydraulic, mosebetsi o etsoa ka phallo ea ho emisoa ho khethehileng. Li-coupling tse tšoanang li sebelisoa ka li-gearbox tsa othomathike.

1 - letamo la hydraulic drive ea coupling / silindara e kholo ea brake; 2 - hose ea phepelo ea mokelikeli; 3 - vacuum brake booster; 4 - lerōle cap; 5 - bracket servo bracket; 6 - clutch pedal; 7 - valve ea ho tsoa mali ea clutch master cylinder; 8 - clutch master cylinder; 9 - linate tsa ho tiisa letsoho la cylinder e kholo ea ho kopanya; 10 - ho kopanya liphaephe; 11 - pipeline; 12 - gasket; 13 - tšehetso; 14 - bushing; 15 - gasket; 16 - e loketseng ho tsoa mali silindara ea lekhoba la clutch; 17 - clutch lekhoba silinda; 18 - linate bakeng sa ho tiisa bracket ea silinda e sebetsang; 19 - clutch matlo; 20 - flexible hose coupling; 21 - hose e tenyetsehang

Motlakase. Magnetic flux e sebelisoa ho khanna. E kentsoeng likoloing tse nyane.

E ferekaneng kapa e tloaelehileng. Phetiso ea matla e etsoa ka lebaka la matla a khohlano. Mofuta o tsebahalang haholo bakeng sa likoloi tse nang le phetiso ea bukana.

1.* Litekanyo bakeng sa litšupiso. 2. Ho tiisa torque ea "crankcase mounting bolts" 3. The clutch disengagement drive ea koloi e tlameha ho fana ka: 1. Clutch movement ho theola clutch 2. Axial force on the thrust ring ha clutch e sa khaoha 4. Ponong ea A-A, "clutch" le "gearbox casing" ha li bontšoe.

 Ka mofuta oa pōpo. Mokhahlelong ona, mefuta e latelang ea coupling e khetholloa:

• centrifugal;
• karolo ea centrifugal;
• ka selemo se seholo
• e nang le peripheral spirals.

Ho ea ka palo ea li-shafts tse tsamaisoang, ho na le:

• Disk e le 'ngoe. Mofuta o tloaelehileng haholo.
• Diseke tse pedi. E thehiloe holim'a lipalangoang tsa thepa kapa libese tsa boemo bo tiileng.
• Multidisk. E sebelisoa lithuthuthu.

Mofuta oa koloi. Ho ea ka sehlopha sa clutch drive, li arotsoe ka:

• Mechini. Fana ka phetisetso ea matla ha u tobetsa lever ka thapo ho ea ferekong ea tokollo.
• Hydraulic. Li kenyelletsa li-cylinders tse ka sehloohong le tsa makhoba tsa clutch, tse kopantsoeng le tube e phahameng ea khatello. Ha pedal e hatelloa, molamu oa cylinder ea senotlolo o sebetsa, moo piston e leng teng. Ha e arabela, e hatella mokelikeli o mathang 'me e etsa mochine oa khatiso o fetisetsoang ho cylinder e kholo.

Ho boetse ho na le mofuta oa li-electromagnetic coupling, empa kajeno ha o sebelisoe boenjiniere ba mechini ka lebaka la tlhokomelo e theko e boima.

Joang ho lekola ts'ebetso ea clutch?

4 teko ea lebelo. Bakeng sa likoloi tse nang le phetiso ea bukana, ho na le mokhoa o le mong o bonolo oo ka oona o ka netefatsang hore clutch ea phetiso ea bukana e hlolehile hanyane. Ho baloa ha "speedometer" e tloaelehileng le tachometer ea koloi e fumanehang dashboard ho lekane.

Pele o hlahloba, o hloka ho fumana tsela e bataletseng e nang le sebaka se boreleli se ka bang k'hilomithara e le 'ngoe. E tla hloka ho tsamaisoa ka koloi. Algorithm ea tlhahlobo ea clutch slip e tjena:

• potlakisa koloi ho gear ea bone le lebelo la hoo e ka bang 60 km / h;
• joale emisa ho potlakisa, tlosa leoto la hau holim'a pedal ea khase 'me u lumelle koloi hore e fokotsehe;
• ha koloi e qala ho "khama", kapa ka lebelo la hoo e ka bang 40 km / h, fana ka khase e matla;
• nakong ea ho potlakisa, hoa hlokahala ho shebella ka hloko ho baloa ha lebelo la lebelo le tachometer.

Ka clutch e ntle, metsu ea lisebelisoa tse peli tse bontšitsoeng e tla fallela ka ho le letona ka synchronously. Ke hore, ka ho eketseha ha lebelo la enjene, lebelo la koloi le lona le tla eketseha, inertia e tla ba e fokolang le ka lebaka la litšobotsi tsa theknoloji ea enjene (matla a eona le boima ba koloi).

Haeba li-clutch discs li felile haholo, joale ha u hatella pedal ea khase, ho tla ba le keketseho e matla ea lebelo la enjene le matla, ao, leha ho le joalo, a ke keng a fetisetsoa ho mabili. Sena se bolela hore lebelo le tla eketseha butle haholo. Sena se tla hlalosoa ka taba ea hore metsu ea lebelo la lebelo le tachometer e ea ka ho le letona ho tsoa ho sync. Ho phaella moo, nakong ea keketseho e matla ea lebelo la enjene, mololi o tla utluoa ho eona.

Cheke ea brake ea letsoho. Mokhoa o hlahisitsoeng oa tlhahlobo o ka etsoa feela haeba brake ea letsoho (ea ho paka) e fetotsoe hantle. E lokela ho hlophisoa hantle le ho lokisa ka ho hlaka mabili a ka morao. Algorithm ea ho hlahloba boemo ba clutch e tla ba ka tsela e latelang:

• beha koloi holim'a handbrake;
• qala enjene;
• tobetsa clutch ebe o kenya karolo ea boraro kapa ea bone;
• leka ho sutha, ke hore, tobetsa pedal ea khase 'me u lokolle clutch pedal.

Haeba ka nako e ts'oanang enjene e sisinyeha le li-stalls, joale ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e hlophisitsoe ka clutch. Haeba enjene e sebetsa, li-clutch discs lia senyeha. Li-disks li ke ke tsa tsosolosoa 'me ho hlokahala hore ho lokisoe boemo ba bona kapa ho nkeloa sebaka ka botlalo ha sete kaofela.

Matšoao a kantle. Ts'ebeletso ea clutch e ka ahloloa ka tsela e sa tobang ha koloi e ntse e tsamaea, haholo-holo, e nyoloha kapa e le tlas'a mojaro. Haeba clutch e thella, joale ho na le monyetla o moholo oa monko o tukang ka kamoreng, o tla tsoa ka basketeng ea clutch. Letšoao le leng le sa tobang ke tahlehelo ea litšobotsi tse matla tsa mochini nakong ea ho potlakisa le / kapa ha o khanna ho nyoloha.

Clutch "e etella pele". Joalokaha ho boletsoe ka holimo, poleloana "e etellang pele" e bolela hore "clutch master" le li-discs tse tsamaisoang ha li fapane ka ho feletseng ha pedal e tepeletse maikutlo. Joalo ka molao, sena se tsamaisana le mathata ha o bulela / ho chencha likere ka phetisetso ea letsoho. Ka nako e ts'oanang, melumo e sa thabiseng ea creaking le rattles e utloahala ho tsoa lebokoseng la gear. Teko ea clutch tabeng ena e tla etsoa ho latela algorithm e latelang:

• qala enjene ebe u e tlohela e sa sebetse;
• hatella ka botlalo clutch pedal;
• kenya letsoho la pele.

Haeba lever ea gearshift e kentsoe ntle le mathata setulong se loketseng, ts'ebetso ha e nke boiteko bo matla ebile ha e tsamaee le rattle - ho bolelang hore clutch ha e "tsamaise". Ho seng joalo, ho na le boemo boo disc e sa itokollang ho flywheel, e leng se lebisang mathateng a hlalositsoeng ka holimo. Ka kopo hlokomela hore ho senyeha ho joalo ho ka lebisa ho hloleheng ho feletseng ha clutch feela, empa hape ho lebisa ho se sebetse ha lebokose la gear. U ka felisa karohano e hlalositsoeng ka ho pompa li-hydraulics kapa ho lokisa clutch pedal.