Koloi ea motlakase historing: likoloi tsa pele tsa motlakase | Betri e ntle

Hangata koloi ea motlakase e nkoa e le moqapi oa morao-rao kapa koloi ea bokamoso. Ha e le hantle, esale e le teng ho tloha lekholong la XNUMXth: kahoo tlhōlisano pakeng tsa likoloi tsa likoloi tse tukang le likoloi tsa motlakase ha e ncha.

Li-prototype tsa pele tse tsamaisoang ke betri 

Li-prototype tsa pele tsa likoloi tsa motlakase e hlahile hoo e ka bang ka 1830. Joalokaha ho le joalo ka lintho tse ngata tse qapiloeng, bo-rahistori ha baa khona ho tseba ka nepo letsatsi le boitsebiso ba moqapi oa koloi ea motlakase. Ena ke taba ea khang, leha ho le joalo, re ka fa batho ba 'maloa tlotla.  

Taba ea pele, Robert Anderson, rakhoebo oa Scotland, o ile a qapa mofuta oa kariki ea motlakase ka 1830, e tsamaisoang ke limakete tse robeli tsa motlakase tse tsamaisoang ke libeteri tse sa chacheng. Joale, hoo e ka bang ka 1835, Thomas Davenport oa Amerika o ile a qapa enjene ea pele ea motlakase e neng e ka sebelisoa lekaleng la indasteri mme ea theha terene e nyane ea motlakase.

Kahoo likoloi tsena tse peli tsa motlakase ke qalo ea koloi ea motlakase, empa e ne e sebelisa libeteri tse sa tjhajoeng.

Ka 1859 monna oa Mofora Gaston Plante o ile a qapa ea pele tjhaja betri lead-acid, e neng e tla ntlafatsoa ka 1881 ke setsebi sa electrochemist Camille Faure. Mosebetsi ona o entse hore ho khonehe ho ntlafatsa haholo libeteri 'me kahoo ho fa koloi ea motlakase bokamoso bo tšepisang.

Ho fihla ha koloi ea motlakase

Ka lebaka la mosebetsi o entsoeng ka libeteri, ho ile ha hlaha mehlala ea pele e tšepahalang ea likoloi tsa motlakase.

Pele re fumana mohlala o entsoeng ke Camille Faure e le karolo ea mosebetsi oa hae ka betri, le basebetsi-'moho le eena ba Mafora Nicolas Raffard, moenjiniere oa mechine, le Charles Jeanteau, moetsi oa likoloi. 

Gustave Fund, moenjiniere oa motlakase le moqapi oa likoloi tsa motlakase, oa ntlafala motlakase oa motlakase e ntlafalitsoeng ke Siemens, e nang le betri. Enjene ena e ile ea sebelisoa pele hore e tšoane le sekepe eaba e kenngoa holim'a baesekele e mabili a mararo.

Ka 1881, koloi ena ea likoloi tse tharo tsa motlakase e ile ea hlahisoa e le koloi ea pele ea motlakase Pontšong ea Machaba ea Motlakase Paris.

Selemong sona seo, lienjiniere tse peli tsa Manyesemane William Ayrton le John Perry le bona ba ile ba hlahisa baesekele ea mabili a mararo ea motlakase. Koloi ena e ne e tsoetse pele ho feta koloi e entsoeng ke Gustave Found: sebaka sa lik'hilomithara tse ka bang mashome a mabeli, lebelo la ho fihla ho 15 km / h, koloi e tsamaisoang haholoanyane ebile e na le mabone a pele.

Hobane koloi e ne e atlehile haholoanyane, bo-rahistori ba bang ba nkoa e le koloi ea pele ea motlakase, haholo-holo German Autovision Museum. 

Tsoha 'marakeng

 Qetellong ea lekholo la bo XNUMX la lilemo, 'maraka oa likoloi o ile oa aroloa ka enjine ea peterole, enjene ea mouoane le enjene ea motlakase.

Ka lebaka la tsoelo-pele e entsoeng lefapheng la libaesekele tse tharo, koloi ea motlakase e tla fetoha indasteri butle-butle 'me e tla ba le katleho e itseng maemong a moruo, haholo-holo Europe le United States. Ka sebele, lienjiniere tse ling tsa Mafora, Amerika le Brithani li tla ntlafatsa butle-butle likoloi tsa motlakase e le hore li ntlafatse ts'ebetso ea tsona. 

Ka 1884 moenjiniere oa Brithani Thomas Parker ho tlalehoa hore e entse e 'ngoe ea likoloi tsa pele tsa motlakase, joalokaha ho bonoa setšoantšong sa pele se tsebahalang se bontšang koloi ea motlakase. Thomas Parker o ne a e-na le k'hamphani ea Elwell-Parker, e etsang libeteri le li-dynamos.

O tsejoa a entse lisebelisoa tse tsamaisang literempe tsa pele tsa motlakase: Terene ea pele ea motlakase ea Borithane e Blackpool ka 1885. E ne e boetse e le moenjiniere oa Metropolitan Railway Company 'me a kenya letsoho ho kenyeng motlakase London Underground.

Likoloi tsa pele tsa motlakase li qala ho rekisoa, 'me ha e le hantle sena ke sehlopha sa litekesi bakeng sa litšebeletso tsa toropo.

Katleho e ntse e eketseha haholo-holo United States, moo baahi ba New York ba khonneng ho sebelisa litekesi tsa pele tsa motlakase ho tloha ka 1897. Likoloi li ne li e-na le libeteri tse nang le asiti ea loto 'me li ne li lefisoa liteisheneng tse khethehileng bosiu.

Ka lebaka la mohlala oa Electrobat, o entsoeng ke moenjiniere Henry G. Morris le setsebi sa k'hemistri Pedro G. Salomon, koloi ea motlakase e ne e tšoere 38% ea 'maraka oa likoloi oa US.

Koloi ea motlakase: koloi e tšepisang  

Likoloi tsa motlakase li entse nalane indastering ea likoloi 'me li bile le matsatsi a tsona a khanya a tlolang lirekoto le mabelo. Ka nako eo, likoloi tsa motlakase li ne li phahametse bahanyetsi ba tsona ba mocheso.

Ka 1895, koloi ea pele ea motlakase e ile ea kenya letsoho kopanong. Ona ke lebelo la Bordeaux-Paris le koloi ea Charles Jeanteau: lipere tse 7 le li-accumulators tse 38 tsa Fulmen tsa lik'hilograma tse 15 e le 'ngoe.

Ka 1899 koloi ea motlakase ea Camille Genatzi "La Jamais Contente". ke koloi ea pele historing e fetang lik'hilomithara tse 100. Ho fumana pale e tsotehang ka mor'a ho kena hona, re u mema hore u bale sehlooho sa rona se feletseng ka taba ena.