Libetsa tsa microwave ea motlakase Karolo ea. ngoe

Libetsa tsa motlakase oa microwave

Tšebeliso e atileng le e ntseng e hola khafetsa ea litsamaiso tsa elektroniki litsamaisong tsa libetsa tsa sejoale-joale e bolela hore ka lilemo tse fetang leshome, mabotho ohle a hlometseng a lefats'e a ntse a kenya ts'ebetsong kapa a sebetsa ka mehato e nepahetseng - libetsa tsa microwave electromagnetic tse senyang kapa tse sitisang ts'ebetso ea likarolo tsohle tsa elektronike li hahiloe ka har'a thepa efe kapa efe ea sesole. U ke ke ua itšireletsa liphellong tsa eona, ’me u ka leka ho fokotsa liphello tsa eona ka ho haha ​​tšireletso e loketseng thepa ea hao.

Sengoloa se hlahisa mekhoa e fapaneng ea ntoa le mekhoa ea tekheniki ea ho etsa litlhaselo tsa motlakase tse hananang le tšusumetso ea libetsa tsa sehlooho. E boetse e hlalosa mokhoa oa ho sireletsa thepa ea hau litlhaselong tse joalo. Mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa sesole e ntse e hahoa Poland, empa, ka bomalimabe, esita le mehato ea motheo ea tšireletso khahlanong le liphello tsa libetsa tsa motlakase ha e kenyelelitsoe ho eona, 'me thepa ena e tla sebetsa ka lilemo tse fetang XNUMX kapa esita le mashome a' maloa a lilemo. ’me haeba e kenella ntoeng leha e le efe ea kajeno ea libetsa, e tlamehile ho hlaseloa ke libetsa tse ntseng li rarahana ka ho eketsehileng tsa motlakase. Sena se boetse se sebetsa ho mesebetsi ea maeto le likhohlano tsa asymmetric, hobane libetsa tse joalo li ka ba tsa moralo o bonolo haholo, o hlileng o bōpiloeng ho seo ho thoeng ke sona. lapeng, ’me tšebeliso ea eona e se e hlokometsoe likhohlanong tsa Bochabela bo Hare.

Libetsa tsa motlakase oa microwave

Directed Energy Weapons (DEW) le Radio Frequency Directed Energy Weapons (RF-DEW)

Libetsa tsa motlakase oa microwave ke tšokelo ea 'nete eseng lebaleng la ntoa feela. Hoa tsebahala hore litsamaiso tsa libetsa le likoloi tsa ntoa li ntse li hlomelloa ka lisebelisoa tsa elektronike tse tsoetseng pele tse fanang ka menyetla e mecha. Ka hona, tlhaselo e atlehileng e sitisang ts'ebetso ea bona e nepahetseng hangata e ba lumella hore ba felisoe ka katleho. Hona joale, tšebeliso ea ntoa ea elektronike (EW - Electronic Warfare) e atile. Ka hona, ha ho makatse hore ebe linaha tse ngata tse tsoetseng pele sesoleng li iketsetsa mekhoa ea tsona le theknoloji ea ho itšireletsa khahlanong le litlhaselo tsa motlakase.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, "Directed Energy Weapons" (DEWs) ke libetsa tsa motlakase, laser le acoustic tse thehiloeng ho phallo ea likaroloana. Sehloohong sena, ntle le mekhelo e 'maloa, re tla tsepamisa maikutlo feela ho libetsa tsa matla tse tsamaisoang ke radio-frequency directed (RF-GNE), tse otlang lipheo ka ho theha maqhubu a kotsi le maqhubu le litlamorao tsa mocheso oa lehae ka lebaka la tšusumetso ea mefuta e fapaneng ea maqhubu a matla. hlaka. masimo a motlakase a nang le tlhōrō e phahameng ea matla le matla, makhetlo a makholo ho isa ho a likete ho feta a libetsa tsa ntoa ea elektronike, ka nako e khutšoanyane haholo - ho tloha ho micro-milliseconds (setšoantšo se ka tlase).

Mosebetsi oa RF-ROSA ke ho senngoa ha sepheo kapa tšitiso e ke keng ea fetoloa ea ts'ebetso ea sebetsa kapa likarolo tsa eona tse nang le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki le lisebelisoa (lits'ebetso tsa C4ISR, liteishene tsa seea-le-moea, metsu le li-launcher tsa tsona, li-sensor tse fapaneng le litsamaiso tsa optoelectronic, jj. .), ntle le tlhoko ea ho ba le kananelo e nepahetseng. Kamora ho felisoa ha tlhahiso ea RF-DEW, lisebelisoa tse hlasetsoeng li fetoha tse sa sebelisoeng ka ho sa feleng.

Lefapheng la libetsa tsa motlakase, ho na le mantsoe le mantsoe a mangata. Phapang ea mantlha ke karohano ea mehopolo ea ntoa ea elektroniki / sisteme ea ntoa ea elektroniki (libetsa) le libetsa tsa motlakase. Libetsa tsa EW li etselitsoe ho jam (ho khutsisa) lisebelisoa tse ling tsa elektroniki le ho sebetsa, joalo ka molao, ka matla a tlase, ka tatellano ea 1 kW, ho sebelisa li-algorithms tse rarahaneng tsa ho sebelisana le maqhubu a seea-le-moea. Mosebetsi oa hae ke ho thibela sera ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa hae tsa elektronike, ha ka nako e tšoanang a sireletsa thepa ea hae ea ho sebetsa. Mekhoa ea EW e rarahane haholo ebile e theko e boima ka lebaka la: mefuta e fapaneng ea lipheo, tlhokahalo ea ho lemoha ka nepo li-algorithms tsa ts'ebetso ea bona pele ho tlhaselo, le litsela tse ka khonehang tsa ho li tlōla. Tšebeliso ea seo ho thoeng ke electronic camouflage ha e na thuso e kaalo tsamaisong ea bohlale ea elektronike. Ho ipapisitsoe le tlhahiso ea motlakase, ba khona ho tseba sebaka se nepahetseng sa li-subunit, hammoho le ho tseba mofuta oa bona (mohlala, ka ho tseba le ho bala mehloli ea mahlaseli e sebakeng se itseng) le mosebetsi o etsoang (mohlala, ka ho lekola). liphetoho sebakeng sa mehloli ea mahlaseli ka bomong). Ka nako e telele lintoeng, tse hlalosoang e le WRE, ha ho na "tšehetso ea elektronike" feela (Tšehetso ea Ntoa ea Elektronike, ke hore, ho lemoha mahlaseli a motlakase ho fumana boitsebiso bo mabapi le sera) le "tlhaselo ea elektronike" (Attack ea elektroniki - e sebetsang kapa e sa sebetseng). tšebeliso ea mahlaseli a motlakase a tlaase a matla a motlakase e le ho thibela tšebeliso ea mofuta ona oa mahlaseli ke sera), empa hape le "tšireletso ea elektronike" (Tsireletso ea elektroniki). Tšireletso ke, e le molao, mefuta eohle ea mesebetsi e fokotsang bokhoni ba sera ho etsa mesebetsi ea ts'ehetso le tlhaselo ea elektronike. Ka tloaelo, mahlakore a hanyetsanang a sebelisa mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea ts'ireletso khahlanong le ho lemoha le ho latela (ECM - Electronic Countermeasure) kapa mehato e khahlanong le ECM ea sera (Electronic Counter-Countermeasure).

Litloaelo tse tharo tse kholo indastering ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa sesole tse ntseng li tsoela pele li hlohlelletsa keketseho ea lefats'e ea thahasello ea ho sebelisa libetsa tsa RF-DEW lebaleng la ntoa. Taba ea pele, tsoelo-pele ho thehoeng ha lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tsa DC le lisele tse nang le matla a phahameng a matla, hammoho le ho theheng lijenereithara tsa mahlaseli a matla a motlakase a matla haholo mecheng ea microwave. Ntlha ea bobeli ke ho pepeseha ho ntseng ho eketseha ha matla a motlakase a lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa elektroniki le likarolo tsa tsona tse sebelisoang thepa ea sesole. Sena se bakoa, har'a lintho tse ling, ke boholo bo fokolang ba li-transistors, haholo-holo mofuta oa MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor), bongata bo phahameng haholo ba li-semiconductors li-circuits tse kopantsoeng (molao oa Moore) le tšebeliso e tlaase ea matla le phepelo. Li-voltage tsa transistors ho li-microprocessors (hona joale li ka bang 1 V), maqhubu a tsona a ts'ebetso a maemong a gigahertz mme puisano e se nang mohala e ntse e ata le ho feta. Ntlha ea boraro ke ho itšetleha ho hoholo ha boemo ba ho rarahana ha libetsa tse sa tsoa etsoa lisebelisoa tsa elektronike tse kenngoeng tšebetsong ho tsona. Ka hona, RF-DEW e ka senya kapa ea tima mefuta e mecha ea libetsa. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, mofuta ona oa sebetsa o hloka ho kopanngoa le ho falla sethaleng se hanyetsanang le liphello tsa sona tse senyang.