Li-absorber tsa likoloi tse ka pele le ka morao

Mochine o ts'oarellang ke sesebelisoa sa damping se sebelisoang ka koloing ho monya ka mokhoa o atlehileng ho ts'oha le ho ts'oha, ho fokotsa ho thothomela, joalo-joalo. Ho phaella moo, mochine o ts'oarellang (koloi ea koloi) e u lumella hore u hatelle lebili khahlanong le tsela ha u khanna ka tšabo, kahoo u ntlafatsa ho tsamaea. , ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea braking, botsitso ba koloi, joalo-joalo.

Kajeno, ho na le mefuta le mefuta e fapaneng ea li-absorbers tse tšosang, tse sa tšoaneng eseng feela sebakeng seo li phomolang ho sona (li-absorber tse ka pele kapa tse ka morao), empa hape le ka moralo.

Ka mor'a moo, re tla bona hore na mochine o ts'oarellang ke eng le hore na mochine oa mochine oa koloi ke oa mofuta ofe. Kahoo, ka har'a moralo oa sengoloa, ho totobatsoa ka thoko hore na ho na le li-absorbers tsa likoloi, mefuta ea li-struts, hore na e fapana joang, le melemo le likotsi tsa mefuta e fapaneng ea li-struts, joalo-joalo.

Li-absorber tsa koloi tse ka morao le tse ka pele: seo u hlokang ho se tseba

A re qaleng ka taba ea hore kajeno ho na le mefuta e mengata ea li-shock absorbers bakeng sa likoloi. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ke habohlokoa ho utloisisa hore ho na le liphapang tsa sebopeho pakeng tsa bona le ho fapana hanyenyane haholo mabapi le katleho le ts'ebetso. Ha re e utloisise.

• Taba ea pele, sepheo sa li-absorbers ke ho fokotsa ho thothomela le ho sisinyeha ho fetisetsoang 'meleng ha koloi e tsamaea. Li-absorber tse tšosang kapa li-struts li sebetsa hammoho le likarolo tse ling tsa rekere tsa ho emisoa ha koloi (mohlala, liliba, li-blocks tse khutsitseng, li-anti-roll, joalo-joalo).

Ka tsela e 'ngoe, ka lebaka la li-absorbers tse tšosang, ho ka khoneha ho ntlafatsa haholo boreleli ba koloi, ho felisa ho bokella (bobeli ba longitudinal le transverse), ho finyella ho sebetsana hantle le botsitso ba koloi tseleng.

• Joale a re tsoeleng pele ho sesebelisoa. Ka mantsoe a bonolo feela, ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea ts'oaetso e sebetsa ka ho hatella le ho khutlela morao. Li-hydraulic shock absorber ke tsona tsa pele tse ileng tsa sebelisoa haholo likoloing. Ka nako e ts'oanang, li-telescopic piston oil shock absorbers tse ipapisitseng le molao-motheo oa khohlano ea metsi li ntse li sebelisoa le kajeno.

Ha re nahana ka taba ea hore mochine oa ho ts'oasa telescopic o kenngoa hohle ka mechine, re tla hlahloba mofuta ona ka ho qaqileng haholoanyane. Ka mantsoe a bonolo feela, damper e joalo e sebetsa ka lebaka la hore mokelikeli (oli) o phalla ho tloha sebakeng se seng ho ea ho se seng ka likoti tse khethehileng tse lekantsoeng. Ha e le hantle, li-telescoping struts li sebetsa ka ho qobella mokelikeli ka piston ka masoba a lekantsoeng.

Ho ipapisitsoe le matla a piston le hore na terene e sebetsa ka mokhoa ofe, mokelikeli o tla tsoa ka masoba a bophara bo fapaneng. Matla a ferekaneng a mokelikeli nakong ea ts'ebetso ea rack a fetoloa mocheso, 'me molao-motheo o akaretsang oa ts'ebetso o o lumella ho fokotsa ho thothomela. Ho feta moo, foreimi e sebetsa ka bobeli compression le rebound.

• Ha re eeng moo. E le molao, bakhanni ba likoloi ha ba ele hloko kamehla mefuta ea li-shock absorbers. Ke habohlokoa ho utloisisa hore ho na le phapang e khōlō pakeng tsa bona. 'Nete ke hore ho emisoa ho ts'oaroa ho ka ba ka pele kapa ka morao feela, empa hape le tube e le' ngoe, li-tube tse peli kapa tse kopantsoeng, hammoho le oli, khase kapa khase-oli (khase / oli foreimi).

Hoa etsahala hore haeba u hloka ho reka li-absorber tse ka morao kapa tse ka pele, hammoho le li-racks tsohle tse 4 bakeng sa koloi, ke habohlokoa ho nahana ka likarolo le phapang ea mofuta o mong le o mong. Ho phaella moo, haeba mofuta o mong kapa o mong oa ts'oaetso o khethiloe ka mokhoa o fosahetseng, o ka ama ho tšoara hammoho le ho palama matšeliso.

Mefuta ea li-absorbers tsa koloi

Joalokaha u ka bona, strut ea koloi ke ntho ea bohlokoa tsamaisong ea ho emisa. Ho phaella moo, strut absorber strut ka ho toba ha e ame feela matšeliso, empa hape e sebetsana. Ka lebaka lena, o hloka ho tseba ho khetha li-absorber tse nepahetseng ka pele kapa li-struts tse ka morao, ho nahanela litšobotsi tsa mefuta e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa tse joalo.

Ka hona, li-absorber tsa telescopic li na le tube e le 'ngoe le li-tube tse peli li kopantsoe. Hape, liphetolelo tsa morao-rao li ka 'na tsa e-ba le ts'ebetso ea phetoho e feto-fetohang ea li-shock absorber (adaptive suspension).

• Khetho ea pele ke li-absorber tse nang le tube e le 'ngoe kapa li-single-tube shock absorbers. Li-racks tse joalo li na le silinda e le 'ngoe feela, e sebetsang e le ntlo ea piston le molamu. E le ho lefella molumo oa bar, ho ile ha etsoa kamore e arohaneng e tletseng khase. Piston e phaphametseng e arola khase ho mokelikeli.

Foreiming e joalo, khatello ea oli e ka har'a lintho tse monyang khase e tlatsitsoeng ke ts'oaetso e ka fihla ho li-atmosphere tse 30. Monyetla o ka sehloohong oa li-racks tse joalo ke pholileng e babatsehang, ho boloka thepa tseleng leha e le efe, hammoho le bokhoni ba ho kenya mochine o ts'oarellang ka tsela leha e le efe. Sena se ka khoneha hobane ho na le tšitiso ea 'mele pakeng tsa kamore e nang le khase le oli, e ba thibelang ho kopanya.

Ha e le li-minuses, sena ke ho rarahana ha tlhahiso le litšenyehelo tse phahameng haholo. Kaha khatello e ka hare ho pipe e phahame haholo, 'mele o tlameha ho ba matla ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang. Hape hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore ha lejoe le otla mochine o motlakase o le mong, lerako la silinda le kobehile 'me piston e ka' na ea jam. Ka lebaka la likarolo tse joalo, liraka tse joalo li atisa ho behoa feela likoloing tsa lipapali.

• Li-twin-tube shock absorbers li fapane le li-cup shock absorbers tse nang le li-cylinders tse peli tse ka hare ho tse ling (moqomo o ka hare o na le oli le piston e amanang le ho fanyeha ka molamu).

Moqomo o ka ntle o tlatsitsoe ka moea hanyane mme o sebetsa joalo ka tanka ea katoloso. Letamo lena lea hlokahala bakeng sa ho phalla ha mokelikeli o tlositsoeng ke molamu. Moqapi ona ke oa moruo, o na le bophelo bo amohelehang le katleho tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng.

Ka nako e tšoanang, o ne a se na mefokolo. Bothata bo boholo ke ho chesa haholo le ho phophoma ha oli, kaha marako a mabeli ha a lumelle oli hore e pholile hantle. Maemong a thata, oli e "pheha" feela ka har'a sesebelisoa se ts'oarehang, koloi e sisinyeha, ho sebetsana le botsitso ho senyeha.

• Li-absorbers tse nang le oli ea khase (tse kopantsoeng) - khetho e kopanyang melemo ea li-absorber tse nang le tube e le 'ngoe le tse peli. Moqapi o tšoana le foreimi ea liphaephe tse peli, 'me phapang e kholo ke hore ho e-na le moea, khase e kenngoa ka har'a cylinder e ka ntle tlas'a khatello.

Melemo e kenyelletsa litšenyehelo tse theko e tlaase, compactness, ts'ebetso e ntle maemong a fapaneng, ho pholisa hantle le bophelo bo amohelehang ba ts'ebeletso. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, liforeimi tsena tsa li-combo li tlase ho li-tube shocks tse le 'ngoe mabapi le ts'ebetso hape li mpe ka boiketlo ha li bapisoa le li-twin tube shocks tsa khale.

• Li-absorbers tse feto-fetohang li lumella mopalami ho iketsetsa strut bakeng sa ts'ebeliso e itseng. Likoloi tsa morao-rao, sena se etsoa ka mokhoa oa elektronike ka mokhoa o itekanetseng kapa oa matsoho.

Ka bokhutšoanyane, ho ka khetholloa mefuta e 'meli ea li-struts tse joalo: tsa motlakase tse thehiloeng ho li-valve tsa motlakase tsa motlakase le li-absorber tse sebelisang mokelikeli o khethehileng oa magnetorheological. Boemong ba pele, lisebelisoa tsa elektronike li fetola ts'ebetso ea li-valve, tse amang ho tlosoa ha mokelikeli le ho fetola ho satalla ha mokelikeli o tšosang.

Karolong ea bobeli, sebaka sa makenete ea motlakase se sebetsa holim'a likaroloana tsa oli tse haufi le masoba a bypass. Ka lebaka leo, viscosity ea oli e fetoha, hape sena se ama tsela ea ho pota-pota le ho fetola ho satalla ha mokelikeli o tšosang.

Mefuta ea pele le ea bobeli ea li-racks tse feto-fetohang li na le litšenyehelo tse phahameng. Hape, ho ahlola ka maikutlo a beng ba likoloi tsa CIS, motho a ka khetha mohloli o batlang o le monyenyane oa li-absorbers tsena nakong ea ho khanna ka mafolofolo litseleng tse mpe.

• Li-absorbers tsa lipapali kapa li-absorber tse boima tsa mosebetsi o boima li etselitsoe ho tloha fatše bakeng sa mesebetsi e boima le mesebetsi e boima. E le molao, liforeimi tsena li thata ho sebetsana hantle le koloi.

Ka nako e ts'oanang, matšeliso tabeng ena a khutlisetsoa morao, kaha mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa likutu tse joalo ke botsitso bo boholo ba koloi tseleng, haholo-holo ka lebelo le phahameng le ho sebetsa ka thata.

Re boetse re phaella ka hore mochine o kenang ka pele o na le mojaro o phahameng ha o khanna ha o bapisoa le li-struts tse ka morao. Ke kahoo le tsona li entsoeng hore li matlafatsoe ka mokhoa o itseng. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le li-absorber tse matla tse matlafalitsoeng tse arohaneng, ka li-axle tse ka pele le tse ka morao.

Hape hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore li-absorber tse ka pele le tse ka morao li ka ba tsa moralo oa li-tube-tube, ha li-twin-tube shock absorbers li atisa ho behoa ka morao, ho nahanela meroalo e fokolang, hammoho le ho eketsa matšeliso.

Ho se sebetse hantle ha li-shock absorber: matšoao le matšoao, hlahloba

Ho fanoe ka boitsebiso bo ka holimo, u tla khona ho utloisisa hore na ke li-struts life tse nang le ts'oaetso tse molemo ka ho fetisisa ho li khetha tabeng e itseng. Joale, ha u se u entse qeto ka mofuta, u hloka ho khetha moetsi, ho ithuta lethathamo la libuka le ho reka li-absorbers tse tsoang likhethong tse loketseng tse fumanehang bakeng sa ho nkela sebaka.

Ka nako e ts'oanang, hase bakhanni bohle ba tsebang hantle ha ho hlokahala hore u fetole li-grill tsa koloi. Ho tsoa ho bakhanni ba bang ba likoloi u ka utloa hore mochine o kenang ka pele o sebetsa lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 50-60, mochine o kenang ka morao o sebetsa ho fihlela ho lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 100, mochine oa khase o nka nako e telele ho 30-50% ho feta oli, joalo-joalo.

Maemong a mang, ho kgothaletswa hore o shebe feela li-racks, ho ela hloko marotholi a oli, ho kokota, ho khomarela le lerata, ha ho tse ling ho kgothaletswa ka matla ho etela vibrator kapa ho fetola li-absorber tse thehiloeng ho mileage. A re hlahlobeng lipotso tsena ka botlalo.

Pele ho tsohle, ho na le matšoao a 'maloa a hore li-struts tsa shock absorber ha li atlehe:

• ho bokella ha u khanna esita le tseleng e bataletseng;
• liphoso tsohle li fetisetsoa 'meleng ka thata, maqhubu a utloahala lebiling la setere;
• koloi e bilika likhutlong, ha e tšoare tsela;
• ho ne ho e-na le maqhubu le lerata le sa tloaelehang ha u khanna sebakeng sa liraka;
• ho fokotseha ha ts'ebetso ea braking, ho hoholeha ka tsela e 'ngoe kapa e' ngoe, joalo-joalo.

Ka kopo hlokomela hore boitšoaro bona ba koloi le ponahalo ea matšoao ana ho khoneha ka mabaka a mang. Ho utloisisa hantle ha li-absorbers tse tšosang li le mpe kapa li hlōlehile ka ho feletseng kapa ka mokhoa o sa fellang, ho hlokahala hore u qale ka ho hlahloba pono ea li-shock absorbers.

Haeba u bona li-grooves tse amanang le li-absorbers tsa oli le khase ea khase, sena se tla bontša hore mochine o senyang "ho fufuleloa" kapa o na le ho lutla ka ho feletseng, ho tiea ho lahleha. Haeba ho khoneha ho hlahloba rack, ho molemo ho e tlosa koloing ebe o e pompa ka letsoho.

Haeba sena se sa khonehe, ho lekane ho bula hood, ho itšetleha ka sebaka sa rack le ho hatella 'mele khahlanong le rack ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang, ebe oe lokolla ka matla.

Ketsahalong eo mochine oa ho thothomela o sebetsang (bonyane ka mokhoa o sa fellang), 'mele o tla khutlela sebakeng sa oona sa pele' me ha ho na ho thothomela ho fetang e le 'ngoe kapa tse peli. Haeba ho haha ​​​​ho bonahala (ho fetoha ha 'maloa), joale mochine o ts'oarellang ha o etse mesebetsi ea oona,' me 'mele o sisinyeha ka liliba.

Ha e le hantle, ho tsoa ha oli ka tšoelesa ea damper, e iponahatsang ka mokhoa oa li-streaks tsa oli, ho bontša tahlehelo ea ho tiea sebakeng sa stem gland.

Sena se ka etsahala ka lebaka la ts'enyo ea "shock absorber" bushing, ka mor'a moo kutu e ba litšila. The stem ka boeona e ka boela ea holofala ka mor'a ho khanna holim'a maqhubu a tseleng, likoti, joalo-joalo.

Ho sa tsotellehe boemo leha e le bofe, esita le haeba mochine o ts'oarellang o ntse o sebetsa, joale sena ha se nako e telele 'me ho hlokahala hore u lokisetse ho nkeloa sebaka, kaha khase le mokelikeli o lutla ho tsoa ho mochine o ts'oarellang, thepa e senyang ea mochine o senyang e senyeha ka ho hlakileng.

Hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore ka ts'ebetso, li-absorber tse ka pele litseleng tsa malapeng tsa likoloi tsa maemo a bohareng hangata ha li koahele lik'hilomithara tse fetang 60-70, ka mor'a moo ts'ebetso ea bona e qala ho senyeha.

Hoa etsahala hore le haeba li-racks li omme ka lebelo la lik'hilomithara tse ka bang 90-100, ho ntse ho le joalo, bakeng sa ho matha joalo, ts'ebetso ea bona ha e fete 30-40%. Ha e le litšiea tse ka morao, hangata li tsamaea lik'hilomithara tse 30-40 ho feta tse ka pele.

Litlhahiso Tse Thusang

Haeba u sekaseka tlhahisoleseding e fumanoeng, hoa hlaka hore haeba u hloka ho khetha ntho e le 'ngoe kapa e' ngoe ea ts'oaetso, theko e tla fapana. Litsenyehelo li tla angoa ke mofuta oa kutu ka boeona, hammoho le morero o ka sehloohong (bakeng sa li-axle tse ka pele kapa tse ka morao). Joalo ka molao o akaretsang, litšisinyeho tse ka morao li tla ba theko e tlase ho feta litšisinyeho tse ka pele hobane li bonolo ho li etsa ebile ha li hloke matlafatso e eketsehileng ha li bapisoa le litšisinyeho tse boima tse ka pele.

Leha ho le joalo, ha hoa lokela ho boloka chelete e ngata ha ho nkeloa sebaka. Pele ho tsohle, li-absorbers tsa ts'oenyeho li fetoloa ka lipara ho axle e le 'ngoe. Hape, haeba o hloka ho nkela sebaka sa "shock absorber", o ka reka tharollo ea pele e theko e boima kapa analogue ea brand e tsebahalang, hammoho le li-racks tse theko e tlaase. Ka nako e ts'oanang, u lokela ho itokisetsa taba ea hore li-absorber tse theko e tlaase li ka sebetsa hampe haholo ho tloha qalong, ha li kopane le litšobotsi tse boletsoeng 'me li hlōleha kapele.

E ntse e sa kgothaletswa ho boloka li-racks tse ka morao. Maemong a mang, ho leka ho kenya li-absorber tse mahareng kapa tse phahameng ka pele le li-struts tse theko e tlaase mokokotlong o ka morao li lebisa ho ts'oaroe hampe le boiketlo bo fokotsehileng. Ho loketse ho kenya liraka tsa sehlopha sa theko e tšoanang le moetsi a le mong ka pele le ka morao.

Qetellong, rea hlokomela hore khetho ea ho ts'oara ho ts'oana e tlameha ho ba hlokolosi; ha u khetha, hoa hlokahala ho ela hloko litšobotsi tse boletsoeng ka holimo ka thoko. Hape ke habohlokoa ho nahana ka mokhoa oa ho khanna, maemo a litsela sebakeng seo, likhetho tsa motho ka mong, ts'ebetso ea koloi le palo ea likarolo tse ling. Tabeng ena, o hloka ho reka li-racks feela ho barekisi ba tšepahalang le ho li kenya ka nepo mochining.

Lebaka ke hore ho na le li-fakes tse ngata tsa boleng bo tlaase 'marakeng,' me ha se litsebi tsohle tsa mesebetsi ea matsoho tse latelang melao le likhothaletso tse tlamang ha li nkela li-struts (ho hlahloba li-absorbers, ho pompa li-absorbers tse tšosang pele li kenngoa, joalo-joalo).