Mokhoa oa ho tsamaisa othomathiki o sebetsa joang

Phetiso ea othomathike e lumella enjene ea koloi ho sebetsa ka har'a lebelo le moqotetsane, joalo ka phetisetso ea letsoho. Ha enjene e fihla likhato tse phahameng tsa torque (torque ke boholo ba matla a ho potoloha a enjene),…

Phetiso ea othomathike e lumella enjene ea koloi ho sebetsa ka har'a lebelo le moqotetsane, joalo ka phetisetso ea letsoho. Ha enjene e fihla maemong a phahameng a torque (torque ke matla a ho potoloha a enjene), likere tsa phetiso li lumella enjene ho sebelisa monyetla o felletseng oa torque eo e e hlahisang ha e ntse e boloka lebelo le loketseng.

Phetiso e bohlokoa hakae tšebetsong ea koloi? Ntle le phetisetso, likoloi li na le gear e le 'ngoe feela, ho nka ka ho sa feleng ho fihla ka lebelo le phahameng,' me enjene e senyeha ka potlako ka lebaka la RPM e phahameng eo e lulang e e hlahisa.

Molao-motheo oa phetiso ea motlakase

Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea phetisetso ea othomathike o ipapisitse le ts'ebeliso ea li-sensor ho fumana hore na karo-karolelano ea gear e nepahetseng, e itšetlehileng haholo ka lebelo le lakatsehang la koloi. Phetiso e hokahana le enjene e ka tlung ea tšepe, moo torque converter e fetolelang torque ea enjene hore e be matla a ho khanna, 'me maemong a mang e bile e matlafatsa matla ao. Transmission torque converter e etsa sena ka ho fetisetsa matla ao ho driveshaft ka gear ea polanete le li-clutch discs, tse lumellang mabili a koloi ho potoloha ho e isa pele, ka likarolo tse fapaneng tsa gear tse hlokahalang bakeng sa lebelo le fapaneng. Ho ipapisitsoe le mofuta le moetso, tsena ke tse hulang ka mabili a ka morao, tse hulang ka pele le tse hulang ka mabili kaofela.

Haeba koloi e ne e e-na le gear e le 'ngoe kapa tse peli feela, ho fihla lebelo le phahameng e ne e tla ba bothata hobane enjene e bilika feela ka RPM e itseng ho latela gear. Sena se bolela li-revs tse tlase bakeng sa likere tse tlase mme ka hona lebelo le tlase. Haeba gear e ka holimo e ne e le ea bobeli, ho ne ho tla nka koloi ka ho sa feleng hore e potlakele ho theola rpm, butle-butle e ntse e phahama ha koloi e ntse e phahama. Khatello ea enjene e boetse e fetoha bothata ha e matha ka rpm e phahameng ka nako e telele.

Ka ho sebelisa likere tse itseng tse sebetsang hammoho, butle-butle koloi e ntse e phahama ka lebelo ha e ntse e chencha ho ea holimo. Ha koloi e fetoha li-gear tse phahameng, rpm e fokotseha, e leng se fokotsang mojaro oa enjene. Li-gear tse fapaneng li emeloa ke karo-karolelano ea likere (e leng karolelano ea likere ka boholo le palo ea meno). Likerese tse nyane li potlaka ho feta likere tse kholoanyane, 'me boemo bo bong le bo bong (pele ho isa ho tse tšeletseng maemong a mang) bo sebelisa likere tse fapaneng tsa boholo bo fapaneng le linomoro tsa meno ho fihlela lebelo le boreleli.

Setsi sa phetiso se bohlokoa ha se tsamaisa meroalo e boima hobane mojaro o boima o beha khatello e eketsehileng holim'a enjene, e etsa hore e chese le ho chesa mokelikeli oa phepelo. Pholiso ea phetiso e fumaneha ka har'a radiator moo e tlosang mocheso mokelikeli oa phetiso. Mokelikeli o tsamaea ka har'a li-tubes ka har'a sehatsetsing ho ea ho pholile ka har'a radiator hore phetiso e lule e pholile 'me e khone ho jara meroalo e phahameng.

Mofetoleli oa torque o etsa eng

Mofetoleli oa torque oa atisa ebe o fetisetsa torque e hlahisoang ke enjene ea koloi ebe o e fetisetsa ka likere tse fetisetsoang ho mabili a koloi qetellong ea shaft ea koloi. Li-converter tse ling tsa torque li boetse li sebetsa e le mochine oa ho notlela, o hokahanyang enjene le phetiso ha e matha ka lebelo le tšoanang. Sena se thusa ho thibela ho thella ha phetisetso ho baka tahlehelo ea ts'ebetso.

Mofetoleli oa torque o ka nka e 'ngoe ea mefuta e' meli. Ea pele, ho kopanya mokelikeli, ho sebelisa bonyane koloi ea likarolo tse peli ho fetisetsa torque ho tloha ho fetisetsoa ho ea ho koloi ea koloi, empa ha e eketse torque. Clutch ea hydraulic, e sebelisoang e le mokhoa o mong oa clutch ea mochini, e fetisetsa torque ea enjene ho mabili ka driveshaft. E 'ngoe, converter ea torque, e sebelisa bonyane likarolo tse tharo ka kakaretso,' me ka linako tse ling ho feta, ho eketsa tlhahiso ea torque ho tloha phetisong. Mofetoleli o sebelisa letoto la li-vanes le li-reactor kapa stator vanes ho eketsa torque, e leng se hlahisang matla a mangata. Li-vanes tsa stator kapa tse tsitsitseng li sebeletsa ho tsamaisa mokelikeli oa phetisetso pele o fihla pompong, ho ntlafatsa haholo bokhoni ba converter.

Mesebetsi e ka hare ea lisebelisoa tsa lipolanete

Ho tseba hore na likarolo tsa phetiso ea othomathike li sebetsa hammoho joang ho ka beha tsohle ponong. Haeba u sheba ka har'a phetiso ea othomathike, ntle le mabanta a fapaneng, lipoleiti le pompo ea gear, lisebelisoa tsa polanete ke karolo ea mantlha. Sesebelisuoa sena se na le lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi, lisebelisoa tsa lipolanete, mochine o tsamaisang lipolanete le lesale. Sesebelisoa sa polanete se batlang se lekana le cantaloupe se theha likarolo tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa tse hlokoang ke phetisetso ho fihlela lebelo le hlokahalang ho ea pele ha u ntse u khanna, hammoho le ho khutlela morao.

Mefuta e fapaneng ea likere e sebetsa 'moho, e sebetsa e le se kenyang kapa se hlahisoang bakeng sa karo-karolelano ea lisebelisoa tse hlokahalang ka nako efe kapa efe. Maemong a mang, li-gear ha li na thuso ka tekanyo e itseng 'me ka hona li lula li eme, li na le lihlopha tse ka hare ho phetiso li li tšoara ho fihlela li hlokahala. Mofuta o mong oa terene ea likoloi, e leng lisebelisoa tsa lipolanete tse nang le likarolo tse peli, o kenyelletsa lihlopha tse peli tsa letsatsi le lipolanete, le hoja e le 'ngoe feela ea selikalikoe. Sepheo sa mofuta ona oa terene ea gear ke ho fana ka torque sebakeng se senyenyane, kapa ho eketsa matla a koloi ka kakaretso, joalo ka terakeng e boima.

Boithuto ba likere

Ha enjene e ntse e sebetsa, phetiso e arabela ho eng kapa eng eo mokhanni a leng ho eona hajoale. Ho Park kapa Neutral, phetisetso ha e sebetse hobane likoloi ha li hloke torque ha koloi e sa tsamaee. Likoloi tse ngata li na le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa ho khanna tse thusang ha li ea pele, ho tloha ho ea pele ho ea ho ea bone.

Likoloi tse sebetsang li atisa ho ba le likere tse ngata, ho fihlela ho tse tšeletseng, ho itšetlehile ka ho etsoa le mohlala. Ha gear e le tlase, lebelo le tlase. Likoloi tse ling, haholo-holo literaka tse mahareng le tse boima, li sebelisa ho khannoa ho feta tekano ho thusa ho boloka lebelo le holimo le ho fana ka moruo o betere oa mafura.

Qetellong, likoloi li sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa morao-rao ho khanna ka morao. Ka morao, e 'ngoe ea likere tse nyane e sebelisana le lisebelisoa tse kholo tsa polanete, ho fapana le ho ea pele.

Kamoo gearbox e sebelisang li-clutches le lihlopha

Ho feta moo, phetiso ea othomathiki e sebelisa li-clutch le mabanta ho e thusa ho fihlela litekanyo tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa tse hlokahalang, ho kenyelletsa le ho khanna ho feta tekano. Li-clutches li kena ts'ebetsong ha likarolo tsa lisebelisoa tsa lipolanete li kopantsoe, 'me lihlopha li thusa ho boloka likere li eme e le hore li se ke tsa potoloha ho sa hlokahale. Lihlopha, tse tsamaisoang ke li-hydraulic pistons ka hare ho phetiso, li lokisa likarolo tsa terene ea gear. Li-cylinders le li-piston tsa hydraulic li boetse li kenya li-clutch, li li qobella ho kenya lisebelisoa tse hlokahalang bakeng sa tekanyo ea gear le lebelo.

Li-clutch discs li ka har'a moqomo oa clutch phetisong 'me li fapanyetsana le li-discs tsa tšepe lipakeng. Li-clutch discs ka mokhoa oa li-discs li loma lipoleiti tsa tšepe ka lebaka la tšebeliso ea ho roala ho khethehileng. Ho e-na le ho senya lipoleiti, li-discs butle-butle li li hatella, butle-butle li sebelisa matla ao joale a fetisetsoang mabiling a khannang a koloi.

Li-clutch discs le lipoleiti tsa tšepe ke sebaka se tloaelehileng moo ho thellang ho hlahang teng. Qetellong, ho thella hona ho etsa hore li-chips tsa tšepe li kenelle phetisong eohle 'me qetellong li etse hore phetiso e hlolehe. Mochine o tla hlahloba phetiso haeba koloi e na le bothata ba ho thella ha phetisetso.

Lipompo tsa Hydraulic, li-valve le regulator

Empa matla a "sebele" a tsoa hokae ka mokhoa o itekanetseng? Matla a sebele a ka har'a li-hydraulic tse hahiloeng ka tlung ea phetisetso, ho kenyelletsa le pompo, li-valve tse fapaneng le molaoli. Pompo e hula mokelikeli oa phetisetso ho tloha sump e ka tlase ho phetiso ebe o e isa ho sisteme ea haeteroliki ho kenya li-clutches le lihlopha tse ho eona. Ho phaella moo, lisebelisoa tse ka hare tsa pompo li kopantsoe le casing e ka ntle ea converter ea torque. Sena se etsa hore e khone ho bilika ka lebelo le tšoanang le la enjene ea koloi. Lisebelisoa tsa ka ntle tsa pompo li potoloha ho latela lisebelisoa tse ka hare, ho lumella pompo hore e hule metsi ho tloha sump ka lehlakoreng le leng ebe e fepa tsamaiso ea hydraulic ka lehlakoreng le leng.

'Musisi o lokisa phetiso ka ho e bolella lebelo la koloi. Mookameli, o nang le valve e tletseng selemo, o bula haholoanyane ha koloi e tsamaea ka potlako. Sena se lumella li-hydraulics tsa phetiso hore li fetise metsi a mangata ka lebelo le holimo. Phetiso ea othomathike e sebelisa e 'ngoe ea mefuta e' meli ea lisebelisoa, valve ea letsoho kapa modulator ea vacuum, ho fumana hore na enjene e sebetsa ka thata hakae, ho eketsa khatello ha ho hlokahala le ho thibela likere tse itseng ho latela karolelano e sebelisoang.

Ka tlhokomelo e nepahetseng ea phetisetso, beng ba likoloi ba ka lebella hore e tšoarelle bophelo bohle ba koloi. Sistimi e matla haholo, phetisetso ea othomathiki e sebelisa likarolo tse ngata tse fapaneng, ho kenyelletsa le torque converter, likere tsa lipolanete, le moqomo oa clutch, ho fana ka matla ho mabili a koloi, ho e boloka ka lebelo le lakatsehang.

Haeba u na le mathata ka transmission ea othomathiki, e-ba le mochini o thusang ho boloka boemo ba mokelikeli, o hlahlobe hore na o senyehile, le ho o lokisa kapa o o nkele sebaka ha ho hlokahala.

Mathata a Tloaelehileng le Matšoao a Mathata a Phetiso ea Motlakase

A mang a mathata a tloaelehileng a amanang le phetiso e fosahetseng a kenyelletsa:

• Ho hloka karabelo kapa ho tsilatsila ha o fetohela ho sesebedisoa. Hangata sena se bontša ho thella ka har'a lebokose la gear.
• Lebokose la li-gearbox le etsa melumo e fapaneng e makatsang, li-clanks le hums. E-re mak'henike a hlahlobe koloi ea hau ha e etsa lerata lena ho fumana hore na bothata ke bofe.
• Ho dutla ha mokelikeli ho bontsha bothata bo tebileng mme motjhini o lokela ho lokisa bothata kapele kamoo ho ka kgonehang. Mokelikeli oa phetiso ha o che joalo ka oli ea enjine. Ho hlahloba boemo ba mokelikeli khafetsa ke mochine ho ka thusa ho rarolla bothata bo ka bang teng pele bo etsahala.
• Monko o tukang, haholo-holo o tsoang sebakeng sa phetiso, o ka bonts'a boemo bo tlase haholo ba mokelikeli. Mokelikeli oa phetiso o sireletsa likere le likarolo tsa phetiso ho tsoa mochesong o feteletseng.
• Leseli la Check Engine le ka boela la bontša bothata ka phetisetso ea othomathiki. Etsa tlhahlobo ea mak'henike ho fumana bothata bo nepahetseng.