Sistimi ea nako ea camshaft ea koloi ke eng?
Tse ka hare
Shaft tsamaiso ya kamahanyo
Sistimi ea nako ea li-valve ke phapano ea nako ea machabeng e amoheloang ka kakaretso. Sistimi ena e etselitsoe ho laola likarolo tsa mochini o tsamaisang khase ho latela maemo a ts'ebetso ea enjene. Ts'ebeliso ea sistimi e fana ka keketseho ea matla a enjene le torque, moruo oa mafura le phokotso ea mesi e kotsi. Litekanyetso tse fetolehang tsa mochini o tsamaisang khase li kenyeletsa. Nako ea ho bula kapa ho koala ha valve le ho phahamisa valve. Ka kakaretso, mekhahlelo ena ke nako ea ho koala belofo. Nako ea lipolao tsa ho ja le ho qeta, tse hlahisoang ke leqhubu la ho potoloha ha crankshaft mabapi le lintlha tse "shoeleng". Karolo ea khokahano e khethoa ke sebopeho sa camshaft cam e sebetsang ho valve.
Cam camshaft
Maemo a fapaneng a ts'ebetso ea li-valve a hloka liphetoho tse fapaneng tsa li-valve. Kahoo, ka lebelo le tlase la enjene, nako e lokela ho ba ea nako e nyane kapa karolo ea "moqotetsane". Ka lebelo le phahameng, nako ea valve e lokela ho ba bophara ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho netefatsoa ho kenella ha likoung tsa ho kenella le ho qeta moea, ho bolelang ho khutlisa khase ea tlhaho ea moea. Camshaft cam e na le sebopeho se ikhethang 'me e ke ke ea fana ka torque e nyane le e pharalletseng ka nako e le' ngoe. Ka ts'ebetso, sebopeho sa cam ke ho sekisetsa lipakeng tsa torque e phahameng ka lebelo le tlase le matla a phahameng ka lebelo le phahameng la crankshaft. Phapang ena e rarolloa ka nepo ke sistimi e fapaneng ea li-valve tsa nako.
Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea tsamaiso ea nako le camshaft
Ho latela maemo a fetolehang a nako, mekhoa e latelang ea taolo ea mekhahlelo e fapana. Ho potoloha camshaft, ho sebelisa libopeho tse fapaneng tsa cam le ho fetola bophahamo ba li-valve. E sebelisoa haholo ho likoloi tsa mabelo. Sena se eketsa matla a mang a koloi ho tloha ho 30% ho ea 70%. Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea taolo ea li-valve ke camshaft rotation BMW VANOS, VVT-i. Nako e fapaneng ea li-valve le bohlale bo tsoang ho Toyota; VVT. Nako e fapaneng ea li-valve le Volkswage VTC. Taolo e fapaneng ea nako ho tsoa ho Honda; CVVT e sa fetoheng ea li-valve e tsoang Hyundai, Kia, Volvo, General Motors; VCP, mekhahlelo e fapaneng ea cam ho tloha Renault. Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea lits'ebetso tsena o ipapisitse le ho potoloha ha camshaft ka lehlakoreng la ho potoloha, ka lebaka la ho buloa ha li-valve pele ho nako ha ho bapisoa le boemo ba pele.
Likarolo tsa tsamaiso ea kamahanyo
Moralo oa sistimi ea kabo ea khase ea mofuta ona e kenyeletsa. Khokahano le taolo ea ts'ebetso ea motlakase bakeng sa khokahano ena. Setšoantšo sa sistimi ea taolo e ikemetseng ea ts'ebetso ea phunyang Clutch e sebetsang ka motlakase, eo hangata e bitsoang switch switch, e tsamaisa camshaft ka kotloloho. Clutch e na le male rotor e hoketsoeng ho camshaft le matlo. E bapalang karolo ea camshaft drive pulley. Ho na le likoti pakeng tsa rotor le matlo, moo oli ea enjene e fanoang ka liteishene. Ho tlatsa sekoti ka oli ho netefatsa ho potoloha ha rotor ho amana le matlo le ho potoloha hoa camshaft ka lehlakoreng le itseng. Boholo ba clutch haeteroliki e mounted ka camshaft noa.
Seo tsamaiso ea khokahano e fanang ka sona
Ho holisa mekhahlelo ea taolo meralong e meng, lithupa li kentsoe likamoreng tsa ho kenya le ho qeta. Sisteme ea taolo e fana ka phetoho e ikemetseng ea ts'ebetso ea clutch ka taolo ea hydraulic. Sebopeho, se kenyelletsa li-sensors tsa ho kenya, yuniti ea taolo ea elektroniki le li-actuator. Sisteme ea taolo e sebelisa li-sensor tsa Hall. E lekolang boemo ba li-camshafts, hammoho le li-sensors tse ling tsa sistimi ea taolo ea enjene. Lebelo la enjene, mocheso o pholileng le mitha ea boima ba moea. Yuniti ea taolo ea enjene e amohela matšoao ho tsoa ho li-sensor mme e hlahisa liketso tsa taolo bakeng sa terene e khanna. E boetse e bitsoa electro hydraulic valve. Morekisi ke valve ea solenoid mme o fana ka oli ho clutch e tsamaisang motlakase le ho tsoa ho eona, ho latela maemo a ts'ebetso ea enjene.
Mokhoa o sebetsang oa taolo ea li-valve
Sistimi e fapaneng ea ho boloka nako ea valve e fana ka ts'ebetso ka mekhoa e latelang: boholo ba matla; torque e phahameng Mofuta o mong oa sistimi e laoloang ea li-valve o ipapisitse le ts'ebeliso ea likamele tsa libopeho tse fapaneng, tse lebisang phetohong ea mohato nakong ea ho bula le ho phahamisa valve. Mekhoa e joalo e tsejoa: VTEC, taolo e fapaneng ea li-valve le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse tsoang ho Honda; VVTL-i, nako e fapaneng ea li-valve le ho phahamisa ka bohlale ho tsoa ho Toyota; MIVEC, Mitsubishi Innovative sistimi e tsamaisang khase e tsoang Mitsubishi; Sistimi ea Valvelift e tsoang ho Audi. Litsamaiso tsena ha e le hantle ke moralo le moralo o ts'oanang, ntle le sistimi ea Valvelift. Mohlala, e 'ngoe ea sistimi e tsebahalang haholo ea VTEC e kenyelletsa pokello ea lik'hamera tsa lifaele tse fapaneng le sistimi ea taolo. Setšoantšo sa sistimi ea VTEC.
Mefuta ea li-camshaft cams
Camshaft e na le likamele tse peli tse nyane le e le 'ngoe tse kholo. Lik'hamera tse nyane li hokahantsoe ka matsoho a tsamaeang le rocker ho li-valve tse nyane. Mokokotlo o moholo o tsamaisa rocker e hlephileng. Sisteme ea taolo e fana ka phetoho ho tloha mokhoeng o mong oa tšebetso ho ea ho o mong. Ka ho kenya tšebetsong mochini oa ho notlela. Mokhoa oa ho notlela o tsamaisoa ka motlakase. Ka lebelo la enjene e tlase, kapa hape e bitsoang mojaro o tlase, li-valve tsa ho kenella li sebetsa ho tsoa likamoreng tse nyane. Ka nako e ts'oanang, nako ea ts'ebetso ea valve e khetholloa ka nako e khuts'oane. Ha lebelo la enjene le fihla boleng bo itseng, sistimi ea taolo e kenya tšebetsong mochini oa ho notlela. Li-rocker tsa likamele tse nyane le tse kholo li hokahantsoe ke pini e notlellang mme matla a fetisetsoa ho li-valve tsa ho kenella ho tsoa ho cam e kholo.
Tsamaiso ea kamahanyo
Phetoho e 'ngoe ea sistimi ea VTEC e na le mekhoa e meraro ea taolo. Tse khethiloeng ke mosebetsi oa hump e nyane kapa ho buloa ha valve e kenang ka lebelo le tlase la enjene. Likamera tse peli tse nyane, ho bolelang hore li-valve tse peli tsa ho noa li buloa ka lebelo le mahareng. Hape le hump e kholo ka lebelo le phahameng. Sistimi ea sejoale-joale ea ho feto-fetoha ea nako ea Honda ke sistimi ea I-VTEC, e kopanyang sistimi ea VTEC le VTC. Motsoako ona o eketsa haholo li-parameter tsa taolo ea enjene. Sistimi ea taolo ea li-valve e tsoetseng pele haholo mabapi le moralo e thehiloe holim'a phetoho ea bophahamo ba li-valve. Tsamaiso ena e felisa khase tlas'a maemo a mangata a ho sebetsa ha enjene. Pula-maliboho sebakeng sena ke BMW le tsamaiso ea eona ea Valvetronic.
Ts'ebetso ea camshaft ea nako ea nako
Molao-motheo o ts'oanang o sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse ling: Toyota Valvematic, VEL, valve e fapaneng le sistimi ea lift ho tloha Nissan, Fiat MultiAir, VTI, valve e feto-fetohang le sistimi ea ente ho tsoa Peugeot. Setšoantšo sa sistimi ea Valvetronic. Ts'ebetsong ea Valvetronic, phetoho ea ho phahamisa valve e fanoa ke morero o rarahaneng oa kinematic. Moo clutch ea valve ea setso e tlatsitsoeng ke theko e ikemiselitseng le lever e mahareng. Shaft eccentric e potoloha ke enjene ka sesebelisoa sa seboko. Potoloho ea theko eccentric fetola boemo ba Lever mahareng, eo ka lehlakoreng le leng e khethollang motsamao o itseng oa letsoho la rocker le motsamao o lumellanang oa valve. Lift valve e fetoloa khafetsa, ho latela maemo a ts'ebetso ea enjene. Valvetronic e kentsoe li-valve tsa ho noa feela.
